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Biology 100 Exam – 2025/2026 | 120+ Verified Q&A on Macromolecules, Cells, Enzymes, Immunity, Photosynthesis, Viruses & HIV

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This in-depth Biology 100 exam guide for the 2025/2026 academic year features over 120 verified questions and accurate answers. Topics include scientific method basics, macromolecules (proteins, lipids, nucleic acids), enzyme activity, cell structures and transport, ATP and energy systems, photosynthesis, cellular respiration, prokaryotes vs eukaryotes, viruses, HIV, and immune system functions. Ideal for students in life sciences, health sciences, pre-med, pre-nursing, or general biology courses seeking clear and tested material for midterms, finals, or foundational reviews. Keywords: macromolecules, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, enzyme function, cell theory, plasma membrane, active transport, osmosis, chloroplasts, mitochondria, photosynthesis, ATP cycle, virus replication, HIV stages, immune system, antibodies, B cells, T cells, cytokines, autoimmune diseases, biology exam prep

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Biology 100 2025/2026 Exam Questions
and Answers 100% Guaranteed Success
| Already Rated A+



What is biology? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔The study of life


Treatment - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Any experimental condition applied to research

subjects


Experimental Group - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔People receiving treatment


Control Group - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔People not getting the treatment (placebo)


Variables - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Parts of an experiment that can change


Blind studies - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔People don't know if they are receiving treatment


Double Blind Studies - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Neither people nor doctor know who is

receiving treatment


Bar Graph, line graph, pie chart - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Bar: Compare group averages

between categories


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,Line: Trend of Correlation between continuous variables

Pie: Proportion of a whole or percentage


Carbohydrates - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Function: Fuel for the cells- store potential

energy, easily broken down

Ex:


Lipids - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Function: Store energy, insulate, membrane formation,

regulate growth and development- Hydrophobic: water fearing

Ex: Fats, sterols, phospholipids


Proteins - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Function: Perform vital functions, made up of amino

acids

Ex: Enzymes: initiate or speed up reactions


Nucleic Acids - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Function: Information storage for what is used to

build proteins

Ex:


Monosaccharides - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔1 simple sugar


Disaccharides - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔2 simple sugars bonded together


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, Polysaccharides - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Complex simple sugars bonded together (2 or

more)


Fats - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Evergy storage, glycerol head, fatty acid tail


Sterols - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔4 focused carbon rings


Phospholipids - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Main component of the cell membrane,

hydropholic head and fatty acid tail


Cholesterol - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Important component of cell membranes in animals

that attach and thicken vessel walls


Steroid Hormones, Synthetic hormones - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Regulate sexual

development, maturation, sex cell production. Synthetic ones are variants of

testosterone that look and act like testosterone but have dangerous effects


Amino Acids - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Make up proteins. There are 20 of them


4 levels of Protein Folding - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Primary: amino acids are placed into

a chain (polypeptide)

Secondary: Polypeptide begins folding into a double helix/cork like screws

Tertiary: 3D shape forms



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