NURS 620 Maryville Exam 2 Questions
And Correct Verified Answers Latest
Update 2025 A+ For Success
If goal not met for HTN in a month of treatment then what? - correct answersIncrease
the intital dose of drug or add a second agent, if goal not achieved with 2 agents
consider a 3rd agent.
When HTN treatment is initiated or dose changed when should patient follow up -
correct answers2-4 weeks, then once goal has achieved every 3-6 months.
Diagnostic workup for HTN - correct answersHistory- any symptoms?
Physical examination
What are their risk factors? - family history, smoking, drinking, sedentary lifestyle.
Labs: BMP, CBC, UA, CMP, TSH, Lipid profile, ECG
need to know kidney function, electrolytes, are they spilling protein in their urine.
Work up for secondary causes of HTN - correct answersCushings- need a 24 hour urine
Coarctation of the aorta- CXR
Pheochromocytoma- 24 hour urine
Primary hyperaldosteronism
Renovascular hypertension- Renal arterogram, ultrasound of kidneys
Resistant Hypertension - correct answersfailure to reach goal BP in patients who are
taking full doses of an appropriate three-drug therapy regimen that includes a diuretic
needs referral to cardiologist
Causes of resistant HTN - correct answers1) Improper BP measurement
2) Excess Na+ intake
3) Inadequate diuretic Tx
4) Med issues such as inadequate doses, drug actions and interactions (e.g. NSAIDs,
illicit drugs, sympathomimetics, OCPs), or OTC drugs and herbals
5) Excess EtOH intake
6) Underlying ID causes of HTN (2ndary)
7) White coat hypertension
Complications of HTN - correct answersLeft ventricular hypertrophy
,Heart failure
Ischemic Stroke
Intracerebral hemmorage
Ischemic heart disease
CKD, ESRD
Signs of target organ damage in Hypertension - correct answersHeadaches
vision changes
papillary edema
change in mental status
s/s heart failure
hematuria, proteinuria, elevated creatinine
Dyslipidemia-->
Desirable/optimal serum lipid levels ****** - correct answersTotal cholesterol: less than
200mg/dl
Triglycerides: less than 150mg/dl
HDL: women greater than 45, men greater than 40, cardio protective is greater than 60
LDL: less than 100, DM 50-70
Screening for hyperlipidemia - correct answersHigh Risk-
• More than 1 risk factor
- HTN, Smoking, Family hx
• Single risk factor that is severe
- i.e. siblings w/ CAD at a young age
- Very heavy smoking history
• Start screening at age 25 for men, age 35 for women
• Repeat screening every 3 years
Low Risk-
• In the general population, guidelines indicate screening based on sex and age
• Males - age 35
• Females - age 45
• Rescreening recommended every 5 years
symptoms of hyperlipidemia - correct answersA person with hyperlipidemia usually has
no signs or symptoms. In familial, or inherited, hyperlipidemia, there may be yellowish
fatty growths around the eyes or the joints. Hyperlipidemia is usually detected during a
routine blood test, or following a cardiovascular event, such as a heart attack or stroke.
How to manage hyperlipidemia - correct answers• Therapy should be initiated when a
patient's 10-year risk for a first atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) event is
7.5%
• This calculator can be found at
- http://tools.cardiosource.org/ASCVD-Risk-Estimator/
, When would you initiate drug therapy for high cholesterol according to lab results? -
correct answers• Therapy should be initiated when a patient's 10-year risk for a first
atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) event is 7.5%
Drug therapy for hyperlipidemia - correct answers• HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors -
STATINS
• Non-statin therapy - no longer recommended
- Bile acid sequestrates
- Niacin
- Gemfibrozil - trigs
- Fenofibrate - trigs
- Fish oils - trigs
- Ezetimibe (Zetia)
Statins-
• Rovastatin - Crestor
• Atorvastatin - Lipitor
• Simvastatin - Zocor
• Pravastatin - Pravachol
• Lovastatin
• Fluvastatin
Rechecking labs for hyperlipidemia - correct answers• LDL-C response at 6 weeks after
initiating therapy
• Every 6 to 12 months thereafter may be helpful in assessing medication adherence.
• No need to monitor the LDL-C response to therapy other than to assess adherence,
since we do not suggest intensifying the regimen for any particular level of LDL-C
response
Coranary Artery Disease (CAD) - correct answerscaused by plaque formation of cornary
arteries, leads to restricted blood flow to the heart tissue.
Angina vs MI - correct answersRestricted blood flow to the heart that causes chest pain
MI- obstruction within a coronary artery or arteries that blocks flow to the head resulting
in inadequate blood supply to epicardium.
Non-modifiable risk factors for CAD - correct answersage (increased), gender (male),
ethnicity (African american), family history, genetics
Modifiable risk factors for CAD - correct answersSmoking
HTN
DM
obesity
diet
activity level
And Correct Verified Answers Latest
Update 2025 A+ For Success
If goal not met for HTN in a month of treatment then what? - correct answersIncrease
the intital dose of drug or add a second agent, if goal not achieved with 2 agents
consider a 3rd agent.
When HTN treatment is initiated or dose changed when should patient follow up -
correct answers2-4 weeks, then once goal has achieved every 3-6 months.
Diagnostic workup for HTN - correct answersHistory- any symptoms?
Physical examination
What are their risk factors? - family history, smoking, drinking, sedentary lifestyle.
Labs: BMP, CBC, UA, CMP, TSH, Lipid profile, ECG
need to know kidney function, electrolytes, are they spilling protein in their urine.
Work up for secondary causes of HTN - correct answersCushings- need a 24 hour urine
Coarctation of the aorta- CXR
Pheochromocytoma- 24 hour urine
Primary hyperaldosteronism
Renovascular hypertension- Renal arterogram, ultrasound of kidneys
Resistant Hypertension - correct answersfailure to reach goal BP in patients who are
taking full doses of an appropriate three-drug therapy regimen that includes a diuretic
needs referral to cardiologist
Causes of resistant HTN - correct answers1) Improper BP measurement
2) Excess Na+ intake
3) Inadequate diuretic Tx
4) Med issues such as inadequate doses, drug actions and interactions (e.g. NSAIDs,
illicit drugs, sympathomimetics, OCPs), or OTC drugs and herbals
5) Excess EtOH intake
6) Underlying ID causes of HTN (2ndary)
7) White coat hypertension
Complications of HTN - correct answersLeft ventricular hypertrophy
,Heart failure
Ischemic Stroke
Intracerebral hemmorage
Ischemic heart disease
CKD, ESRD
Signs of target organ damage in Hypertension - correct answersHeadaches
vision changes
papillary edema
change in mental status
s/s heart failure
hematuria, proteinuria, elevated creatinine
Dyslipidemia-->
Desirable/optimal serum lipid levels ****** - correct answersTotal cholesterol: less than
200mg/dl
Triglycerides: less than 150mg/dl
HDL: women greater than 45, men greater than 40, cardio protective is greater than 60
LDL: less than 100, DM 50-70
Screening for hyperlipidemia - correct answersHigh Risk-
• More than 1 risk factor
- HTN, Smoking, Family hx
• Single risk factor that is severe
- i.e. siblings w/ CAD at a young age
- Very heavy smoking history
• Start screening at age 25 for men, age 35 for women
• Repeat screening every 3 years
Low Risk-
• In the general population, guidelines indicate screening based on sex and age
• Males - age 35
• Females - age 45
• Rescreening recommended every 5 years
symptoms of hyperlipidemia - correct answersA person with hyperlipidemia usually has
no signs or symptoms. In familial, or inherited, hyperlipidemia, there may be yellowish
fatty growths around the eyes or the joints. Hyperlipidemia is usually detected during a
routine blood test, or following a cardiovascular event, such as a heart attack or stroke.
How to manage hyperlipidemia - correct answers• Therapy should be initiated when a
patient's 10-year risk for a first atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) event is
7.5%
• This calculator can be found at
- http://tools.cardiosource.org/ASCVD-Risk-Estimator/
, When would you initiate drug therapy for high cholesterol according to lab results? -
correct answers• Therapy should be initiated when a patient's 10-year risk for a first
atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) event is 7.5%
Drug therapy for hyperlipidemia - correct answers• HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors -
STATINS
• Non-statin therapy - no longer recommended
- Bile acid sequestrates
- Niacin
- Gemfibrozil - trigs
- Fenofibrate - trigs
- Fish oils - trigs
- Ezetimibe (Zetia)
Statins-
• Rovastatin - Crestor
• Atorvastatin - Lipitor
• Simvastatin - Zocor
• Pravastatin - Pravachol
• Lovastatin
• Fluvastatin
Rechecking labs for hyperlipidemia - correct answers• LDL-C response at 6 weeks after
initiating therapy
• Every 6 to 12 months thereafter may be helpful in assessing medication adherence.
• No need to monitor the LDL-C response to therapy other than to assess adherence,
since we do not suggest intensifying the regimen for any particular level of LDL-C
response
Coranary Artery Disease (CAD) - correct answerscaused by plaque formation of cornary
arteries, leads to restricted blood flow to the heart tissue.
Angina vs MI - correct answersRestricted blood flow to the heart that causes chest pain
MI- obstruction within a coronary artery or arteries that blocks flow to the head resulting
in inadequate blood supply to epicardium.
Non-modifiable risk factors for CAD - correct answersage (increased), gender (male),
ethnicity (African american), family history, genetics
Modifiable risk factors for CAD - correct answersSmoking
HTN
DM
obesity
diet
activity level
