LETC CONSTITUTIONAL LAW EXAM
2025 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Unitary System - ANS Most prevalent in the world today. Almost all power is held at the
national level
Confederate System - ANS Least common system (Opposite of Unitary System). Political
subdivisions such as states hold the majority of power. Very little power is held at the national
level
Federal System - ANS Both national government & political subdivisions hold significant
power. Current system of government in the US
Federalism in the US (History) - ANS No taxation without representation
The First Continental Congress (1774) - ANS Colonists establish their own alternative
government
Continental Army (1775) - ANS Established by the Patriots
Declaration of Independence (1776) - ANS Declared by the Continental Congress
Articles of Confederation (1781) - ANS Ratified by the 13 states
- Named: "The United States of America"
1 Copyright ©2025 THESTAR ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
,- Established an extremely limited "Federal Government"
- States are "Sovereigns" & as such retain all the power not expressly delegated to the federal
government - ANS Articles of Confederation (1781) Continuation
End of Confederate Government (1789) - ANS US Constitution went into effect & First
session of "Congress" began
- Wage War
- Conduct foreign & commercial relations
- Enter Treaties
- Settle disputes between states
- Appoint a "President of Congress"
- Request money from the states (no tax power) - ANS Congress May (Federalism in US)
Constitution & Modern Federalism - ANS The federal government is solely vested with the
powers specifically enumerated in the "Articles" of Constitution
- Wage War
- Tax & Spend
- Regulate Interstate Commerce - ANS Powers specifically enumerated in the Articles of the
Constitution
Necessary & Proper Clause - ANS The federal government can place into execution helpful
means to carry out these enumerated powers
No & on the state level - ANS Is there any general "Federal Police Power? Where is the
general police power reserved too?
- Military (UCMJ)
2 Copyright ©2025 THESTAR ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, - Indian Reservations
- Land (VA Property)
- D.C. - ANS Federal Police Power (MILD)
Republican Government (US) - ANS Establishes a republican form of government (as opposed
to a direct democracy)
Article 1 - ANS Legislative Branch (Makes Laws)
Article 2 - ANS Executive Branch (Enforces Laws)
Article 3 - ANS Judicial Branch (Interprets Law)
Article 4 - ANS Relationship between each states & the others, as well as between the
"STATES & THE FEDS"
Full Faith & Credit - ANS Each state must recognize the laws, records & judicial proceedings
of every other state
Admissions - ANS Congress may admit new states
Article 5 - ANS Describes the process by which the Constitution may be amended
Article 6 - ANS "The Supremacy Clause" federal laws preempts state law
Article 7 - ANS Established the method by which the original states could "ratify" the
Constitution
3 Copyright ©2025 THESTAR ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
2025 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Unitary System - ANS Most prevalent in the world today. Almost all power is held at the
national level
Confederate System - ANS Least common system (Opposite of Unitary System). Political
subdivisions such as states hold the majority of power. Very little power is held at the national
level
Federal System - ANS Both national government & political subdivisions hold significant
power. Current system of government in the US
Federalism in the US (History) - ANS No taxation without representation
The First Continental Congress (1774) - ANS Colonists establish their own alternative
government
Continental Army (1775) - ANS Established by the Patriots
Declaration of Independence (1776) - ANS Declared by the Continental Congress
Articles of Confederation (1781) - ANS Ratified by the 13 states
- Named: "The United States of America"
1 Copyright ©2025 THESTAR ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
,- Established an extremely limited "Federal Government"
- States are "Sovereigns" & as such retain all the power not expressly delegated to the federal
government - ANS Articles of Confederation (1781) Continuation
End of Confederate Government (1789) - ANS US Constitution went into effect & First
session of "Congress" began
- Wage War
- Conduct foreign & commercial relations
- Enter Treaties
- Settle disputes between states
- Appoint a "President of Congress"
- Request money from the states (no tax power) - ANS Congress May (Federalism in US)
Constitution & Modern Federalism - ANS The federal government is solely vested with the
powers specifically enumerated in the "Articles" of Constitution
- Wage War
- Tax & Spend
- Regulate Interstate Commerce - ANS Powers specifically enumerated in the Articles of the
Constitution
Necessary & Proper Clause - ANS The federal government can place into execution helpful
means to carry out these enumerated powers
No & on the state level - ANS Is there any general "Federal Police Power? Where is the
general police power reserved too?
- Military (UCMJ)
2 Copyright ©2025 THESTAR ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, - Indian Reservations
- Land (VA Property)
- D.C. - ANS Federal Police Power (MILD)
Republican Government (US) - ANS Establishes a republican form of government (as opposed
to a direct democracy)
Article 1 - ANS Legislative Branch (Makes Laws)
Article 2 - ANS Executive Branch (Enforces Laws)
Article 3 - ANS Judicial Branch (Interprets Law)
Article 4 - ANS Relationship between each states & the others, as well as between the
"STATES & THE FEDS"
Full Faith & Credit - ANS Each state must recognize the laws, records & judicial proceedings
of every other state
Admissions - ANS Congress may admit new states
Article 5 - ANS Describes the process by which the Constitution may be amended
Article 6 - ANS "The Supremacy Clause" federal laws preempts state law
Article 7 - ANS Established the method by which the original states could "ratify" the
Constitution
3 Copyright ©2025 THESTAR ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
