Pediatric FNP Fitzgerald Exam Questions
And Answers
1. Which of the following is appropriate advice to give to a mother
who is breastfeeding her 10-day-old infant? A. "Your milk will come
in today." B. "To minimize breast tenderness, the baby should not
be kept on either breast for more than 5 to 10 minutes."
C. "A clicking sound made by the baby during feedings signifies a
good latch and suck." D. "The baby's urine should be light or
colorless." -
correct answer ✅1. Correct: D. "The baby's urine should be light or
colorless." Urine that is light and colorless is a good indication that
the baby is well hydrated and feeding sufficiently (D). Incorrect: The
transition from colostrum to mature milk typically occurs between
days 2 to 5 after childbirth and not 10 days after birth (A). Proper
breastfeeding of the newborn should have a minimum of 10
minutes on each breast every 1.5 to 3 hours (B). A clicking sound
made during nursing would indicate an improper latch (C).
2. Which of the following is appropriate advice to give to a mother
who is breastfeeding her 12-hour-old infant? A. "You will likely have
enough milk to feed the baby within a few hours of birth." B. "The
baby might need to be awakened to be fed." C. "Supplemental
feeding is needed unless the baby has at least four wet diapers in
the first day of life." D. "The baby will likely have a seedy, yellow
bowel movement today." -
correct answer ✅2. Correct: B. "The baby might need to be
,Pediatric FNP Fitzgerald Exam Questions
And Answers
awakened to be fed." A newborn who is breastfed should feed
every 1.5 to 3 hours (about 8 to 12 times per day), which may
require waking the baby to ensure adequate feeding (B). Incorrect:
The transition from colostrum to mature milk typically occurs
between days 2 and 5 after childbirth (A). However, supplemental
feeding with formula or dextrose and water should be avoided as
this will interfere with the baby's hunger drive to breastfeed and
can delay or reduce production of breast milk (C). The first bowel
movements of the newborn consist of meconium, which is a thick,
black or dark green substance that eventually transitions to a
yellow-green stool (D).
3. Compared with the use of infant formula, advantages for the
breastfed baby include all of the following except: A. lower
incidence of diarrheal illness. B. greater weight gain in the first few
weeks of life. C. reduced risk of allergic disorders. D. lower
occurrence of constipation. -
correct answer ✅3. Correct: B. greater weight gain in the first few
weeks of life. Newborns that are formula-fed typically have greater
weight gain during the first few weeks of life when compared to
breastfed babies (B). However, the overall benefits of breastfeeding
far outweigh this small difference in weight gain, and this likely
represents excessive weight gain. Incorrect: Breastfeeding offers
several benefits to the newborn as it provides the ideal form of
nutrition and transfers the mother's antibodies to the infant to help
,Pediatric FNP Fitzgerald Exam Questions
And Answers
prevent disease. Breastfed infants have been shown to have a lower
incidence of diarrheal illness (A), a lower risk of allergic disorders
(C), and a lower occurrence of constipation (D).
4. At 3 weeks of age, the average-weight, formula-fed infant should
be expected to take: A. 2 to 3 oz, or 60 to 90 mL, every 2 to 3 hours.
B. 2 to 3 oz, or 60 to 90 mL, every 3 to 4 hours. C. 3 to 4 oz, or 90 to
118 mL, every 2 to 3 hours. D. 3 to 4 oz, or 90 to 118 mL, every 3 to
4 hours. -
correct answer ✅4. Correct: A. 2 to 3 oz, or 60 to 90 mL, every 2 to
3 hours. During the first month of life, a formula-fed infant should
be expected to consume 2 to 3 oz of formula every 2 to 3 hours (A).
For breastfed infants, feeding should occur at least 10 minutes on
each breast every 1.5 to 3 hours. Incorrect: A newborn infant that is
formula-fed should be fed approximately every 2 to 3 hours (B, D)
and would expect to take 2 to 3 oz at each feeding (C).
5. In infants, solid foods are best introduced no earlier than: A. 1 to
3 months. B. 3 to 5 months. C. 4 to 6 months. D. 6 to 8 months. -
correct answer ✅5. Correct: C. 4 to 6 months. Solid foods should
not be introduced to infants earlier than 4 to 6 months of age (C).
The infant should have at least doubled the birth weight and
consume at least 32 oz of formula per day or more than 8 to 10
feedings (breast or bottle) per day. Other signs would include being
, Pediatric FNP Fitzgerald Exam Questions
And Answers
able to sit upright with little support, having good head control, and
opening the mouth and leaning forward when food is offered.
Incorrect: The introduction of solid foods should wait until at least 4
to 6 months of age (A, B) as certain developmental milestones are
needed to be reached. Waiting up to 6 to 8 months is not needed
for most infants (D).
6. Nursing infants generally maximally receive about which
percentage of the maternal dose of a drug? A. 1% B. 3% C. 5% D.
10% -
correct answer ✅6. Correct: A. 1% When a nursing mother takes a
medication, the nursing infant typically receives 1% or less of the
maternal dose of medication from breast milk (A). Generally, if a
medication is safe to give to a child, then it is safe to prescribe to a
nursing mother. Only a few drugs are contraindicated in nursing
mothers. Incorrect: Only 1% or less of a medication taken by a
nursing mother will pass to the infant while nursing (B, C, D).
7. Most drugs pass into breast milk through: A. active transport. B.
facilitated transfer. C. simple diffusion. D. creation of a pH gradient.
-
correct answer ✅7. Correct: C. simple diffusion. Most drugs pass
into breast milk through simple diffusion, moving from areas of
high concentration to low concentration (C). For this reason, the
And Answers
1. Which of the following is appropriate advice to give to a mother
who is breastfeeding her 10-day-old infant? A. "Your milk will come
in today." B. "To minimize breast tenderness, the baby should not
be kept on either breast for more than 5 to 10 minutes."
C. "A clicking sound made by the baby during feedings signifies a
good latch and suck." D. "The baby's urine should be light or
colorless." -
correct answer ✅1. Correct: D. "The baby's urine should be light or
colorless." Urine that is light and colorless is a good indication that
the baby is well hydrated and feeding sufficiently (D). Incorrect: The
transition from colostrum to mature milk typically occurs between
days 2 to 5 after childbirth and not 10 days after birth (A). Proper
breastfeeding of the newborn should have a minimum of 10
minutes on each breast every 1.5 to 3 hours (B). A clicking sound
made during nursing would indicate an improper latch (C).
2. Which of the following is appropriate advice to give to a mother
who is breastfeeding her 12-hour-old infant? A. "You will likely have
enough milk to feed the baby within a few hours of birth." B. "The
baby might need to be awakened to be fed." C. "Supplemental
feeding is needed unless the baby has at least four wet diapers in
the first day of life." D. "The baby will likely have a seedy, yellow
bowel movement today." -
correct answer ✅2. Correct: B. "The baby might need to be
,Pediatric FNP Fitzgerald Exam Questions
And Answers
awakened to be fed." A newborn who is breastfed should feed
every 1.5 to 3 hours (about 8 to 12 times per day), which may
require waking the baby to ensure adequate feeding (B). Incorrect:
The transition from colostrum to mature milk typically occurs
between days 2 and 5 after childbirth (A). However, supplemental
feeding with formula or dextrose and water should be avoided as
this will interfere with the baby's hunger drive to breastfeed and
can delay or reduce production of breast milk (C). The first bowel
movements of the newborn consist of meconium, which is a thick,
black or dark green substance that eventually transitions to a
yellow-green stool (D).
3. Compared with the use of infant formula, advantages for the
breastfed baby include all of the following except: A. lower
incidence of diarrheal illness. B. greater weight gain in the first few
weeks of life. C. reduced risk of allergic disorders. D. lower
occurrence of constipation. -
correct answer ✅3. Correct: B. greater weight gain in the first few
weeks of life. Newborns that are formula-fed typically have greater
weight gain during the first few weeks of life when compared to
breastfed babies (B). However, the overall benefits of breastfeeding
far outweigh this small difference in weight gain, and this likely
represents excessive weight gain. Incorrect: Breastfeeding offers
several benefits to the newborn as it provides the ideal form of
nutrition and transfers the mother's antibodies to the infant to help
,Pediatric FNP Fitzgerald Exam Questions
And Answers
prevent disease. Breastfed infants have been shown to have a lower
incidence of diarrheal illness (A), a lower risk of allergic disorders
(C), and a lower occurrence of constipation (D).
4. At 3 weeks of age, the average-weight, formula-fed infant should
be expected to take: A. 2 to 3 oz, or 60 to 90 mL, every 2 to 3 hours.
B. 2 to 3 oz, or 60 to 90 mL, every 3 to 4 hours. C. 3 to 4 oz, or 90 to
118 mL, every 2 to 3 hours. D. 3 to 4 oz, or 90 to 118 mL, every 3 to
4 hours. -
correct answer ✅4. Correct: A. 2 to 3 oz, or 60 to 90 mL, every 2 to
3 hours. During the first month of life, a formula-fed infant should
be expected to consume 2 to 3 oz of formula every 2 to 3 hours (A).
For breastfed infants, feeding should occur at least 10 minutes on
each breast every 1.5 to 3 hours. Incorrect: A newborn infant that is
formula-fed should be fed approximately every 2 to 3 hours (B, D)
and would expect to take 2 to 3 oz at each feeding (C).
5. In infants, solid foods are best introduced no earlier than: A. 1 to
3 months. B. 3 to 5 months. C. 4 to 6 months. D. 6 to 8 months. -
correct answer ✅5. Correct: C. 4 to 6 months. Solid foods should
not be introduced to infants earlier than 4 to 6 months of age (C).
The infant should have at least doubled the birth weight and
consume at least 32 oz of formula per day or more than 8 to 10
feedings (breast or bottle) per day. Other signs would include being
, Pediatric FNP Fitzgerald Exam Questions
And Answers
able to sit upright with little support, having good head control, and
opening the mouth and leaning forward when food is offered.
Incorrect: The introduction of solid foods should wait until at least 4
to 6 months of age (A, B) as certain developmental milestones are
needed to be reached. Waiting up to 6 to 8 months is not needed
for most infants (D).
6. Nursing infants generally maximally receive about which
percentage of the maternal dose of a drug? A. 1% B. 3% C. 5% D.
10% -
correct answer ✅6. Correct: A. 1% When a nursing mother takes a
medication, the nursing infant typically receives 1% or less of the
maternal dose of medication from breast milk (A). Generally, if a
medication is safe to give to a child, then it is safe to prescribe to a
nursing mother. Only a few drugs are contraindicated in nursing
mothers. Incorrect: Only 1% or less of a medication taken by a
nursing mother will pass to the infant while nursing (B, C, D).
7. Most drugs pass into breast milk through: A. active transport. B.
facilitated transfer. C. simple diffusion. D. creation of a pH gradient.
-
correct answer ✅7. Correct: C. simple diffusion. Most drugs pass
into breast milk through simple diffusion, moving from areas of
high concentration to low concentration (C). For this reason, the
