with Answers Graded A+
Accommodation - -A style of dealing
with conflict involving cooperation on behalf
of the other party but not being assertive Affective conflict - -Emotional
about one's own interests disagreement directed toward other people
Accountability - -The expectation that Affiliate model - -Charging fees to
employees will perform a job, take corrective direct site visitors to other companies' sites
action when necessary, and report upward
on the status and quality of their
performance Affirmative action - -Special efforts to
recruit and hire qualified members of groups
that have been discriminated against in the
Accounting audits - -Procedures used past
to verify accounting reports and statements
After-action review - -A frank and open-
Acquisition - -One firm buying another minded discussion of four basic questions
aimed at continuous improvement
Activity-based costing (ABC) - -A
method of cost accounting designed to Alderfer's ERG theory - -A human needs
identify streams of activity and then to theory postulating that people have three
allocate costs across particular business basic sets of needs that can operate
processes according to the amount of time simultaneously (Existence, Relatedness and
employees devote to particular activities Growth)
Adapters - -Companies that take the Arbitration - -The use of a neutral third
current industry structure and its evolution as party to resolve a labor dispute
givens, and choose where to compete
Assessment center - -A managerial
Adverse impact - -When a seemingly performance test in which candidates
neutral employment practice has a participate in a variety of exercises and
disproportionately negative effect on a situations
protected group
Assets - -The values of the various
Advertising support model - -Charging items the corporation owns
fees to advertise on a site
, WGU C483 - Principles of Management Test Questions
with Answers Graded A+
prevent new companies from entering an
Authentic leadership - -A style in which industry
the leader is true to himself or herself while
leading
Behavioral approach - -A leadership
perspective that attempts to identify what
Authority - -The legitimate right to good leaders do—that is, what behaviors they
make decisions and to tell other people what exhibit
to do
Benchmarking - -The process of
Autocratic leadership - -A form of comparing an organization's practices and
leadership in which the leader makes technologies with those of other companies
decisions on his or her own and then
announces those decisions to the group
Bootlegging - -Informal work on
projects, other than those officially assigned,
Autonomous work groups - -Groups of employees' own choosing and initiative
that control decisions about and execution of
a complete range of tasks
Boundaryless organization - -
Organization in which there are no barriers to
Avoidance - -A reaction to conflict that information flow
involves ignoring the problem by doing
nothing at all or deemphasizing the
disagreement Boundary-spanning - -Interacting with
people in other groups, thus creating linkages
between groups
Balanced scorecard - -Control system
combining four sets of performance
measures: financial, customer, business Bounded rationality - -A less-than-
process, and learning and growth perfect form of rationality in which decision
makers cannot be perfectly rational because
decisions are complex and complete
Balance sheet - -A report that shows information is unavailable or cannot be fully
the financial picture of a company at a given processed
time and itemizes assets, liabilities, and
stockholders' equity
Brainstorming - -A process in which
group members generate as many ideas
Barriers to entry - -Conditions that about a problem as they can; criticism is
, WGU C483 - Principles of Management Test Questions
with Answers Graded A+
withheld until all ideas have been proposed starting it
Broker - -A person who assembles and Business strategy - -The major actions
coordinates participants in a network by which a business competes in a particular
industry or market
Budgeting - -The process of
investigating what is being done and Cafeteria benefit program - -An
comparing the results with the corresponding employee benefit program in which
budget data to verify accomplishments or employees choose from a menu of options to
remedy differences; also called budgetary create a benefit package tailored to their
controlling needs
Buffering - -Creating supplies of excess Carbon footprint - -The output of
resources in case of unpredictable needs carbon dioxide and other greenhouses gases
Bureaucratic control - -The use of Caux Principles - -Ethical principles
rules, regulations, and authority to guide established by international executives based
performance in Caux, Switzerland, in collaboration with
business leaders from Japan, Europe, and the
United States
Business accelerators - -Organization
that provides support and advice to help
young businesses grow Centralized organization - -An
organization in which high-level executives
make most decisions and pass them down to
Business ethics - -The moral principles lower levels for implementation
and standards that guide behavior in the
world of business
Certainty - -The state that exists when
decision makers have accurate and
Business incubators - -Protected comprehensive information
environments for new, small businesses
Charismatic leader - -A person who is
Business plan - -A formal planning step dominant, self-confident, convinced of the
that focuses on the entire venture and moral righteousness of his or her beliefs, and
describes all the elements involved in able to arouse a sense of excitement and