NMNC 3210 EXAM 2 REVIEW QUESTIONS
What indicates to the nurse that a patient with AKI is in the recovery phase?
a. A return to normal weight
b. A urine output of 3700 mL/day
c. Decreasing sodium and potassium levels
d. Decreasing blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels - Answers - d.
Decreasing blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels
While caring for the patient in the oliguric phase of AKI, the nurse monitors the patient
for associated collaborative problems. When should the nurse notify the health care
provider (HCP)?
a. Urine output is 300 mL/day.
b. Edema occurs in the feet, legs, and sacral area.
c. Cardiac monitor reveals a depressed T wave and elevated ST segment.
d. The patient develops increasing muscle weakness and abdominal cramping. -
Answers - d. The patient develops increasing muscle weakness and abdominal
cramping.
In replying to a patient's questions about the seriousness of her chronic kidney disease
(CKD), the nurse knows that the stage of CKD is based on what?
a. Total daily urine output
b. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
c. Degree of altered mental status
d. Serum creatinine and urea levels - Answers - b. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
Which serum laboratory value indicates to the nurse that the patient's CKD is getting
worse?
a. Decreased BUN
b. Decreased sodium
c. Decreased creatinine
d. Decreased calculated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) - Answers - d. Decreased
calculated glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
What is the most serious electrolyte disorder associated with kidney disease?
a. Hypocalcemia
b. Hyperkalemia
c. Hyponatremia
d. Hypermagnesemia - Answers - b. Hyperkalemia
A man with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is scheduled for HD following healing of an
arteriovenous fistula (AVF). What should the nurse explain to him that will occur during
dialysis?
a. He will be able to visit, read, sleep, or watch TV while reclining in a chair.
b. He will be placed on a cardiac monitor to detect any adverse effects that may occur.
, c. The dialyzer will remove and hold part of his blood for 20 to 30 minutes to remove the
waste products.
d. A large catheter with 2 lumens will be inserted into the fistula to send blood to and
return it from the dialyzer. - Answers - a. He will be able to visit, read, sleep, or watch
TV while reclining in a chair.
Priority Decision: In instituting a bowel training program for a patient with fecal
incontinence, what should the nurse plan to do first?
a. Teach the patient to use a perianal pouch.
b. Insert a rectal suppository at the same time every morning.
c. Place the patient on a bedpan 30 minutes before breakfast.
d. Assist the patient to the bathroom at the time of the patient's normal defecation. -
Answers - d. Assist the patient to the bathroom at the time of the patient's normal
defecation.
A nurse is doing a nursing assessment on a patient with chronic constipation. What data
obtained during the interview may be a factor contributing to the constipation?
a. Taking methylcellulose (Citrucel) daily
b. High dietary fiber with high fluid intake
c. History of hemorrhoids and hypertension
d. Suppressing the urge to defecate while at work - Answers - d. Suppressing the urge
to defecate while at work
During a routine screening colonoscopy on a 56-year-old patient, a rectosigmoidal polyp
was identified and removed. The patient asks the nurse if his risk for colon cancer is
increased because of the polyp. What is the best response by the nurse?
a. "It is very rare for polyps to become malignant, but you should continue to have
routine colonoscopies."
b. "Individuals with polyps have a 100% lifetime risk of developing colorectal cancer and
at an earlier age than those without polyps."
c. "All polyps are abnormal and should be removed, but the risk for cancer depends on
the type and if malignant changes are present."
d. "All polyps are premalignant and a source of most colon cancer. You will need to
have a colonoscopy every 6 months to check for new polyps." - Answers - c. "All
polyps are abnormal and should be removed, but the risk for cancer depends on the
type and if malignant changes are present."
What stimulates aldosterone secretion from the adrenal cortex?
a. Excessive water intake
b. Increased serum osmolality
c. Decreased serum potassium
d. Decreased sodium and water - Answers - d. Decreased sodium and water
A common collaborative problem related to both hyperkalemia and hypokalemia is
which potential complication?
a. Seizures
What indicates to the nurse that a patient with AKI is in the recovery phase?
a. A return to normal weight
b. A urine output of 3700 mL/day
c. Decreasing sodium and potassium levels
d. Decreasing blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels - Answers - d.
Decreasing blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels
While caring for the patient in the oliguric phase of AKI, the nurse monitors the patient
for associated collaborative problems. When should the nurse notify the health care
provider (HCP)?
a. Urine output is 300 mL/day.
b. Edema occurs in the feet, legs, and sacral area.
c. Cardiac monitor reveals a depressed T wave and elevated ST segment.
d. The patient develops increasing muscle weakness and abdominal cramping. -
Answers - d. The patient develops increasing muscle weakness and abdominal
cramping.
In replying to a patient's questions about the seriousness of her chronic kidney disease
(CKD), the nurse knows that the stage of CKD is based on what?
a. Total daily urine output
b. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
c. Degree of altered mental status
d. Serum creatinine and urea levels - Answers - b. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
Which serum laboratory value indicates to the nurse that the patient's CKD is getting
worse?
a. Decreased BUN
b. Decreased sodium
c. Decreased creatinine
d. Decreased calculated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) - Answers - d. Decreased
calculated glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
What is the most serious electrolyte disorder associated with kidney disease?
a. Hypocalcemia
b. Hyperkalemia
c. Hyponatremia
d. Hypermagnesemia - Answers - b. Hyperkalemia
A man with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is scheduled for HD following healing of an
arteriovenous fistula (AVF). What should the nurse explain to him that will occur during
dialysis?
a. He will be able to visit, read, sleep, or watch TV while reclining in a chair.
b. He will be placed on a cardiac monitor to detect any adverse effects that may occur.
, c. The dialyzer will remove and hold part of his blood for 20 to 30 minutes to remove the
waste products.
d. A large catheter with 2 lumens will be inserted into the fistula to send blood to and
return it from the dialyzer. - Answers - a. He will be able to visit, read, sleep, or watch
TV while reclining in a chair.
Priority Decision: In instituting a bowel training program for a patient with fecal
incontinence, what should the nurse plan to do first?
a. Teach the patient to use a perianal pouch.
b. Insert a rectal suppository at the same time every morning.
c. Place the patient on a bedpan 30 minutes before breakfast.
d. Assist the patient to the bathroom at the time of the patient's normal defecation. -
Answers - d. Assist the patient to the bathroom at the time of the patient's normal
defecation.
A nurse is doing a nursing assessment on a patient with chronic constipation. What data
obtained during the interview may be a factor contributing to the constipation?
a. Taking methylcellulose (Citrucel) daily
b. High dietary fiber with high fluid intake
c. History of hemorrhoids and hypertension
d. Suppressing the urge to defecate while at work - Answers - d. Suppressing the urge
to defecate while at work
During a routine screening colonoscopy on a 56-year-old patient, a rectosigmoidal polyp
was identified and removed. The patient asks the nurse if his risk for colon cancer is
increased because of the polyp. What is the best response by the nurse?
a. "It is very rare for polyps to become malignant, but you should continue to have
routine colonoscopies."
b. "Individuals with polyps have a 100% lifetime risk of developing colorectal cancer and
at an earlier age than those without polyps."
c. "All polyps are abnormal and should be removed, but the risk for cancer depends on
the type and if malignant changes are present."
d. "All polyps are premalignant and a source of most colon cancer. You will need to
have a colonoscopy every 6 months to check for new polyps." - Answers - c. "All
polyps are abnormal and should be removed, but the risk for cancer depends on the
type and if malignant changes are present."
What stimulates aldosterone secretion from the adrenal cortex?
a. Excessive water intake
b. Increased serum osmolality
c. Decreased serum potassium
d. Decreased sodium and water - Answers - d. Decreased sodium and water
A common collaborative problem related to both hyperkalemia and hypokalemia is
which potential complication?
a. Seizures
