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Stroke Mind Map
Student’s Name
Institution
Course Name
Instructor’s Name
Date
, 2
Stroke Mind Map
A stroke occurs due to a broken blood supply to the brain, which causes brain tissue
damage that can turn into a permanent injury if treatment is not given. The medical community
distinguishes two principal forms of strokes: hemorrhagic and ischemic. An ischemic stroke
occurs when a blood vessel blockage in the brain circulation causes brain bleeding, while a
hemorrhagic stroke develops when a blood vessel ruptures.
Pathophysiology of Stroke
A brain region becomes victim to oxygen deprivation from obstructed blood flow during
stroke events, hence developing neuronal tissue damage in the affected zone. Blood flow
disruption activates cellular changes in brain tissues that end with excitatory neurotransmitter
glutamate release, which triggers cellular calcium overload and enzyme activation, which
destroys brain tissue, thus causing death (Salaudeen et al.,2024). The area where the blood flow
stops leads to a process of infarction, but the tissue around this region, called the penumbra, has
the potential for survival with rapid reperfusion. The area at risk lies within this penumbra,
which quick therapeutic interventions can save. Oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis
result in additional brain tissue injuries that lead to secondary brain damage.
Risk Factors for Stroke
The combination of elevated blood pressure with tobacco use and diabetes, elevated
cholesterol, and atrial fibrillation produces stroke development risks. Atherosclerosis develops
due to these factors because this condition represents the main reason behind ischemic strokes.
Widespread high blood pressure results in damaged blood vessels and encourages clot formation
Stroke Mind Map
Student’s Name
Institution
Course Name
Instructor’s Name
Date
, 2
Stroke Mind Map
A stroke occurs due to a broken blood supply to the brain, which causes brain tissue
damage that can turn into a permanent injury if treatment is not given. The medical community
distinguishes two principal forms of strokes: hemorrhagic and ischemic. An ischemic stroke
occurs when a blood vessel blockage in the brain circulation causes brain bleeding, while a
hemorrhagic stroke develops when a blood vessel ruptures.
Pathophysiology of Stroke
A brain region becomes victim to oxygen deprivation from obstructed blood flow during
stroke events, hence developing neuronal tissue damage in the affected zone. Blood flow
disruption activates cellular changes in brain tissues that end with excitatory neurotransmitter
glutamate release, which triggers cellular calcium overload and enzyme activation, which
destroys brain tissue, thus causing death (Salaudeen et al.,2024). The area where the blood flow
stops leads to a process of infarction, but the tissue around this region, called the penumbra, has
the potential for survival with rapid reperfusion. The area at risk lies within this penumbra,
which quick therapeutic interventions can save. Oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis
result in additional brain tissue injuries that lead to secondary brain damage.
Risk Factors for Stroke
The combination of elevated blood pressure with tobacco use and diabetes, elevated
cholesterol, and atrial fibrillation produces stroke development risks. Atherosclerosis develops
due to these factors because this condition represents the main reason behind ischemic strokes.
Widespread high blood pressure results in damaged blood vessels and encourages clot formation
