C180-Introduction to Psychology Exam Questions & Correct Answers

scientific study of the mind and behavior Psychology the nonphysical manifestation of the brain's activity Mind The outwardly observable acts of a person, either alone or in a group. Behavior a school of psychology concerned with analyzing the mind by looking at its smallest and simplest components and seeing how they fit together to form complete experiences. Structuralism the state of being aware of self and the world. consciousness the technique of observing interior mental events as or immediately after they occur introspection A school of thought in psychology that sought to understand how the mind helps individuals adapt to the world around them and function effectively in it. Functionalism the theory that some individual organisms in every species, from ants to oak trees, possess characteristics that enable them to survive and reproduce more fruitfully than others. natural selection inborn characteristics that help an organism survive and produce many offspring. adaptation psychologists who focus on the macro psychology of the behavior of the whole rather than the micro view of the parts Gesalt psychologists items that are similar, our brains group together Gestalt Laws: Similarity reality is organized into the simplest form possible Gestalt laws of pragnanz objects that are close to one another are grouped together. Gestalt Laws: Proximity lines are seen as following the smoothest path. Gestalt Laws: Continuity objects grouped together are seen as a whole. Gestalt Laws: Closure the condition of being unaware of the outside world and unable to bring oneself into awareness at will. unconscious unconscious psychological strategies that protect a person from anxiety based on unacceptable thoughts or feelings. defensive mechanisms A psychological theory that specifies that mental events are engaged in continual push-and-pull interactions among conscious and unconscious thoughts and feelings; the goal is enlightenment on how such interactions affect behavior. psychodynamic theory a school of thought in psychology that assumes people have positive values, free will, and deep inner creativity. humanistic psychology a school of thought in psychology that attempts to characterize mental events that allow information to be stored and operated on internally. cognitive psychology suppressed aggressive drives According to psycho-dynamic psychology, depression is a result of B.F. Skinner Who was a key figure of the behav