Advanced Life Support Final Exam Questions With Accurate
Answers.
what is the difference between a closed and open loop ventilation system. -
accurate answers-closed loop has an inhalation and exhalation. open loop has
only an inspiratory limb with an exhalation valve
what term refers to how much effort the patient has to exert to trigger an
inspiration - accurate answers-trigger mechanism
flow triggering is used in which ventilation modes? - accurate answers-
complete control
which type of triggering has a decreased risk of trauma to patient - accurate
answers-flow triggering
list and define the indications for MAV - accurate answers-respiratory
insufficiency, acute respiratory failure, apnea, refractory hypoxemia W.O.B,
head trauma, severe cases of COPD
a patient who is successful in achieving ventilation and oxygenation, but at
such a physical cost that their ability to maintain their status is short term and
will eventually lead to respiratory failure - accurate answers-respiratory
insufficiency
any condition in which respiratory activity is completely absent or is
inadequate to maintain oxygen reuptake and CO2 clearance - accurate
answers-respiratory failure
what are the goals of MAV - accurate answers-to maintain adequate alveolar
ventilation, reduce W.O.B until cause can be determined, restore acid/bases
balance, increase oxygen
what are the common conditions which can cause respiratory failure -
accurate answers-myasthenia gravis, Guillain-Barre, ALS, drugs, pleura
occupation, chest wall deformities, conditions with increased RAW, interstitial
fibrosis, aspiration
, what are the respiratory causes of respiratory failure - accurate answers-
tachypnea, dyspnea, paleness/cyanosis
what are the cardiovascular causes of respiratory failure - accurate answers-
tachycardia/bradycardia, hypertension/hypotension, vasoconstriction, and
arrhythmias
what are the neurological causes of respiratory failure - accurate answers-
restlessness, disorientation, headache, lassitude, somnolence, confusion,
delirium, blurred/tunnel vision
what are the ventilatory values association with the need for MAV? - accurate
answers-<8 and >35bpm, Vt <5ml/kg, VC <15mmHg, NIF/MIP -20 - 0, MEP
<40, PEFR 75-100, CO2 >55mmHg, pH <7.25, Vd,Vt >0.6
what are the oxygenation values indicative of the need for MAV? - accurate
answers-PaO2 <70 on O2 > 0.6, A-a gradient >450 on O2, PaO2/PAO2 < 0.15,
PaO2/FiO2 <200
what ventilator mode would you put a patient with restrictive lung disease or
inconsistent breathing patterns on - accurate answers-volume control or
PRVC depending on patients ability to maintain consistency in their breathing
what mode woud you put patients with obstructive lung disease on - accurate
answers-pressure ventilation
what setting allows the ventilator to compensate for loss of volume along the
length of the circuit - accurate answers-automatic tube compliance (ATC)
what is the purpose of Sigh - accurate answers-lung recruitment
what is the purpose of an inspiratory hold on a ventilator and what are the
restriction - accurate answers-measures plateau pressure and should not be
used in pressure modes
what are the physiological consequences of a Sigh? - accurate answers-
overdestention, hyperventilation, and volutrauma
Answers.
what is the difference between a closed and open loop ventilation system. -
accurate answers-closed loop has an inhalation and exhalation. open loop has
only an inspiratory limb with an exhalation valve
what term refers to how much effort the patient has to exert to trigger an
inspiration - accurate answers-trigger mechanism
flow triggering is used in which ventilation modes? - accurate answers-
complete control
which type of triggering has a decreased risk of trauma to patient - accurate
answers-flow triggering
list and define the indications for MAV - accurate answers-respiratory
insufficiency, acute respiratory failure, apnea, refractory hypoxemia W.O.B,
head trauma, severe cases of COPD
a patient who is successful in achieving ventilation and oxygenation, but at
such a physical cost that their ability to maintain their status is short term and
will eventually lead to respiratory failure - accurate answers-respiratory
insufficiency
any condition in which respiratory activity is completely absent or is
inadequate to maintain oxygen reuptake and CO2 clearance - accurate
answers-respiratory failure
what are the goals of MAV - accurate answers-to maintain adequate alveolar
ventilation, reduce W.O.B until cause can be determined, restore acid/bases
balance, increase oxygen
what are the common conditions which can cause respiratory failure -
accurate answers-myasthenia gravis, Guillain-Barre, ALS, drugs, pleura
occupation, chest wall deformities, conditions with increased RAW, interstitial
fibrosis, aspiration
, what are the respiratory causes of respiratory failure - accurate answers-
tachypnea, dyspnea, paleness/cyanosis
what are the cardiovascular causes of respiratory failure - accurate answers-
tachycardia/bradycardia, hypertension/hypotension, vasoconstriction, and
arrhythmias
what are the neurological causes of respiratory failure - accurate answers-
restlessness, disorientation, headache, lassitude, somnolence, confusion,
delirium, blurred/tunnel vision
what are the ventilatory values association with the need for MAV? - accurate
answers-<8 and >35bpm, Vt <5ml/kg, VC <15mmHg, NIF/MIP -20 - 0, MEP
<40, PEFR 75-100, CO2 >55mmHg, pH <7.25, Vd,Vt >0.6
what are the oxygenation values indicative of the need for MAV? - accurate
answers-PaO2 <70 on O2 > 0.6, A-a gradient >450 on O2, PaO2/PAO2 < 0.15,
PaO2/FiO2 <200
what ventilator mode would you put a patient with restrictive lung disease or
inconsistent breathing patterns on - accurate answers-volume control or
PRVC depending on patients ability to maintain consistency in their breathing
what mode woud you put patients with obstructive lung disease on - accurate
answers-pressure ventilation
what setting allows the ventilator to compensate for loss of volume along the
length of the circuit - accurate answers-automatic tube compliance (ATC)
what is the purpose of Sigh - accurate answers-lung recruitment
what is the purpose of an inspiratory hold on a ventilator and what are the
restriction - accurate answers-measures plateau pressure and should not be
used in pressure modes
what are the physiological consequences of a Sigh? - accurate answers-
overdestention, hyperventilation, and volutrauma
