Community HESI Practice exam 1
**D** - ANS - Skin testing for tuberculosis.
Secondary prevention focuses on health promotion, which includes screening, early detection
and diagnosis of disease. Among migrant families, tuberculosis rates are unusually high and
should be a priority focus for secondary prevention (A). Although (B, C, and D) are important
screenings, the incidence and the risk for spread of tuberculosis is a priority in this population.
\**DDelete** - ANS - Primary prevention.
Primary prevention (A) involves activities that focus on reducing the potential for illness before it
occurs, such as immunizations. Tertiary prevention (B) minimizes the consequences of a
disorder or illness through aggressive management or rehabilitation. Secondary prevention (C)
includes early diagnosis and implementing interventions aimed at a cure or reducing the
progress of a disease. Primary nursing (D) describes a method of nursing management and
nursing care assignments, not a healthcare strategy.
\**Delete** - ANS - African-American ethnicity.
The client's previous history of a LBW infant and the non-modifiable risk factor of ethnicity are
the most important risk factors for this pregnancy because the incidence of (LBW) infants is
twice as high for African-American (B) births than Caucasian births. The modifiable risk factors
of (A, C, and D) are related to infant morbidity, but (B) is most important because it is
non-modifiable.
\**Delete** - ANS - Census data.
Risk management data.
Budgeting process information.
Client-satisfaction surveys.
Changes in the community's demographic data.
Census data (A), risk management data (B), budgeting process information (C), data obtained
from client-satisfaction surveys (E), and changes in the community's demographic data (F)
provide pertinent data for planning for the current and future healthcare needs of the community.
Available workforce (D), although a concern, is not a factor in quality-assurance directives.
\**Delete** - ANS - Conduct a windshield survey of the geographic areas served by the school
The windshield survey (the nurse drives through neighborhoods viewing homes, stores,
churches, air quality, etc.) (D) gives the nurse the best initial overview of the children and a
sense of their community. (A, B, and C) provide information about some of the children and
parents, but are not as comprehensive as the windshield survey.
\**Delete** - ANS - Impaired physical mobility related to muscle rigidity and weakness.
Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurologic disorder affecting the brain centers that are
responsible for control and regulation of movement. The chief clinical manifestations are
, impaired movement, muscular rigidity, resting tremor, muscle weakness, and loss of postural
reflexes (A). Depression and dysfunction are appropriate nursing diagnoses but are not the
primary diagnosis (B). Client's with Parkinson's usually do not experience (C or D).
\**Delete** - ANS - Malaria following exposure in a mosquito-infested area.
Malaria contracted from a biting mosquito is an example of a vector-related, indirect
transmission of the disease (C). Indirect transmission of an infectious disease involves the
spread of infection through an intermediate source, such as vehicles, fomites, or vectors. (A, B,
and D) are examples of direct transmission, defined as the spread of an infection through
person-to-person contact and is characterized by portals of exit and entry.
\**Delete** - ANS - Most of the clients are unemployed or disabled.
Access to mass transit may be an issue.
Basic physiologic needs of this population are often unmet.
Correct choices are (A, B, and D). The unemployed or disabled will likely comprise a majority of
this clinic's clients (A); the lack of access to mass transit may affect the population's ability to
keep health care appointments (B); and low-income clients are at risk for basic physiologic
needs being left unmet (D). Most clients are not likely to have health insurance (C) because
they lack the funds to pay the insurance premiums. Homebound status is not a defining
qualification for public assistance, such as Medicaid (E). To state that a low-income population
is more likely to be non-compliant with healthcare recommendations is an example of
stereotyping (F).
\**Delete** - ANS - Suicide risks and prevention.
Primary prevention focuses on health promotion and prevention of injury and illness. Since
suicide is a leading cause of death in adolescents, including (C) is essential. Health screenings
and interventions are designed to increase the probability of early diagnosis and treatment, so
(A, B, and D) are important secondary prevention topics for adolescents.
\**Delete** - ANS - The person, the environment or situation, and health.
Nursing theories serve to describe, explain, predict, or prescribe nursing care measures. Any
science has a domain, which is the view or perspective of the discipline. The elements of
nursing's paradigm direct the activity of the nursing profession, including knowledge
development, philosophy, theory, educational experience, research, practice, and literature
identified with the profession. Nursing identified its domain in a paradigm that includes four
linkages: the person, health, environment/situation, and nursing (A). (B, C, and D) are not
linkages of the domain.
\**Delete** - ANS - The purpose is to rid the body of disease.
Coining, a Vietnamese practice, may produce welt-like swellings from rubbing a coin lengthwise
on oiled skin to rid the body of disease (B). Certain cultural practices that address illness may
be considered abusive by another culture and misunderstood by uninformed professionals. (A,
C, and D) are not correct interpretations.
\**Delete** - ANS - Thinning of the skin with loss of elasticity.
**D** - ANS - Skin testing for tuberculosis.
Secondary prevention focuses on health promotion, which includes screening, early detection
and diagnosis of disease. Among migrant families, tuberculosis rates are unusually high and
should be a priority focus for secondary prevention (A). Although (B, C, and D) are important
screenings, the incidence and the risk for spread of tuberculosis is a priority in this population.
\**DDelete** - ANS - Primary prevention.
Primary prevention (A) involves activities that focus on reducing the potential for illness before it
occurs, such as immunizations. Tertiary prevention (B) minimizes the consequences of a
disorder or illness through aggressive management or rehabilitation. Secondary prevention (C)
includes early diagnosis and implementing interventions aimed at a cure or reducing the
progress of a disease. Primary nursing (D) describes a method of nursing management and
nursing care assignments, not a healthcare strategy.
\**Delete** - ANS - African-American ethnicity.
The client's previous history of a LBW infant and the non-modifiable risk factor of ethnicity are
the most important risk factors for this pregnancy because the incidence of (LBW) infants is
twice as high for African-American (B) births than Caucasian births. The modifiable risk factors
of (A, C, and D) are related to infant morbidity, but (B) is most important because it is
non-modifiable.
\**Delete** - ANS - Census data.
Risk management data.
Budgeting process information.
Client-satisfaction surveys.
Changes in the community's demographic data.
Census data (A), risk management data (B), budgeting process information (C), data obtained
from client-satisfaction surveys (E), and changes in the community's demographic data (F)
provide pertinent data for planning for the current and future healthcare needs of the community.
Available workforce (D), although a concern, is not a factor in quality-assurance directives.
\**Delete** - ANS - Conduct a windshield survey of the geographic areas served by the school
The windshield survey (the nurse drives through neighborhoods viewing homes, stores,
churches, air quality, etc.) (D) gives the nurse the best initial overview of the children and a
sense of their community. (A, B, and C) provide information about some of the children and
parents, but are not as comprehensive as the windshield survey.
\**Delete** - ANS - Impaired physical mobility related to muscle rigidity and weakness.
Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurologic disorder affecting the brain centers that are
responsible for control and regulation of movement. The chief clinical manifestations are
, impaired movement, muscular rigidity, resting tremor, muscle weakness, and loss of postural
reflexes (A). Depression and dysfunction are appropriate nursing diagnoses but are not the
primary diagnosis (B). Client's with Parkinson's usually do not experience (C or D).
\**Delete** - ANS - Malaria following exposure in a mosquito-infested area.
Malaria contracted from a biting mosquito is an example of a vector-related, indirect
transmission of the disease (C). Indirect transmission of an infectious disease involves the
spread of infection through an intermediate source, such as vehicles, fomites, or vectors. (A, B,
and D) are examples of direct transmission, defined as the spread of an infection through
person-to-person contact and is characterized by portals of exit and entry.
\**Delete** - ANS - Most of the clients are unemployed or disabled.
Access to mass transit may be an issue.
Basic physiologic needs of this population are often unmet.
Correct choices are (A, B, and D). The unemployed or disabled will likely comprise a majority of
this clinic's clients (A); the lack of access to mass transit may affect the population's ability to
keep health care appointments (B); and low-income clients are at risk for basic physiologic
needs being left unmet (D). Most clients are not likely to have health insurance (C) because
they lack the funds to pay the insurance premiums. Homebound status is not a defining
qualification for public assistance, such as Medicaid (E). To state that a low-income population
is more likely to be non-compliant with healthcare recommendations is an example of
stereotyping (F).
\**Delete** - ANS - Suicide risks and prevention.
Primary prevention focuses on health promotion and prevention of injury and illness. Since
suicide is a leading cause of death in adolescents, including (C) is essential. Health screenings
and interventions are designed to increase the probability of early diagnosis and treatment, so
(A, B, and D) are important secondary prevention topics for adolescents.
\**Delete** - ANS - The person, the environment or situation, and health.
Nursing theories serve to describe, explain, predict, or prescribe nursing care measures. Any
science has a domain, which is the view or perspective of the discipline. The elements of
nursing's paradigm direct the activity of the nursing profession, including knowledge
development, philosophy, theory, educational experience, research, practice, and literature
identified with the profession. Nursing identified its domain in a paradigm that includes four
linkages: the person, health, environment/situation, and nursing (A). (B, C, and D) are not
linkages of the domain.
\**Delete** - ANS - The purpose is to rid the body of disease.
Coining, a Vietnamese practice, may produce welt-like swellings from rubbing a coin lengthwise
on oiled skin to rid the body of disease (B). Certain cultural practices that address illness may
be considered abusive by another culture and misunderstood by uninformed professionals. (A,
C, and D) are not correct interpretations.
\**Delete** - ANS - Thinning of the skin with loss of elasticity.
