CERTIFIED DIABETES EDUCATOR
EXAM 2025 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Central obesity contributes to increased insulin resistance by which mechanism - ANS intra
abdominal obesity has a greater supply of capillaries, making it more metabolically active than
sq fat in the hips and thighs therefore a greater turnover of free fatty acids and ion the liver
these contribute to insulin resistance.
a 34 year old pregnant lady with suspected gestational diabetes reports increased urinary
frequency, which is the best method to evaluate her glycemic control - ANS FRUCTOSIMINE-
a glycated serum protein test, measures glycemic xontrol over the past 2 or 3 weeks, good for
gestational diabetes.
Urinary ketones in gestational diabetes is more to detect inadequate food intake(severe
ketosis)
55 y/o male who recently had popleital leg surgery, has not ran in 10 years - ANS advise hime
to take a graded exercise test with EKG would give him info on how he respond to excretion,
the presence of arthersclorosis in his legs is a strong indicator that he may also have
athersclorosis in arteries in the heart
The act of examining processes and outcomes to determine whether desired goals and
objectives are achieved - ANS Continuous Quality Improvement is a management approach
that attempts to correct program shortcomings via program evaluation
What are the normal hormonal response of acute effects of physical axtivity - ANS Physical
activity increases hepatic glucose production and increase the glucose supply available in the
blood
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,The EMPOWERMENT approach to education - ANS expects the patient to be active in the
management of their diabetes, to be provided with info to make and take responsibility on
decisions
OUTCOMES MONITORING - ANS is the frequency and interval of measuring specific
indicators
How does program participation decrease ER visits - ANS Improving medication compliance
refill is a measure that can by an outcome related to education received during the program
Exam 2 q3 what is LADA - ANS pts with LADA are often misdiagnosed with Type 2 and are
greater than 40
(e2q10) DASH diet - ANS Dietary approaches to stop Hypertension, fruits, veggies, low fat
dairy products, whole grains, poultry, fish, lowers sodium and show benefits of potassium . A
combination of the Dash diet and reducing sodium intake has been shown to lower b/p rather
than just reducing Na intake.
(e2q15)DPP4 inhibitors - ANS Dpp4 inhibitors increase insulin secretion in a glucose
dependent manor meaning when glucose returns to normal there is no further increase in
insulin and the risk of hypoglycemia is low
(e2q17) which of the following is not evidence to lower LDL cholesterolo - ANS omege 3 fatty
acisds are helpful in reduction of triglycerides, weight loss substituting unsaturated fats for
saturated acids and plant sterols will help reduce LDL
(e2q18) What raises Serem creatinine - ANS patients with renal artery stenosis may have an
increase in creatinine if recently placed on an ACE or ARB such as Irebresartan . Although ACE
and ARB decrease glomerular pressure by dilating the efferent arteriole, pts with renal stenosis
are unable to provided compensatory constriction the efferent arteriole to maintain a minimum
glomerular pressure.
2 Copyright ©2025 THESTAR ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
,(e2q23) what nutrient is most likely deficient in a vegans - ANS vit b12 is found in meat,
poultry, fish and dairy
fyi- niacin is found in veggies, grains, nuts, fortified cereals and breads plentiful for veans
(e2q25) Recommended Fiber intake - ANS same for persons with or without diabetes
because of health benfits 25 grams for woman and 38 grams for men or 14grma/1000cals
Current research shows > 50grams fiber per da improves glycemic control
(e2q26) - ANS Valsartan should be added (ACE) i still needed for blood pressure control
(e2q31)dx metabolic syndrome - ANS place pts at high risk for cardiovascular disease. Dx of
metobolic syndrome is 3 of the following--large waist circumference woman > 30 inches, men >
40inches, B/P > 135/85, fast glucose >100, Tgl >150, low HDL ,50,
(e2q46)What drug causes weight gain - ANS Pioglitazone, TZD's deposition of free fatty acids
promote insulin resistance
(e2q49) what can effect A1c results - ANS Low albumin does not, but sickel cell anemia, iron
deficiency and iron supplementation may
(e2q54)the normal hormonal response during acute physical activity ? - ANS decrease in
insulin, increase in glucogon,and epinephrine, norepinephrine, growth hormones and cortisol
(e2q56) To reduce hypoglycemia a snck containing how many grams CHO for everyn 30-45 mins
moderate physical activity - ANS 0-10grams mild activity every 30 mins, 05-10grams for
every 15 mins for moderate activity and 0-15 grams for every 15 minutes of high intensity
activity
(e2q70) What food drug interactions interfere with orlistat - ANS FAT, orlistat interferes GI
lipases resulting in decreased hydrolysis, of pts consume >30 % of calories as fat may
experience flatus with discharge, fecal urgency, oily stool
3 Copyright ©2025 THESTAR ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, Lingliptin(tradjenta) - ANS all Dpp4 inhibitors may be prescribed to patients with decreased
kidney function, but liglipligdine does not require any dose changes because of exretion via bile
(e2q95)Which drug is most appropriate for someone with diabetes, hx of Mi and presented for
an elevation of elevated cholesterol - ANS Rosuvastatin 20mg is a high intestsity statin,
Priavastatin, Fluvasstatin and Lovastatin are all low intenstiy at the 20 mg dose
Health Belief Model - ANS Addresses the relationship between a person's beliefs and
behaviors
How serious do you believe your diabetes is ?
Trans-theoretical Model of Change - ANS pre-contemplation(share something you want to
learn), contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance
Empowerment Model - ANS Steps:
1. define the problems (biggest concern)
2. identify feelings
3. identify long-term goals
4. identify short-term behavior plan change
5. implement & evaluate plan
Patient is empowered when he/she has knowledge to make decisions, control of daily
management, resources ti implement their decisions
motivational interviewing - ANS a collaborative conversations style for strengthening a
persons own motivation and commitment to change
OARS model of motivational interviewing: - ANS Open-ended questions
Affirmations
4 Copyright ©2025 THESTAR ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
EXAM 2025 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Central obesity contributes to increased insulin resistance by which mechanism - ANS intra
abdominal obesity has a greater supply of capillaries, making it more metabolically active than
sq fat in the hips and thighs therefore a greater turnover of free fatty acids and ion the liver
these contribute to insulin resistance.
a 34 year old pregnant lady with suspected gestational diabetes reports increased urinary
frequency, which is the best method to evaluate her glycemic control - ANS FRUCTOSIMINE-
a glycated serum protein test, measures glycemic xontrol over the past 2 or 3 weeks, good for
gestational diabetes.
Urinary ketones in gestational diabetes is more to detect inadequate food intake(severe
ketosis)
55 y/o male who recently had popleital leg surgery, has not ran in 10 years - ANS advise hime
to take a graded exercise test with EKG would give him info on how he respond to excretion,
the presence of arthersclorosis in his legs is a strong indicator that he may also have
athersclorosis in arteries in the heart
The act of examining processes and outcomes to determine whether desired goals and
objectives are achieved - ANS Continuous Quality Improvement is a management approach
that attempts to correct program shortcomings via program evaluation
What are the normal hormonal response of acute effects of physical axtivity - ANS Physical
activity increases hepatic glucose production and increase the glucose supply available in the
blood
1 Copyright ©2025 THESTAR ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
,The EMPOWERMENT approach to education - ANS expects the patient to be active in the
management of their diabetes, to be provided with info to make and take responsibility on
decisions
OUTCOMES MONITORING - ANS is the frequency and interval of measuring specific
indicators
How does program participation decrease ER visits - ANS Improving medication compliance
refill is a measure that can by an outcome related to education received during the program
Exam 2 q3 what is LADA - ANS pts with LADA are often misdiagnosed with Type 2 and are
greater than 40
(e2q10) DASH diet - ANS Dietary approaches to stop Hypertension, fruits, veggies, low fat
dairy products, whole grains, poultry, fish, lowers sodium and show benefits of potassium . A
combination of the Dash diet and reducing sodium intake has been shown to lower b/p rather
than just reducing Na intake.
(e2q15)DPP4 inhibitors - ANS Dpp4 inhibitors increase insulin secretion in a glucose
dependent manor meaning when glucose returns to normal there is no further increase in
insulin and the risk of hypoglycemia is low
(e2q17) which of the following is not evidence to lower LDL cholesterolo - ANS omege 3 fatty
acisds are helpful in reduction of triglycerides, weight loss substituting unsaturated fats for
saturated acids and plant sterols will help reduce LDL
(e2q18) What raises Serem creatinine - ANS patients with renal artery stenosis may have an
increase in creatinine if recently placed on an ACE or ARB such as Irebresartan . Although ACE
and ARB decrease glomerular pressure by dilating the efferent arteriole, pts with renal stenosis
are unable to provided compensatory constriction the efferent arteriole to maintain a minimum
glomerular pressure.
2 Copyright ©2025 THESTAR ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
,(e2q23) what nutrient is most likely deficient in a vegans - ANS vit b12 is found in meat,
poultry, fish and dairy
fyi- niacin is found in veggies, grains, nuts, fortified cereals and breads plentiful for veans
(e2q25) Recommended Fiber intake - ANS same for persons with or without diabetes
because of health benfits 25 grams for woman and 38 grams for men or 14grma/1000cals
Current research shows > 50grams fiber per da improves glycemic control
(e2q26) - ANS Valsartan should be added (ACE) i still needed for blood pressure control
(e2q31)dx metabolic syndrome - ANS place pts at high risk for cardiovascular disease. Dx of
metobolic syndrome is 3 of the following--large waist circumference woman > 30 inches, men >
40inches, B/P > 135/85, fast glucose >100, Tgl >150, low HDL ,50,
(e2q46)What drug causes weight gain - ANS Pioglitazone, TZD's deposition of free fatty acids
promote insulin resistance
(e2q49) what can effect A1c results - ANS Low albumin does not, but sickel cell anemia, iron
deficiency and iron supplementation may
(e2q54)the normal hormonal response during acute physical activity ? - ANS decrease in
insulin, increase in glucogon,and epinephrine, norepinephrine, growth hormones and cortisol
(e2q56) To reduce hypoglycemia a snck containing how many grams CHO for everyn 30-45 mins
moderate physical activity - ANS 0-10grams mild activity every 30 mins, 05-10grams for
every 15 mins for moderate activity and 0-15 grams for every 15 minutes of high intensity
activity
(e2q70) What food drug interactions interfere with orlistat - ANS FAT, orlistat interferes GI
lipases resulting in decreased hydrolysis, of pts consume >30 % of calories as fat may
experience flatus with discharge, fecal urgency, oily stool
3 Copyright ©2025 THESTAR ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, Lingliptin(tradjenta) - ANS all Dpp4 inhibitors may be prescribed to patients with decreased
kidney function, but liglipligdine does not require any dose changes because of exretion via bile
(e2q95)Which drug is most appropriate for someone with diabetes, hx of Mi and presented for
an elevation of elevated cholesterol - ANS Rosuvastatin 20mg is a high intestsity statin,
Priavastatin, Fluvasstatin and Lovastatin are all low intenstiy at the 20 mg dose
Health Belief Model - ANS Addresses the relationship between a person's beliefs and
behaviors
How serious do you believe your diabetes is ?
Trans-theoretical Model of Change - ANS pre-contemplation(share something you want to
learn), contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance
Empowerment Model - ANS Steps:
1. define the problems (biggest concern)
2. identify feelings
3. identify long-term goals
4. identify short-term behavior plan change
5. implement & evaluate plan
Patient is empowered when he/she has knowledge to make decisions, control of daily
management, resources ti implement their decisions
motivational interviewing - ANS a collaborative conversations style for strengthening a
persons own motivation and commitment to change
OARS model of motivational interviewing: - ANS Open-ended questions
Affirmations
4 Copyright ©2025 THESTAR ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
