Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
What is the normal value for serum Potassium? - CORRECT ANSWER - 3.5-4.5
What are symptoms of hyperkalemia? - CORRECT ANSWER - elevated T waves,
widened QRS waves
Clinical manifestation of Hyperkalemia - CORRECT ANSWER - Paresthesias
Abd cramping, N/V/D
Nursing Interventions Hyperkalemia - CORRECT ANSWER - Kayexalate
Clinical Manifestations for Hypokalemia - CORRECT ANSWER - Depressed ST segment
Paralysis
Decrease GI motility and paralytic ileus
Normal values for serum Calcium - CORRECT ANSWER - 8.5-10.5 mg/dl
Clinical manifestations for hypercalcemia - CORRECT ANSWER - Generalized muscle
weakness
Causes of Hypercalcemia - CORRECT ANSWER - Prolonged Immobilization
Hyperparthyroidism
Malignancies
Clinical Manifestations of Hypocalcemia - CORRECT ANSWER - Postive Chvostek's
sign
, Prolonged QT interval and Ventricular Tachycardia
Nursing Diagnosis and Management for Hypocalcemia - CORRECT ANSWER - Acute
pain r/t muscle contractions
What is the normal serum Na+ - CORRECT ANSWER - 134-143
Clinical Manifestations of Hypernatremia - CORRECT ANSWER - Seizure, Coma
Clinical Manifestations of Hyponatremia - CORRECT ANSWER - Seizure
Nursing Intervention: Fulid Restriction
Causes for Hyponatremia - CORRECT ANSWER - GI losses N/V/Diarrhea NGT
SIADH
What is the normal serum value for Magnesium? - CORRECT ANSWER - 1.7-2.2 mg/dl
What are the causes for Hypermagnesemia - CORRECT ANSWER - Adrenal
insufficiency
Clinical Manifestations of Hypermagnesemia - CORRECT ANSWER - Muscle Weakness
Urinary retention, Lethargy, drowsiness
Causes of Hypomagnesemia - CORRECT ANSWER - Chronic Alcoholism
Clinical Manifestations of Hypomagnesemia - CORRECT ANSWER - Hyperactive deep
tendon reflexes
Positive Chvostek's and Trousseau's signs