PNVN 1631 CARDIO exam questions with complete
solutions
what is left sided heart failure related to? - ANSWER Lungs, leads to
pulmonary edema, Dyspnea, orthopnea, pulmonary crackles, wheezing,
pink frothy sputum and couch
what is the master pacemaker? - ANSWER SA node
when a pt is refusing meds how do you communicate? - ANSWER get
clarification as to why
if a pt is scared of lightening how would you communicate with them if
they have ECG wiring on? - ANSWER Identify the problem, reassure them
and educate them
for a pt on bed rest how do you decrease chances of blood clot? -
ANSWER ambulation
what machine should you have on site in case of V-fib? - ANSWER
defibrillator (AED)
a pt who has an abdominal aortic aneurism is really concerned, how do
you communicate with them? - ANSWER Clarification, restate, educate
how do you prevent tolerance for a pt who is constantly on nitrates? -
ANSWER intermittent brakes
when do you administer diuretics? - ANSWER in the morning
What do diuretics do? - ANSWER increase in urine output by secreting
excess fluid
what do diuretics deplete? - ANSWER potassium (K+)
, S/S of MI for men - ANSWER numbness in left arm radiating up to neck,
jaw teeth, and epigastric area
S/S of MI for women - ANSWER Epigastric pain commonly misdiagnosed
as heartburn, unusual fatigue, sleep disturbance, SOB, weakness and
anxiety
Order of blood flow through the heart? - ANSWER Systemic circulation
starts at Left ventricle ends at Right atrium
Pulmonary circulation starts at right ventricle ends at left atrium
Deoxygenated blood enters the heart at the right atrium flows to the
right ventricle through the tricuspid valve then goes through the
pulmonary valve to the pulmonary arteries to the lungs and then
oxygenated blood enters the left atrium and goes to the l eft ventricle
through the mitral valve then goes through the aortic valve to the aorta
and the rest of the body
Food items low in sodium (NA+)? - ANSWER Squash
what causes carditis? - ANSWER Bacterial infection spread throughout
the body usually from the mouth such as tooth extraction or poor
hygiene
antidote for heparin? - ANSWER protamine sulfate
antidote for warfarin - ANSWER Vitamin K
Antidote for Acetaminophen - ANSWER N-acetylcysteine (NAC)
How does nitroglycerin therapy work? - ANSWER nitroglycerin relaxes
the smooth muscles in the coronary arteries causing vasodilation, it
decreases the preload and afterload ultimately decreasing the hearts
oxygen demand.
Take it sublingually up to three times with 5 mins in-between each does ,
if chest pain does not go away after third dose call 911
solutions
what is left sided heart failure related to? - ANSWER Lungs, leads to
pulmonary edema, Dyspnea, orthopnea, pulmonary crackles, wheezing,
pink frothy sputum and couch
what is the master pacemaker? - ANSWER SA node
when a pt is refusing meds how do you communicate? - ANSWER get
clarification as to why
if a pt is scared of lightening how would you communicate with them if
they have ECG wiring on? - ANSWER Identify the problem, reassure them
and educate them
for a pt on bed rest how do you decrease chances of blood clot? -
ANSWER ambulation
what machine should you have on site in case of V-fib? - ANSWER
defibrillator (AED)
a pt who has an abdominal aortic aneurism is really concerned, how do
you communicate with them? - ANSWER Clarification, restate, educate
how do you prevent tolerance for a pt who is constantly on nitrates? -
ANSWER intermittent brakes
when do you administer diuretics? - ANSWER in the morning
What do diuretics do? - ANSWER increase in urine output by secreting
excess fluid
what do diuretics deplete? - ANSWER potassium (K+)
, S/S of MI for men - ANSWER numbness in left arm radiating up to neck,
jaw teeth, and epigastric area
S/S of MI for women - ANSWER Epigastric pain commonly misdiagnosed
as heartburn, unusual fatigue, sleep disturbance, SOB, weakness and
anxiety
Order of blood flow through the heart? - ANSWER Systemic circulation
starts at Left ventricle ends at Right atrium
Pulmonary circulation starts at right ventricle ends at left atrium
Deoxygenated blood enters the heart at the right atrium flows to the
right ventricle through the tricuspid valve then goes through the
pulmonary valve to the pulmonary arteries to the lungs and then
oxygenated blood enters the left atrium and goes to the l eft ventricle
through the mitral valve then goes through the aortic valve to the aorta
and the rest of the body
Food items low in sodium (NA+)? - ANSWER Squash
what causes carditis? - ANSWER Bacterial infection spread throughout
the body usually from the mouth such as tooth extraction or poor
hygiene
antidote for heparin? - ANSWER protamine sulfate
antidote for warfarin - ANSWER Vitamin K
Antidote for Acetaminophen - ANSWER N-acetylcysteine (NAC)
How does nitroglycerin therapy work? - ANSWER nitroglycerin relaxes
the smooth muscles in the coronary arteries causing vasodilation, it
decreases the preload and afterload ultimately decreasing the hearts
oxygen demand.
Take it sublingually up to three times with 5 mins in-between each does ,
if chest pain does not go away after third dose call 911
