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ONS Chemotherapy Administration
Questions with Detailed Verified
Answers
Question:What do alkylating chemotherapy drugs do?
Ans: Chemotherapy drugs that are cell cycle nonspecific, so they exert their
effects in all phases of the cell cycle. They directly damage DNA to prevent
cancer cells from reproducing. They cause breaks in the DNA or cross-linking
in a process called alkylation, which causes the drug to interfere with DNA
replication.
Question: neoadjuvant therapy
Ans: a cancer treatment that precedes other primary treatment, such as
administering chemotherapy or radiation therapy to a patient before surgery
Question: adjuvant therapy
Ans: Treatment of disease with substances that assist or enhance the action
of primary treatment (i.e. surgery or radiation).
Question: induction treatment of leukemia
Ans: This phase of chemotherapy treatment (first phase of treatment) usually
is initiated in the hospital because of its potential for serious side effects and
complications from the severe, intended myelosuppression that ensues. The
goal is to achieve a complete response.
Question: consolidation treatment
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Ans: This treatment is done to ensure the treatment takes effect and
decreases the chance of a recurrence. This treatment is vital because leukemic
cells that are not clinically apparent, as through a CBC laboratory draw result
or bone marrow biopsy evaluation, are almost always still present to some
small degree in the bone marrow.
Question: myeloablation therapy
Ans: A process in which the bone marrow purposely is obliterated through
chemotherapy or radiation to prepare for peripheral blood stem cell
transplantation or bone marrow transplantation. Myeloablation often is used
to treat blood (i.e., liquid) malignancies, such as leukemia or lymphoma.
Question: reinduction therapy
Ans: This treatment is used when a patient who successfully completed
induction and consolidation, but relapses months later.
Question: combination therapy
Ans: This therapy reduces the likelihood of drug resistance because the
different chemotherapy drugs have different mechanisms of action.
Cancer cells usually are heterogeneous; therefore, the effect of different
mechanisms of action increases the amount of cancer cells killed at one time.
The efficiency seen by use of multiple chemotherapy agents within a regimen
provides a synergistic effect.
Question: synergy
Ans: When one chemotherapy drug helps another one (given at the same
time) work better, such as with leucovorin and 5-fluorouracil when treating
colon cancer. Leucovorin increases the deadly effect that 5-fluorouracil has on
cancer cells; in other words, the cytotoxicity is potentiated.
Question: complete response
Ans: No identifiable cancer presence through signs or symptoms for at least
one month or longer
ONS Chemotherapy Administration
Questions with Detailed Verified
Answers
Question:What do alkylating chemotherapy drugs do?
Ans: Chemotherapy drugs that are cell cycle nonspecific, so they exert their
effects in all phases of the cell cycle. They directly damage DNA to prevent
cancer cells from reproducing. They cause breaks in the DNA or cross-linking
in a process called alkylation, which causes the drug to interfere with DNA
replication.
Question: neoadjuvant therapy
Ans: a cancer treatment that precedes other primary treatment, such as
administering chemotherapy or radiation therapy to a patient before surgery
Question: adjuvant therapy
Ans: Treatment of disease with substances that assist or enhance the action
of primary treatment (i.e. surgery or radiation).
Question: induction treatment of leukemia
Ans: This phase of chemotherapy treatment (first phase of treatment) usually
is initiated in the hospital because of its potential for serious side effects and
complications from the severe, intended myelosuppression that ensues. The
goal is to achieve a complete response.
Question: consolidation treatment
, Page | 2
Ans: This treatment is done to ensure the treatment takes effect and
decreases the chance of a recurrence. This treatment is vital because leukemic
cells that are not clinically apparent, as through a CBC laboratory draw result
or bone marrow biopsy evaluation, are almost always still present to some
small degree in the bone marrow.
Question: myeloablation therapy
Ans: A process in which the bone marrow purposely is obliterated through
chemotherapy or radiation to prepare for peripheral blood stem cell
transplantation or bone marrow transplantation. Myeloablation often is used
to treat blood (i.e., liquid) malignancies, such as leukemia or lymphoma.
Question: reinduction therapy
Ans: This treatment is used when a patient who successfully completed
induction and consolidation, but relapses months later.
Question: combination therapy
Ans: This therapy reduces the likelihood of drug resistance because the
different chemotherapy drugs have different mechanisms of action.
Cancer cells usually are heterogeneous; therefore, the effect of different
mechanisms of action increases the amount of cancer cells killed at one time.
The efficiency seen by use of multiple chemotherapy agents within a regimen
provides a synergistic effect.
Question: synergy
Ans: When one chemotherapy drug helps another one (given at the same
time) work better, such as with leucovorin and 5-fluorouracil when treating
colon cancer. Leucovorin increases the deadly effect that 5-fluorouracil has on
cancer cells; in other words, the cytotoxicity is potentiated.
Question: complete response
Ans: No identifiable cancer presence through signs or symptoms for at least
one month or longer
