NUR 152 Diabetes Exam Questions With Complete
Solutions
All US insulin is Correct Answers recombinant (genetically
engineered in labs)
An individual with type 2 diabetes may exhibit the classic signs
of type 1 diabetes which are Correct Answers polyuria,
polydipsia, and polyphagia
At what angle should you inject insulin for a thin individual?
Correct Answers 45 degrees
At what angle should you inject insulin for an obese or normal
sized patient? Correct Answers 90 degrees
Basal bolus regimen should Correct Answers closely mimic
endogenous insulin production
Counterregulatory hormones of insulin Correct Answers
glucagon, epinephrine, growth hormone, cortisol
Dawn phenomenon Correct Answers morning hyperglycemia
present on awakening
Due to release of counterregulatory hormones in predawn hours
(growth hormone & cortisol released in AM)
Diabetes mellitus Correct Answers a chronic multisystem
disease related to abnormal insulin production, impaired insulin
utilization or both
,Diabetes mellitus is caused by a combination of causative
factors such as Correct Answers genetics, autoimmunity,
environmental
Diabetes mellitus is the leading cause of Correct Answers adult
blindness, end stage kidney disease, nontraumatic lower limb
amputations
Diagnosis of Type 2 DM Correct Answers Hemoglobin A1C
level: 6.5% or higher
Fasting plasma glucose level: higher than 126 mg/dL
Two-hour plasma glucose level during oral GTT: 200 mg/dL
Classic symptoms of hyperglycemia with random plasma
glucose level of 200 mg/dL or higher
Do not exercise if blood glucose levels Correct Answers
exceed 300 mg/dL or if ketones are present in urine
Doses of insulin should always be Correct Answers double
checked with another RN
Errors in administering exogenous insulin may result in Correct
Answers serious injury or death
Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) Correct Answers Fasting is
defined as no caloric intake for at least 8 hours
Frequency of testing BG depends on Correct Answers patients
glycemic goals
type of diabetes the patient has
medication regimen
, patients ability to perform the test independently
patients willingness to test
How can lipodystrophy occur? Correct Answers If the same
injection sites are used frequently
How can you properly store insulin? Correct Answers Insulin
should not be extremely hot or cold. Refrigerated.
How many carbohydrates should a diabetic have? Correct
Answers Minimum of 130g/day
How many minutes of exercise should a diabetic patient do
every week? Correct Answers Minimum 150 minutes/week
aerobic
How often is intermediate or long acting insulin adminstered?
Correct Answers once or twice a day
How often is rapid or short acting insulin administered? Correct
Answers Before or after meals
If a meal is skipped, should you administer the meglitinide?
Correct Answers No, it gets absorbed too quickly
Insulin facilitates Correct Answers storage of glucose as
glycogen in liver
Insulin is produced by Correct Answers the B-cells of the islets
of Langerhans of the pancreas
Solutions
All US insulin is Correct Answers recombinant (genetically
engineered in labs)
An individual with type 2 diabetes may exhibit the classic signs
of type 1 diabetes which are Correct Answers polyuria,
polydipsia, and polyphagia
At what angle should you inject insulin for a thin individual?
Correct Answers 45 degrees
At what angle should you inject insulin for an obese or normal
sized patient? Correct Answers 90 degrees
Basal bolus regimen should Correct Answers closely mimic
endogenous insulin production
Counterregulatory hormones of insulin Correct Answers
glucagon, epinephrine, growth hormone, cortisol
Dawn phenomenon Correct Answers morning hyperglycemia
present on awakening
Due to release of counterregulatory hormones in predawn hours
(growth hormone & cortisol released in AM)
Diabetes mellitus Correct Answers a chronic multisystem
disease related to abnormal insulin production, impaired insulin
utilization or both
,Diabetes mellitus is caused by a combination of causative
factors such as Correct Answers genetics, autoimmunity,
environmental
Diabetes mellitus is the leading cause of Correct Answers adult
blindness, end stage kidney disease, nontraumatic lower limb
amputations
Diagnosis of Type 2 DM Correct Answers Hemoglobin A1C
level: 6.5% or higher
Fasting plasma glucose level: higher than 126 mg/dL
Two-hour plasma glucose level during oral GTT: 200 mg/dL
Classic symptoms of hyperglycemia with random plasma
glucose level of 200 mg/dL or higher
Do not exercise if blood glucose levels Correct Answers
exceed 300 mg/dL or if ketones are present in urine
Doses of insulin should always be Correct Answers double
checked with another RN
Errors in administering exogenous insulin may result in Correct
Answers serious injury or death
Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) Correct Answers Fasting is
defined as no caloric intake for at least 8 hours
Frequency of testing BG depends on Correct Answers patients
glycemic goals
type of diabetes the patient has
medication regimen
, patients ability to perform the test independently
patients willingness to test
How can lipodystrophy occur? Correct Answers If the same
injection sites are used frequently
How can you properly store insulin? Correct Answers Insulin
should not be extremely hot or cold. Refrigerated.
How many carbohydrates should a diabetic have? Correct
Answers Minimum of 130g/day
How many minutes of exercise should a diabetic patient do
every week? Correct Answers Minimum 150 minutes/week
aerobic
How often is intermediate or long acting insulin adminstered?
Correct Answers once or twice a day
How often is rapid or short acting insulin administered? Correct
Answers Before or after meals
If a meal is skipped, should you administer the meglitinide?
Correct Answers No, it gets absorbed too quickly
Insulin facilitates Correct Answers storage of glucose as
glycogen in liver
Insulin is produced by Correct Answers the B-cells of the islets
of Langerhans of the pancreas
