ATI- Nursing Care of Children Exam Questions With
Accurate Answers.
A nurse is caring for a child who has influenza. The nurse should identify that
which of the following statements by the parent indicates the child has
increased risk for Reye syndrome?
a) "I give my child ibuprofen when his muscles are aching."
b) "I am encouraging my child to drink grapefruit juice."
c) "I give my child aspirin to reduce his fever."
d) "I am leaving a humidifier on in my child's room when he naps." - accurate
answers-Correct:
c) "I give my child aspirin to reduce his fever."
-The administration of aspirin for fever associated with a viral illness
increases the child's risk for Reye syndrome. Reye syndrome is a metabolic
encephalopathy with manifestations of cerebral edema and fatty changes in
the liver.
a) It is appropriate to administer ibuprofen for myalgia in infants and children
who are over the age of 6 months. This medication does not increase the
child's risk for Reye syndrome.
b) Encouraging the child to drink grapefruit juice increases fluid and vitamin C
intake and does not increase the child's risk for Reye syndrome.
d) Humidifying the air can help to loosen the child's congestion and reduce
throat discomfort. It does not increase the child's risk for Reye syndrome.
A nurse is preparing to perform an abdominal assessment on a child. Identify
the sequence the nurse should follow. - accurate answers-Inspection
Auscultation
Superficial palpitation
Deep palpitation
-When performing an abdominal assessment on a child, the nurse should first
inspect the abdomen without touching and observe for anything that could
,indicate a medical concern. Because palpation prior to auscultation can alter
the bowel sounds, the nurse should auscultate the abdomen for bowel sounds
next. Then, the nurse should palpate the abdomen superficially so the child
won't tense her abdominal muscles. Finally, the nurse should perform a deep
palpation of the abdomen, making sure to palpate any painful areas last.
A nurse is teaching the mother of a child who has cystic fibrosis and has a
prescription for pancreatic enzymes three times per day. Which of the
following statements indicates that the mother understands the teaching?
a) "My child will take the enzymes to improve her metabolism."
b) "My child will take the enzymes following meals."
c)"My child will take the enzymes to help digest the fat in foods."
d) "My child will take the enzymes 2 hours before meals." - accurate answers-
Correct:
c)"My child will take the enzymes to help digest the fat in foods."
-Pancreatic enzymes help the body to digest fat in foods.
a) Pancreatic enzymes improve the digestive system's ability to breakdown
fats; they do not improve metabolism.
b) The child should take pancreatic enzymes prior to ingesting food, not
following meals.
d) The child should take pancreatic enzymes immediately before meals.
A nurse is caring for an adolescent who has spina bifida and is paralyzed from
the waist down. Which of the following statements by the client should
indicate to the nurse a need for further teaching?
a) "I only need to catheterize myself twice every day."
b) "I carry a water bottle with me because I drink a lot of water."
c) "I use a suppository every night to have a bowel movement."
,d) "I do wheelchair exercises while watching TV." - accurate answers-Correct:
a) "I only need to catheterize myself twice every day."
-The client has paralysis from the level of the defect down. In the majority of
cases, this condition affects bladder and bowel continence. Catheterization
should be performed every 4 hr. Infrequent emptying of the bladder can result
in stasis and urinary tract infections.
b)Extra fluids help to maintain fluid balance and flush the body's urinary
system. Since the client who has spina bifida is at an increased risk for urinary
tract infection, maintaining an increased fluid intake is appropriate.
c) Using a suppository to stimulate a bowel movement every 1 to 2 days is
appropriate.
d) Wheelchair exercises maintain skin condition and upper body strength.
Since the client who has spina bifida is at an increased risk for impaired skin
integrity, frequently shifting positions while in the wheelchair is appropriate.
A nurse is assessing an adolescent who has an exacerbation of Graves Dx.
Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
A. Wt gain
B. Bradycardia
C. Lethargy
D. Heat intolerance - accurate answers-Correct:
D. Heat intolerance
-An exacerbation of Graves' disease can cause heat intolerance due to an
increased metabolic rate, which leads to warm flushed moist skin and extreme
diaphoresis.
A) An adolescent who has an exacerbation of Graves' disease is more likely to
have weight loss instead of weight gain. The adolescent's metabolic rate is
greatly increased, which leads to weight loss despite an increased appetite.
B) An adolescent who has an exacerbation of Graves' disease is likely to have
tachycardia due to increased sympathetic nervous system activity, as well as
increased thyroid hormone stimulation of the heart.
, C) An adolescent who has an exacerbation of Graves' disease is likely to have
irritability, hyperactivity, tremors, and insomnia due to increased sympathetic
nervous system activity.
a nurse is caring for a child that has red marks across his cheeks. what is the
most appropriate action for the nurse to take?
a) Assess the rest of the child's body for a rash.
b) Refer the family to child protective services.
c) Question the parents about how the marks occurred on the child's cheeks.
d) Obtain the child's temperature. - accurate answers-Correct:
a) Assess the rest of the child's body for a rash.
-Fifth disease presents with erythema on the face, which resembles slap
marks. The nurse should further assess the child's body and extremities to
determine if the child has Fifth disease.
b) Referring the family to child protective services without further assessment
is not an appropriate action for the nurse to take.
c) Questioning the parents about the red marks prior to further assessment is
not an appropriate action for the nurse to take.
d) A fever is sometimes the first sign of a childhood disease. However, after a
rash becomes apparent the child's temperature returns to normal.
A nurse is caring for a child on the oncology unit. The child's parents are
asking the nurse about the cancer diagnosis. Which of the following
information should the nurse provide the parents about the most common
malignant renal and intra-abdominal tumor of childhood?
a) Ewing sarcoma
b) Osteosarcoma
c) Neuroblastoma
Accurate Answers.
A nurse is caring for a child who has influenza. The nurse should identify that
which of the following statements by the parent indicates the child has
increased risk for Reye syndrome?
a) "I give my child ibuprofen when his muscles are aching."
b) "I am encouraging my child to drink grapefruit juice."
c) "I give my child aspirin to reduce his fever."
d) "I am leaving a humidifier on in my child's room when he naps." - accurate
answers-Correct:
c) "I give my child aspirin to reduce his fever."
-The administration of aspirin for fever associated with a viral illness
increases the child's risk for Reye syndrome. Reye syndrome is a metabolic
encephalopathy with manifestations of cerebral edema and fatty changes in
the liver.
a) It is appropriate to administer ibuprofen for myalgia in infants and children
who are over the age of 6 months. This medication does not increase the
child's risk for Reye syndrome.
b) Encouraging the child to drink grapefruit juice increases fluid and vitamin C
intake and does not increase the child's risk for Reye syndrome.
d) Humidifying the air can help to loosen the child's congestion and reduce
throat discomfort. It does not increase the child's risk for Reye syndrome.
A nurse is preparing to perform an abdominal assessment on a child. Identify
the sequence the nurse should follow. - accurate answers-Inspection
Auscultation
Superficial palpitation
Deep palpitation
-When performing an abdominal assessment on a child, the nurse should first
inspect the abdomen without touching and observe for anything that could
,indicate a medical concern. Because palpation prior to auscultation can alter
the bowel sounds, the nurse should auscultate the abdomen for bowel sounds
next. Then, the nurse should palpate the abdomen superficially so the child
won't tense her abdominal muscles. Finally, the nurse should perform a deep
palpation of the abdomen, making sure to palpate any painful areas last.
A nurse is teaching the mother of a child who has cystic fibrosis and has a
prescription for pancreatic enzymes three times per day. Which of the
following statements indicates that the mother understands the teaching?
a) "My child will take the enzymes to improve her metabolism."
b) "My child will take the enzymes following meals."
c)"My child will take the enzymes to help digest the fat in foods."
d) "My child will take the enzymes 2 hours before meals." - accurate answers-
Correct:
c)"My child will take the enzymes to help digest the fat in foods."
-Pancreatic enzymes help the body to digest fat in foods.
a) Pancreatic enzymes improve the digestive system's ability to breakdown
fats; they do not improve metabolism.
b) The child should take pancreatic enzymes prior to ingesting food, not
following meals.
d) The child should take pancreatic enzymes immediately before meals.
A nurse is caring for an adolescent who has spina bifida and is paralyzed from
the waist down. Which of the following statements by the client should
indicate to the nurse a need for further teaching?
a) "I only need to catheterize myself twice every day."
b) "I carry a water bottle with me because I drink a lot of water."
c) "I use a suppository every night to have a bowel movement."
,d) "I do wheelchair exercises while watching TV." - accurate answers-Correct:
a) "I only need to catheterize myself twice every day."
-The client has paralysis from the level of the defect down. In the majority of
cases, this condition affects bladder and bowel continence. Catheterization
should be performed every 4 hr. Infrequent emptying of the bladder can result
in stasis and urinary tract infections.
b)Extra fluids help to maintain fluid balance and flush the body's urinary
system. Since the client who has spina bifida is at an increased risk for urinary
tract infection, maintaining an increased fluid intake is appropriate.
c) Using a suppository to stimulate a bowel movement every 1 to 2 days is
appropriate.
d) Wheelchair exercises maintain skin condition and upper body strength.
Since the client who has spina bifida is at an increased risk for impaired skin
integrity, frequently shifting positions while in the wheelchair is appropriate.
A nurse is assessing an adolescent who has an exacerbation of Graves Dx.
Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
A. Wt gain
B. Bradycardia
C. Lethargy
D. Heat intolerance - accurate answers-Correct:
D. Heat intolerance
-An exacerbation of Graves' disease can cause heat intolerance due to an
increased metabolic rate, which leads to warm flushed moist skin and extreme
diaphoresis.
A) An adolescent who has an exacerbation of Graves' disease is more likely to
have weight loss instead of weight gain. The adolescent's metabolic rate is
greatly increased, which leads to weight loss despite an increased appetite.
B) An adolescent who has an exacerbation of Graves' disease is likely to have
tachycardia due to increased sympathetic nervous system activity, as well as
increased thyroid hormone stimulation of the heart.
, C) An adolescent who has an exacerbation of Graves' disease is likely to have
irritability, hyperactivity, tremors, and insomnia due to increased sympathetic
nervous system activity.
a nurse is caring for a child that has red marks across his cheeks. what is the
most appropriate action for the nurse to take?
a) Assess the rest of the child's body for a rash.
b) Refer the family to child protective services.
c) Question the parents about how the marks occurred on the child's cheeks.
d) Obtain the child's temperature. - accurate answers-Correct:
a) Assess the rest of the child's body for a rash.
-Fifth disease presents with erythema on the face, which resembles slap
marks. The nurse should further assess the child's body and extremities to
determine if the child has Fifth disease.
b) Referring the family to child protective services without further assessment
is not an appropriate action for the nurse to take.
c) Questioning the parents about the red marks prior to further assessment is
not an appropriate action for the nurse to take.
d) A fever is sometimes the first sign of a childhood disease. However, after a
rash becomes apparent the child's temperature returns to normal.
A nurse is caring for a child on the oncology unit. The child's parents are
asking the nurse about the cancer diagnosis. Which of the following
information should the nurse provide the parents about the most common
malignant renal and intra-abdominal tumor of childhood?
a) Ewing sarcoma
b) Osteosarcoma
c) Neuroblastoma
