PSYC 375 EXAM 7 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS!!
What are the two divisions of the nervous system?
CNS
PNS
Compare Nerves vs Tracts/Fibres and Ganglia vs Nuclei
Nerves are a collections of nerve fibres in the PNS, while Tracts/Fibres are collections of axons
in the CNS
Ganglia are cell bodies lining nerves in the PNS, while Nuclei are clusters of cell bodies in the
CNS
Describe:
Dorsal - Ventral
Medial - Lateral
Rostral - Caudal
Anterior - Posterior
Superior - Inferioir
Above, back - below, belly
Midline - side
Nose, break - tail
Front - back
Above - below
Describe a:
Sagittal plane
Coronal/Frontal plane
Horizontal/Transverse plane
,Saggital - like splitting line down middle front of body
Frontal - like splitting line down middle side of body
Horizontal - like splitting line horizontally through body
What make up the CNS?
brain and spinal cord
What makes up the PNS?
Somatic NS, Autonomic NS (sympathetic, parasympathetic)
What are the 3 layers of the meninges?
Dura - physical protection
Arachnoid (circulation - CSF, blood, lymph)
Pia - protection, circulation
White vs grey matter
white matter: surrounds grey matter, axons
Grey matter: innermost bit, cell bodies
Draw the divisions of the brain
(drawing)
What are the functions of CSF
protection, metabolism, prevention of ischemia (restriction of blow flow in part of body)
How does CSF flow?
produced in CHOROID PLEXUS , flows out of the LATERAL VENTRICLES, out of the
THIRD VENTRICLE, through the CEREBRAL AQUEDUCT, through the FOURTH
VENTRICLE, through the CENTRAL CANAL, around the brain, and is absorbed through the
ARACHNOID LAYER
, What is hydrocephaly? Cause? Treatment?
abnormal buildup of CSF in ventricles in the brain
causes: head injury, hemorrhage, disease, etc.
treatment: shunt (surgical insertion of drainage system)
Define meningitis
infection and inflammation of the fluid and 3 meninges protecting brain and spinal cord
What are the 3 cerebral arteries?
ACA - anterior cerebral artery
MCA - middle cerebral artery
PCA - posterior cerebral artery
What are the two types of strokes? Causes?
Ischemic caused by stroke: blockage of artery, more common
Hemorrhagic stroke: caused by bleeding, worse
Generalized stroke treatment
Target stroke treatment
Generalized:
Restrict damage and lower body temp
Target: restore bloodflow and T-PA to break down clot (ischemic)
what happens in a TBI event? what damage may occur (lateral movement and mild
concussions vs multiple concussions)
coup injury is force from a moving object hitting head, causing a concussion
counter-coup injury is the momentum of the hit to the head forcing the brain to move in opposite
CORRECT ANSWERS!!
What are the two divisions of the nervous system?
CNS
PNS
Compare Nerves vs Tracts/Fibres and Ganglia vs Nuclei
Nerves are a collections of nerve fibres in the PNS, while Tracts/Fibres are collections of axons
in the CNS
Ganglia are cell bodies lining nerves in the PNS, while Nuclei are clusters of cell bodies in the
CNS
Describe:
Dorsal - Ventral
Medial - Lateral
Rostral - Caudal
Anterior - Posterior
Superior - Inferioir
Above, back - below, belly
Midline - side
Nose, break - tail
Front - back
Above - below
Describe a:
Sagittal plane
Coronal/Frontal plane
Horizontal/Transverse plane
,Saggital - like splitting line down middle front of body
Frontal - like splitting line down middle side of body
Horizontal - like splitting line horizontally through body
What make up the CNS?
brain and spinal cord
What makes up the PNS?
Somatic NS, Autonomic NS (sympathetic, parasympathetic)
What are the 3 layers of the meninges?
Dura - physical protection
Arachnoid (circulation - CSF, blood, lymph)
Pia - protection, circulation
White vs grey matter
white matter: surrounds grey matter, axons
Grey matter: innermost bit, cell bodies
Draw the divisions of the brain
(drawing)
What are the functions of CSF
protection, metabolism, prevention of ischemia (restriction of blow flow in part of body)
How does CSF flow?
produced in CHOROID PLEXUS , flows out of the LATERAL VENTRICLES, out of the
THIRD VENTRICLE, through the CEREBRAL AQUEDUCT, through the FOURTH
VENTRICLE, through the CENTRAL CANAL, around the brain, and is absorbed through the
ARACHNOID LAYER
, What is hydrocephaly? Cause? Treatment?
abnormal buildup of CSF in ventricles in the brain
causes: head injury, hemorrhage, disease, etc.
treatment: shunt (surgical insertion of drainage system)
Define meningitis
infection and inflammation of the fluid and 3 meninges protecting brain and spinal cord
What are the 3 cerebral arteries?
ACA - anterior cerebral artery
MCA - middle cerebral artery
PCA - posterior cerebral artery
What are the two types of strokes? Causes?
Ischemic caused by stroke: blockage of artery, more common
Hemorrhagic stroke: caused by bleeding, worse
Generalized stroke treatment
Target stroke treatment
Generalized:
Restrict damage and lower body temp
Target: restore bloodflow and T-PA to break down clot (ischemic)
what happens in a TBI event? what damage may occur (lateral movement and mild
concussions vs multiple concussions)
coup injury is force from a moving object hitting head, causing a concussion
counter-coup injury is the momentum of the hit to the head forcing the brain to move in opposite
