Pediatric HESI Practice Questions and answers Newest RATED A+

Pediatric HESI Practice Questions and answers Newest
RATED A+

The nurse is preparing a child with an intussusception for a prescribed barium enema. What is the
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main purpose of conducting this procedure prior to surgical intervention?
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A.Evacuate the bowel of impacted feces. Il` Il` Il` Il` Il`




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B.Reduce the invaginated bowel segment. Il` Il` Il` Il`




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C.Locate the presence of diverticula. Il` Il` Il` Il`




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D.Identify the area of esophageal atresia. - Correct Answers ANS: B
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Intussusception, an invagination or telescoping of one portion of the intestine into another, Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il`




causes intestinal obstruction in children (usually occurs between 3 months and 5 years of age).
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Nonsurgical treatment is attempted with hydrostatic pressure created by barium instillation,
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which often reduces the area of bowel intussusception (B), thereby negating the need for surgical
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intervention. A barium enema is likely to cause (A). A barium enema could be used to detect (C),
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but this is not the reason for its use with intussusception. (D) is not a use for a barium enema.
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Il` The nurse is teaching an adolescent girl with scoliosis about a Milwaukee brace that her health
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Il` care provider has prescribed. Which instruction should the nurse provide to this client?
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A.Remove the brace 1 hour each day for bathing only. Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il`




B.Remove the brace only for back range-of-motion exercises. Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il`




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C.Wear the brace against the bare skin to ensure a good fit.
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D.Wearing the brace will cure the spinal curvature. - Correct Answers ANS: A
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,The Milwaukee brace is designed to slow the progression in spinal curvature while the adolescent
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is growing. The brace should be worn 23 hours a day and removed a total of 1 hour a day for
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hygiene (A). There are no specific exercises for increasing the range of motion in the back that
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should be performed (B). A T shirt should be worn next to the body and the brace put on over the
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T shirt to protect the skin (C). The brace will not cure the spinal curvature (D) but should slow the
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progression of the scoliosis.
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Il` The nurse should teach the parents of a child with a cyanotic heart defect to perform which action
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Il` when a hypercyanotic spell occurs? Il` Il` Il` Il`




A.Place the child's head flat, with the knees on pillows above the level of the heart.
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B.Have the child lie on the right side, with the head elevated on one pillow.
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C.Allow the child to assume a knee-chest position, with the head and chest slightly elevated.
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D.Encourage the child to sit up at a 45-degree angle, drink cold water, and take deep breaths. - Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il`




Correct Answers ANS: C
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Assuming a knee-chest position with the head and chest slightly elevated (C) will help restore
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hemodynamic equilibrium. (A and B) are incorrect positions and may hinder the child's condition.
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(D) may cause chest pain or a vasovagal response, with resulting hypotension.
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Il` During routine screening at a school clinic, an otoscope examination of a child's ear reveals a
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Il` tympanic membrane that is pearly gray, slightly bulging, and not movable. Based on these
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Il` findings, what action should the nurse take? Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il`




A.No action is required, because this is an expected finding for a school-aged child.
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B.Ask if the child has had a cold, runny nose, or any ear pain lately.
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, C.Send a note home advising parents to have the child evaluated by a health care provider.
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D.Call the parents and have them take the child home from school for the rest of the day. - Correct
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Answers ANS: B
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More information is needed to interpret these findings (B). The tympanic membrane is normally
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pearly gray, not bulging, and moves when a client blows against resistance or when a small puff of
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air is blown into the ear canal. Because these findings are not completely normal, further
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assessment of history and related signs and symptoms are needed to interpret the findings
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accurately. Based on the data obtained from the otoscope examination, (A, C, and D) are not
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indicated.
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Il` A newborn female whose mother is HIV-positive is scheduled for the first follow-up assessment
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Il` with the nurse. If the child is HIV-positive, which initial symptom is she most likely to exhibit?
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A.Shortness of breath Il` Il`




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B.Joint pain Il`




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C.Persistent cold Il`




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D.Organomegaly - Correct Answers ANS: C Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il`




Respiratory tract infections commonly occur in the pediatric population, but the child with AIDS
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has a decreased ability to defend the body against these common infections. Thus, the most
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typical presenting symptom of a child who contracted AIDS through vertical transmission (i.e.,
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from the mother during delivery) is a persistent cold or respiratory infection (C). (A, B, and D) are
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symptoms of AIDS complications that may occur later as the disease progresses.
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Il` A child breaks out with varicella infection (chickenpox) while hospitalized for a minor surgical
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Il` procedure. Which intervention should the nurse implement first? Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il` Il`