Test Bank For Pediatric Physical Examination An Illustrated Handbook 3rd Edition by Karen G. Duderstadt 9780323476508 Chapter 1-20 Complete Guide

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,Pediatric Physical Examination 3rd Edition Duderstadt TESTBANK
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Chapter 1: Approach to Care and Assessment of Children and Adolescents
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MULTIPLE CHOICE x




1. A nurse is reviewing developmental concepts for infants and children. Which statement best de
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scribes development in infants and children?
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a. Development, a predictable and orderly process, occurs at varying rates within normal limits.
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b. Development is primarily related to the growth in the number and size of cells.
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, c. Development occurs in a proximodistal direction with fine muscle development occurring fi
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rst.

d. Development is more easily and accurately measured than growth. x x x x x x x x




ANS: A x




Development, a continuous orderly process, provides the basis for increases in the childs function and
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complexity of behavior. The increases in rate of function and complexity can vary normally within li
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mits for each child. An increase in the number and size of cells is a definition for growth. Developmen
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t proceeds in a proximodistal direction with fine muscle organization occurring as a result of large mu
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scle organization. Development is a more complex process that is affected by many factors; therefore
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, it is less easily and accurately measured. Growth is a predictable process with standard measurement
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methods.
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2. Frequent developmental assessments are important for which reason?
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a. Stable developmental periods during infancy provide an opportunity to identify any delays or de
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ficits.

b. Infants need stimulation specific to the stage of development.
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c. Critical periods of development occur during childhood. x x x x x x




d. Child development is unpredictable and needs monitoring.
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ANS: C x




Critical periods are blocks of time during which children are ready to master specific developmental t
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asks. Children can master these tasks more easily during particular periods of time in their growth and
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developmental process. Infancy is a dynamic time of development that requires frequent evaluations
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to assess appropriate developmental progress. Infants in a nurturing environment will develop appro
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priately and will not necessarily need stimulation specific to their developmental stage. Normal grow
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th and development are orderly and proceed in a predictable pattern on the basis of each individuals a
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bilities and potentials. x x




3. Which factor has the greatest influence on child growth and development?
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a. Culture

b. Environment

c. Genetics