Test Bank For Pediatric Physical Examination An Illustrated Handbook 3rd Edition by Karen G. Duderstadt 9780323476508 Chapter 1-20 Complete Guide

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TEST BANK FOR PEDIATRIC
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PHYSICAL EXAMINATION AN
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ILLUSTRATED HANDBOOK
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3RDEDITION DUDERSTADT
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Pediatric Physical Examination 3rd Edition Duderstadt TESTBANK
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Chapter 1: Approach to Care and Assessment of Children and Adolescents
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MULTIPLE CHOICE nn




1. A nurse is reviewing developmental concepts for infants and children. Which statement
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nn bestdescribes development in infants and children?
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a. Development, a predictable and orderly process, occurs at varying rates
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withinnormal limits.
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b. Development is primarily related to the growth in the number and size of cells.
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c. Development occurs in a proximodistal direction with fine muscle
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developmentoccurring first.
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d. Development is more easily and accurately measured than growth.
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ANS: A nn




Development, a continuous orderly process, provides the basis for increases in the childs
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nn function and complexity of behavior. The increases in rate of function and complexity
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nn can varynormally within limits for each child. An increase in the number and size of
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nn cells is a definitionfor growth. Development proceeds in a proximodistal direction with
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nn fine muscle organization occurring as a result of large muscle organization. Development
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is a more complex process thatis affected by many factors; therefore, it is less easily and
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nn accurately measured. Growth is a predictable process with standard measurement
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nn methods.

2. Frequent developmental assessments are important for which reason?
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a. Stable developmental periods during infancy provide an opportunity to
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identifyany delays or deficits.
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b. Infants need stimulation specific to the stage of development.
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c. Critical periods of development occur during childhood.
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d. Child development is unpredictable and needs monitoring.
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ANS: C nn




Critical periods are blocks of time during which children are ready to master specific
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nn developmental tasks. Children can master these tasks more easily during particular periods
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of time in their growth and developmental process. Infancy is a dynamic time of
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development that requires frequent evaluations to assess appropriate developmental
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progress. Infants in a nurturingenvironment will develop appropriately and will not
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necessarily need stimulation specific to theirdevelopmental stage. Normal growth and
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development are orderly and proceed in a predictable pattern on the basis of each
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nn individuals abilities and potentials. nn nn nn




3. Which factor has the greatest influence on child growth and development?
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a. Culture

b. Environment

c. Genetics

d. Nutrition


ANS: C nn




Genetic factors (heredity) determine each individuals growth and developmental rate.
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nn Although factors such as environment, culture, nutrition, and family can influence genetic
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traits, they do not eliminate the effect of the genetic endowment, which is permanent.
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Culture is a significant factor that influences how children grow toward adulthood. Culture
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influences both growth and development but does not eliminate inborn genetic influences.
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Environment has a significant rolein determining growth and development both before and
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nn after birth. The environment can influence how and to which extent genetic traits are
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nn manifested, but environmental factors cannoteliminate the effect of genetics. Nutrition is
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nn critical for growth and plays a significant role throughout childhood.
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4. A nurse is planning a teaching session with a child. According to Piagetian theory, the
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period of cognitive development in which the child is able to distinguish fact from
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nn fantasy is the period of cognitive development.
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a. sensorimotor




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