GMS 6401 TEST 2 QUESTIONS AND 100%
VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS!!
what is the minor source of metabolic acids
-production of fixed acids, from protein metabolism
-ex: sulphuric acid, phosphoric acid
-these have to be excreted in the urine
what is the immediate line of defense for acid-base balance
-rapid buffering by the bodies buffers
what is the intermediate line of defense for acid-base balance
-respiratory compensation via control of total CO2 content
-CO2 removed from lungs
-works via the HCO3 buffering system
-CO2 production will deplete HCO3 stores
what is the long term line of defense for acid-base balance
-renal compensation
-removal of excess H+
-regeneration of base (HCO3)
-reabsorbs filtered HCO3-
what is the definition of a buffer
a system that resists a change in pH when acid or base is added
what is a great example of an extracellular buffer
-HCO3
what are good examples of intracellular buffers
-negatively charged proteins in plasma
-CO3 in bones
, how does K+ change in response to immediate acid-base buffering
-increase in plasma K+ and a fall in collecting duct K+ secretion and excretion
what does the increase in plasma K+ during acid-base buffering trigger the release of
aldosterone
hw does an increase in HCO3 change pH
increases pH, so less acidic
how does a decreased CO2 change pH
increases pH, so less acidic
how does an increased CO2 change pH
lowers pH, so more acidic
how does a decreased HCO3 change pH
lowers pH, so more acidic
in controlling respiration, what do the central and peripheral chemoreceptors respond to
-respond to pCO2 and pH
how does respiration change when the PCO2 increases ((body becomes more acidic)
-increase in respiration through CO2 chemoreceptors (direct stimulus)
-increase respiration via reduction in plasma pH (indirect stimulus)
is the Na+, H+ exchanger in the proximal tubule an indirect or direct method of
reabsorption
indirect
is HCO3- filtered out or reabsorbed in the proximal tubule
-80% is reabsorbed due to presence of carbonic anhydrase (CA)
-also due to H+ secretion
VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS!!
what is the minor source of metabolic acids
-production of fixed acids, from protein metabolism
-ex: sulphuric acid, phosphoric acid
-these have to be excreted in the urine
what is the immediate line of defense for acid-base balance
-rapid buffering by the bodies buffers
what is the intermediate line of defense for acid-base balance
-respiratory compensation via control of total CO2 content
-CO2 removed from lungs
-works via the HCO3 buffering system
-CO2 production will deplete HCO3 stores
what is the long term line of defense for acid-base balance
-renal compensation
-removal of excess H+
-regeneration of base (HCO3)
-reabsorbs filtered HCO3-
what is the definition of a buffer
a system that resists a change in pH when acid or base is added
what is a great example of an extracellular buffer
-HCO3
what are good examples of intracellular buffers
-negatively charged proteins in plasma
-CO3 in bones
, how does K+ change in response to immediate acid-base buffering
-increase in plasma K+ and a fall in collecting duct K+ secretion and excretion
what does the increase in plasma K+ during acid-base buffering trigger the release of
aldosterone
hw does an increase in HCO3 change pH
increases pH, so less acidic
how does a decreased CO2 change pH
increases pH, so less acidic
how does an increased CO2 change pH
lowers pH, so more acidic
how does a decreased HCO3 change pH
lowers pH, so more acidic
in controlling respiration, what do the central and peripheral chemoreceptors respond to
-respond to pCO2 and pH
how does respiration change when the PCO2 increases ((body becomes more acidic)
-increase in respiration through CO2 chemoreceptors (direct stimulus)
-increase respiration via reduction in plasma pH (indirect stimulus)
is the Na+, H+ exchanger in the proximal tubule an indirect or direct method of
reabsorption
indirect
is HCO3- filtered out or reabsorbed in the proximal tubule
-80% is reabsorbed due to presence of carbonic anhydrase (CA)
-also due to H+ secretion
