NUR 162 - FINAL EXAM Questions And
CORRECT Answers
mood/affective disorders - CORRECT ANSWERS Pervasive alterations in emotions manifested by
depression, mania, or both
Interference with life; long-term sadness, agitation, or elation
Etiology of Mood Disorders - CORRECT ANSWERS Neurotransmitters: Decline in serotonin and
norepinephrine
Cognitive: Negative thoughts and rumination (can't let something go) + negative self-talk
Social Skills: Lack of interpersonal skills
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) - CORRECT ANSWERS last at least 2 years
symptoms
-depressed mood or loss of pleasure in nearly all activities
-changes in eating
hypersomnia/insomnia
-impaired concentration
-inability to cope
pessimistic thinking
MAOI, SSRIs, atypical
mania - CORRECT ANSWERS distinct period during which mood is abnormally and persistently
elevated, expansive, or irritable. Typically, this period lasts about 1 week
,S/S of mania - CORRECT ANSWERS -inflated self-esteem or grandiosity;
-decreased sleep
-excessive and pressured speech (unrelenting, rapid, often loud talking without pauses)
-flight of ideas (racing, often unconnected, thoughts)
-distractibility; increased activity or psychomotor agitation
-excessive involvement in pleasure-seeking or risk-taking activities with a high potential for painful
consequences.
Hypomania - CORRECT ANSWERS period of abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive, or
irritable mood and some other milder symptoms of mania.
do not impair the person's ability to function
no psychotic features (delusions/hallucinations)
SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) - CORRECT ANSWERS fluoxetine, sertraline,
paroxetine, citalopram, escitalopram
blocks reuptake of serotonin
Common SE when resolved
insomnia decreases in 3 to 4 days, appetite returns to a more normal state in 5 to 7 days, and energy
returns in 4
Fluoxetine /Prozac-SSRI - CORRECT ANSWERS Monitor for rash, hives, tremor, insomnia,
headache, anxiety, drowsiness, nausea, loss of appetite; avoid alcohol, slightly higher rate of mild
agitation
,-Monitor for hyponatremia.
Sertraline (Zoloft) SSRI - CORRECT ANSWERS SE
Dizziness, sedation, tremor, sexual dysfunction, diarrhea, dry mouth, N/V, diarrhea, headache, insomnia,
loss of appetite, and sweating
-avoid alcohol, manic episode (can worsen)
-Monitor hyponatremia
Paroxetine (Paxil) SSRI - CORRECT ANSWERS SE
Dizziness, sedation, insomnia weakness, fatigue, dry mouth, loss of appetite, N/V, sexual dysfunction, and
sweating
-avoid alcohol
-Administer with food.
Citalopram (Celexa) SSRI - CORRECT ANSWERS SE
Drowsiness, insomnia, N/V, weight gain
-Monitor for hyponatremia.
-Administer with food.
-Administer the dose at 6 p.m. or later.
Escitalopram (Lexapro) SSRI - CORRECT ANSWERS Drowsiness, dizziness, weight gain, sexual
dysfunction, restlessness, dry mouth, headache, nausea, and diarrhea
-Check orthostatic blood pressure.
-Administer with food.
, TCAs (tricyclic antidepressants) - CORRECT ANSWERS Amitriptyline (Elavil), imipamine,
disipramine, nortriptlyine, doxepin
blocks activity of NE and serotonin or increasing sensitivity of postsynaptic receptor site
They relieve symptoms of hopelessness, helplessness, anhedonia, inappropriate guilt, suicidal ideation,
and daily mood variations
not for liver impairment or recovery MI
cannot be given with MAOIs
take4- 6 weeks for full effect but 10-14 days for some effect
common SE
dry mouth, orthostatic hypotension, tachycardia, insomnia, constipation, weight gain
Atypical Antidepressants - CORRECT ANSWERS Used when the client has an inadequate
response to or side effects from SSRIs
inhibit reuptake of NE, serotonin and dopamine
monitor kidney and liver function
bupropion, mirtazapine, duloxetine, venlafaxine,
Venlafaxine (Effexor) - CORRECT ANSWERS blocks the reuptake of serotonin, norepinephrine,
and dopamine (weakly)
SE
CORRECT Answers
mood/affective disorders - CORRECT ANSWERS Pervasive alterations in emotions manifested by
depression, mania, or both
Interference with life; long-term sadness, agitation, or elation
Etiology of Mood Disorders - CORRECT ANSWERS Neurotransmitters: Decline in serotonin and
norepinephrine
Cognitive: Negative thoughts and rumination (can't let something go) + negative self-talk
Social Skills: Lack of interpersonal skills
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) - CORRECT ANSWERS last at least 2 years
symptoms
-depressed mood or loss of pleasure in nearly all activities
-changes in eating
hypersomnia/insomnia
-impaired concentration
-inability to cope
pessimistic thinking
MAOI, SSRIs, atypical
mania - CORRECT ANSWERS distinct period during which mood is abnormally and persistently
elevated, expansive, or irritable. Typically, this period lasts about 1 week
,S/S of mania - CORRECT ANSWERS -inflated self-esteem or grandiosity;
-decreased sleep
-excessive and pressured speech (unrelenting, rapid, often loud talking without pauses)
-flight of ideas (racing, often unconnected, thoughts)
-distractibility; increased activity or psychomotor agitation
-excessive involvement in pleasure-seeking or risk-taking activities with a high potential for painful
consequences.
Hypomania - CORRECT ANSWERS period of abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive, or
irritable mood and some other milder symptoms of mania.
do not impair the person's ability to function
no psychotic features (delusions/hallucinations)
SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) - CORRECT ANSWERS fluoxetine, sertraline,
paroxetine, citalopram, escitalopram
blocks reuptake of serotonin
Common SE when resolved
insomnia decreases in 3 to 4 days, appetite returns to a more normal state in 5 to 7 days, and energy
returns in 4
Fluoxetine /Prozac-SSRI - CORRECT ANSWERS Monitor for rash, hives, tremor, insomnia,
headache, anxiety, drowsiness, nausea, loss of appetite; avoid alcohol, slightly higher rate of mild
agitation
,-Monitor for hyponatremia.
Sertraline (Zoloft) SSRI - CORRECT ANSWERS SE
Dizziness, sedation, tremor, sexual dysfunction, diarrhea, dry mouth, N/V, diarrhea, headache, insomnia,
loss of appetite, and sweating
-avoid alcohol, manic episode (can worsen)
-Monitor hyponatremia
Paroxetine (Paxil) SSRI - CORRECT ANSWERS SE
Dizziness, sedation, insomnia weakness, fatigue, dry mouth, loss of appetite, N/V, sexual dysfunction, and
sweating
-avoid alcohol
-Administer with food.
Citalopram (Celexa) SSRI - CORRECT ANSWERS SE
Drowsiness, insomnia, N/V, weight gain
-Monitor for hyponatremia.
-Administer with food.
-Administer the dose at 6 p.m. or later.
Escitalopram (Lexapro) SSRI - CORRECT ANSWERS Drowsiness, dizziness, weight gain, sexual
dysfunction, restlessness, dry mouth, headache, nausea, and diarrhea
-Check orthostatic blood pressure.
-Administer with food.
, TCAs (tricyclic antidepressants) - CORRECT ANSWERS Amitriptyline (Elavil), imipamine,
disipramine, nortriptlyine, doxepin
blocks activity of NE and serotonin or increasing sensitivity of postsynaptic receptor site
They relieve symptoms of hopelessness, helplessness, anhedonia, inappropriate guilt, suicidal ideation,
and daily mood variations
not for liver impairment or recovery MI
cannot be given with MAOIs
take4- 6 weeks for full effect but 10-14 days for some effect
common SE
dry mouth, orthostatic hypotension, tachycardia, insomnia, constipation, weight gain
Atypical Antidepressants - CORRECT ANSWERS Used when the client has an inadequate
response to or side effects from SSRIs
inhibit reuptake of NE, serotonin and dopamine
monitor kidney and liver function
bupropion, mirtazapine, duloxetine, venlafaxine,
Venlafaxine (Effexor) - CORRECT ANSWERS blocks the reuptake of serotonin, norepinephrine,
and dopamine (weakly)
SE
