NURS 242 Exam 1 :(Ethics, Leadership, &
Management: Questions & Answers: Updated A+
Score Guide Solution
/. A nurse witnesses another nurse providing care without proper hand hygiene and
reports this to the charge nurse. The charge nurse is friends with the other nurse and
refuses to take action. This is an examples of:
a) moral distress
b) moral indifference
c) ethical dilemma
d) moral conflict - Answer-a) moral distress
*she knows the action is wrong but is still not doing the right thing
*occurs when you are unable to act upon what you believe is the morally appropriate
action to take or when you otherwise act in a manner contrary to your personal and
professional values. You know what to do, but believe you cannot do it due to internal or
external barriers
/.What term occurs when you are unable to act upon what you believe is the morally
appropriate action to take or when you otherwise act in a manner contrary to your
personal and professional values. You know what to do, but believe you cannot do it
due to internal or external barriers?
*Self doubt, lack of assertiveness, and the perception of powerlessness are examples of
internal barriers. Inadequate staffing, lack of organizational support, poor relationships
with colleagues, and policies that conflict with the care needs of patients are examples
of external barriers. - Answer-Moral distress
*ex: nurse witnesses another nurse providing care without proper hand hygiene and
reports this to the charge nurse. The charge nurse is friends with the other nurse and
refuses to take action
/.A nurse-manager who makes decisions based on what will benefit the majority of the
nurse manager's subordinates is using what type of theical framework for decision
making?
a) intuitionist
b) duty based
c) rights based
d) utilitarianism - Answer-d) utilitarianism
,/.Which is not an element of ethical decision making?
a) beneficence
b) utility
c) paternalism
d) pragmatism - Answer-d) pragmatism
/.Nancy is a loyal and trustworthy nurse that performs the duties that are expected of
her. Which principle of ethical reasoning is Nancy displaying?
a) justice
b) nonmaleficence
c) fidelity
d) beneficence - Answer-c) fidelity
/.The nurse in a unit is caring for several clients. To distribute nursing care the nurse
used the principle for triage due to the limited availability resources of resources. The
nurse is promoting which ethical principle?
a) fidelity
b) justice
c) confidentiality
d) veracity - Answer-b) justice
/.Nursing ethics providers the standards for professional behavior and is the study of
principles of right and wrong for nurses. The standards states the duties and obligations
of the nurse should include which of the following?
a) individual
b) client
c) community
d) all of the above - Answer-d) all of the above
/.When does a moral issue become an ethical dilemma?
a) Health care does not have ethical dilemmas
b) When the values of a person change over time
c) There is no acceptable reason for the wrong choice
d) When forced to choose between two or more undesirable alternatives - Answer-d)
When forced to choose between two or more undesirable alternatives
/.The nurse manager didn't hire Sally, RN for the assistant manager job. The nurse
maager informed Sally that she was a "great fit" but an internal candidate was selected
instead. The real reason Sally, RN wasn't hired was because her drug test was positive.
Which of the principles of ethical reasoning didn't the nurse manager follow?
a) utility
b) paternalism
c) autonomy
d) veracity - Answer-d) veracity
*it is the obligation to tell the truth; "truth telling"
,/.What term describes the obligation to the truth?
*"truth telling" - Answer-Veracity
/.A client is advised by the doctor to undergo chemotherapy. An informed consent is not
yet signed. This client requests information related to chemotherapy and the drugs that
will be given to him. The nurse explained the side effects of the medications. The nurse
answered all the questions of the client honestly even though the client choose not to
undergo chemotherapy. Then nurse used which principle of ethical reasoning?
a) confidentiality
b) veracity
c) justice
d) fidelity - Answer-b) veracity
*it is the obligation to tell the truth; "truth telling"
*the nurse is displaying truth telling by explaining the effects of chemo
/.Nurse Bobby avoids deliberate harm and risk of harm during his performance of
nursing actions. The nurse is promoting which ethical principle?
a) autonomy
b) nonmaleficence
c) justice
d) beneficence - Answer-b) nonmaleficence
*it directs us to act in ways that avoid harm to others, including even the risk of harm
/.What ethical principle directs us to act in ways that avoid harm to others, including
even the risk of harm?
a) respect for persons
b) nonmaleficence
c) beneficence
d) justice - Answer-b) nonmaleficence
*ex: Nurse Bobby avoids deliberate harm and risk of harm during his performance of
nursing actions
/.Which statement by the charge nurse indicates that they are an autocratic leadership
style?
a) "you must complete all the a.m. care before you take your morning break"
b) "I don't care how the work is done as long as it is completed on time"
c) "I would like to talk to you about your ideas on a new staffing mix"
d) "I think we should have a port luck lunch tomorrow because it is Saturday" - Answer-
a) "you must complete all the a.m. care before you take your morning break"
*it is when they make all decisions and are generally most concerned with the tasks to
be accomplished. Maintain distance from their followers, motivating them through the
, threat of punishment and offer of rewards and incentives. Often use when a decision
needs to be made quickly.
/.What leadership style makes all decisions and are generally most concerned with the
tasks to be accomplished. Maintain distance from their followers, motivating them
through the threat of punishment and offer of rewards and incentives. Often use when a
decision needs to be made quickly. - Answer-Autocratic leadership style
-Advantages: decisive; effective for emergencies, new employees, and large group;
may decrease perceptions of favoritism;
-Disadvantages: takes away choice and group involvement (doesn't promote teamwork)
; followers may perceive that opinion doesn't matter
/.What leadership style is effective for emergencies, new employees, & large groups
BUT takes away choice and group involvement?
a) democratic
b) autocratic
c) laissez-faire
d) transactional - Answer-b) autocratic
*this leader makes all decisions and are generally most concerned with the tasks to be
accomplished. Maintain distance from their followers, motivating them through the threat
of punishment and offer of rewards and incentives. Often use when a decision needs to
be made quickly.
/.The critical care unit is having problems with staff members clocking in late and
clocking out early from the shift. Which statement by the charge nurse indicates they
have a democratic leadership style?
a) "you cannot clock out 1 minute before your shift is complete"
b) "as long as your work is done you can clock out any time you want"
c) "we are going to have a meeting to discuss the clocking in process"
d) "the clinical manager will take care of anyone who clocks out early" - Answer-c) "we
are going to have a meeting to discuss the clocking in process"
*it involves followers in the decision making processes by using a participatory
leadership style. Show more concerned about followers than do autocratic leaders.
Useful when the followers are experienced workers, particular when they have
professional education and socialization.
/.The psychiatric unit staff is upset about the new charge nurse that just sits in the office
all day. One of the staff members informs the clinical manager about the situation.
Which statement by the clinical manager indicates a laissez-faire leadership style?
a) "I will schedule a meeting to discuss the concerns of the charge nurse"
b) "I hired the new charge nurse and she is doing what I told her to do"
c) "you and the staff really should take care of this situation on your own"
Management: Questions & Answers: Updated A+
Score Guide Solution
/. A nurse witnesses another nurse providing care without proper hand hygiene and
reports this to the charge nurse. The charge nurse is friends with the other nurse and
refuses to take action. This is an examples of:
a) moral distress
b) moral indifference
c) ethical dilemma
d) moral conflict - Answer-a) moral distress
*she knows the action is wrong but is still not doing the right thing
*occurs when you are unable to act upon what you believe is the morally appropriate
action to take or when you otherwise act in a manner contrary to your personal and
professional values. You know what to do, but believe you cannot do it due to internal or
external barriers
/.What term occurs when you are unable to act upon what you believe is the morally
appropriate action to take or when you otherwise act in a manner contrary to your
personal and professional values. You know what to do, but believe you cannot do it
due to internal or external barriers?
*Self doubt, lack of assertiveness, and the perception of powerlessness are examples of
internal barriers. Inadequate staffing, lack of organizational support, poor relationships
with colleagues, and policies that conflict with the care needs of patients are examples
of external barriers. - Answer-Moral distress
*ex: nurse witnesses another nurse providing care without proper hand hygiene and
reports this to the charge nurse. The charge nurse is friends with the other nurse and
refuses to take action
/.A nurse-manager who makes decisions based on what will benefit the majority of the
nurse manager's subordinates is using what type of theical framework for decision
making?
a) intuitionist
b) duty based
c) rights based
d) utilitarianism - Answer-d) utilitarianism
,/.Which is not an element of ethical decision making?
a) beneficence
b) utility
c) paternalism
d) pragmatism - Answer-d) pragmatism
/.Nancy is a loyal and trustworthy nurse that performs the duties that are expected of
her. Which principle of ethical reasoning is Nancy displaying?
a) justice
b) nonmaleficence
c) fidelity
d) beneficence - Answer-c) fidelity
/.The nurse in a unit is caring for several clients. To distribute nursing care the nurse
used the principle for triage due to the limited availability resources of resources. The
nurse is promoting which ethical principle?
a) fidelity
b) justice
c) confidentiality
d) veracity - Answer-b) justice
/.Nursing ethics providers the standards for professional behavior and is the study of
principles of right and wrong for nurses. The standards states the duties and obligations
of the nurse should include which of the following?
a) individual
b) client
c) community
d) all of the above - Answer-d) all of the above
/.When does a moral issue become an ethical dilemma?
a) Health care does not have ethical dilemmas
b) When the values of a person change over time
c) There is no acceptable reason for the wrong choice
d) When forced to choose between two or more undesirable alternatives - Answer-d)
When forced to choose between two or more undesirable alternatives
/.The nurse manager didn't hire Sally, RN for the assistant manager job. The nurse
maager informed Sally that she was a "great fit" but an internal candidate was selected
instead. The real reason Sally, RN wasn't hired was because her drug test was positive.
Which of the principles of ethical reasoning didn't the nurse manager follow?
a) utility
b) paternalism
c) autonomy
d) veracity - Answer-d) veracity
*it is the obligation to tell the truth; "truth telling"
,/.What term describes the obligation to the truth?
*"truth telling" - Answer-Veracity
/.A client is advised by the doctor to undergo chemotherapy. An informed consent is not
yet signed. This client requests information related to chemotherapy and the drugs that
will be given to him. The nurse explained the side effects of the medications. The nurse
answered all the questions of the client honestly even though the client choose not to
undergo chemotherapy. Then nurse used which principle of ethical reasoning?
a) confidentiality
b) veracity
c) justice
d) fidelity - Answer-b) veracity
*it is the obligation to tell the truth; "truth telling"
*the nurse is displaying truth telling by explaining the effects of chemo
/.Nurse Bobby avoids deliberate harm and risk of harm during his performance of
nursing actions. The nurse is promoting which ethical principle?
a) autonomy
b) nonmaleficence
c) justice
d) beneficence - Answer-b) nonmaleficence
*it directs us to act in ways that avoid harm to others, including even the risk of harm
/.What ethical principle directs us to act in ways that avoid harm to others, including
even the risk of harm?
a) respect for persons
b) nonmaleficence
c) beneficence
d) justice - Answer-b) nonmaleficence
*ex: Nurse Bobby avoids deliberate harm and risk of harm during his performance of
nursing actions
/.Which statement by the charge nurse indicates that they are an autocratic leadership
style?
a) "you must complete all the a.m. care before you take your morning break"
b) "I don't care how the work is done as long as it is completed on time"
c) "I would like to talk to you about your ideas on a new staffing mix"
d) "I think we should have a port luck lunch tomorrow because it is Saturday" - Answer-
a) "you must complete all the a.m. care before you take your morning break"
*it is when they make all decisions and are generally most concerned with the tasks to
be accomplished. Maintain distance from their followers, motivating them through the
, threat of punishment and offer of rewards and incentives. Often use when a decision
needs to be made quickly.
/.What leadership style makes all decisions and are generally most concerned with the
tasks to be accomplished. Maintain distance from their followers, motivating them
through the threat of punishment and offer of rewards and incentives. Often use when a
decision needs to be made quickly. - Answer-Autocratic leadership style
-Advantages: decisive; effective for emergencies, new employees, and large group;
may decrease perceptions of favoritism;
-Disadvantages: takes away choice and group involvement (doesn't promote teamwork)
; followers may perceive that opinion doesn't matter
/.What leadership style is effective for emergencies, new employees, & large groups
BUT takes away choice and group involvement?
a) democratic
b) autocratic
c) laissez-faire
d) transactional - Answer-b) autocratic
*this leader makes all decisions and are generally most concerned with the tasks to be
accomplished. Maintain distance from their followers, motivating them through the threat
of punishment and offer of rewards and incentives. Often use when a decision needs to
be made quickly.
/.The critical care unit is having problems with staff members clocking in late and
clocking out early from the shift. Which statement by the charge nurse indicates they
have a democratic leadership style?
a) "you cannot clock out 1 minute before your shift is complete"
b) "as long as your work is done you can clock out any time you want"
c) "we are going to have a meeting to discuss the clocking in process"
d) "the clinical manager will take care of anyone who clocks out early" - Answer-c) "we
are going to have a meeting to discuss the clocking in process"
*it involves followers in the decision making processes by using a participatory
leadership style. Show more concerned about followers than do autocratic leaders.
Useful when the followers are experienced workers, particular when they have
professional education and socialization.
/.The psychiatric unit staff is upset about the new charge nurse that just sits in the office
all day. One of the staff members informs the clinical manager about the situation.
Which statement by the clinical manager indicates a laissez-faire leadership style?
a) "I will schedule a meeting to discuss the concerns of the charge nurse"
b) "I hired the new charge nurse and she is doing what I told her to do"
c) "you and the staff really should take care of this situation on your own"
