RIO BIO 156 TEST PAPER 2025/2026 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔Sucrose is formed - ✔✔from two monosaccharides by dehydration synthesis
✔✔DNA differs from RNA because DNA - ✔✔contains thymine in place of uracil
✔✔Glucose molecules are to starch as __________ are to proteins. - ✔✔amino acids
✔✔Nucleotides - ✔✔-contain nitrogenous bases.
-contain sugar molecules.
-contain phosphate groups.
-can be linked together to form nucleic acids
✔✔Genetic information is encoded in the - ✔✔sequence of nucleotides in DNA.
✔✔Light microscopes - ✔✔use light and glass lenses to magnify an image.
✔✔A scanning electron microscope is used to study __________, whereas a
transmission electron microscope is used to study __________. - ✔✔cell surfaces . . .
internal cell structures
✔✔Which of the following statements is consistent with the Cell Theory? - ✔✔The cell is
the basic structural and functional unity of life.
✔✔We can characterize the fluid mosaic model of a membrane as ____________
floating in a sea of ___________ - ✔✔proteins; lipid
✔✔Large, round cells can overcome surface area to volume problems by -
✔✔becoming smaller, narrower or flatter.
✔✔As cell size increases, the - ✔✔volume increases faster than the surface area.
✔✔Cells that lack a membrane-bound nucleus are __________ cells. - ✔✔prokaryotic
✔✔The membranous compartmentalization of a cell - ✔✔allows different metabolic
processes to occur simultaneously.
✔✔If a biologist said that eukaryotic cells get their power from bacteria, they would be
referring to - ✔✔the mitochondria in our cells that may have originated as
endosymbiotic bacteria.
✔✔Long fibers of DNA and protein are called a - ✔✔chromatin.
, ✔✔Smooth endoplasmic reticulum - ✔✔stores calcium ions in muscle cells.
✔✔Secretory proteins are - ✔✔released from the cell through the plasma membrane.
✔✔The Golgi apparatus - ✔✔stores, modifies, and packages proteins.
✔✔What helps to digest worn-out or damaged organelles, recycle materials within the
cell, fuse with food vacuoles to expose nutrients to lysosomal enzymes, destroy harmful
bacteria engulfed by white blood cells. - ✔✔Lysosomes
✔✔What prevent cells from bursting as a result of the influx of excess water? -
✔✔Contractile vacuoles
✔✔Cilia differ from flagella in that - ✔✔Cilia are typically more numerous and shorter
than flagella
✔✔Plants with rigid cell walls are unable to do which process? - ✔✔Phagocytosis
✔✔Which of the following cell structures is not associated with the breakdown of
harmful substances or substances that are no longer needed by the cell? -
✔✔Mitochondria
✔✔Small, nonpolar, hydrophobic molecules such as fatty acids - ✔✔easily pass through
a membrane's lipid bilayer.
✔✔Which one of the following is not a function of membrane proteins? - ✔✔-serve as
enzymes.
-attach the membrane to the cytoskeleton.
-provide cellular identification tags.
-form junctions between cells.
✔✔Diffusion does not require the cell to expend ATP. Therefore, diffusion is considered
a type of: - ✔✔Passive transport
✔✔If you were to transfer a saltwater, single-celled protist to fresh water, which of the
following is likely to happen? - ✔✔The cell will swell and burst
✔✔Osmosis can be defined as: - ✔✔The diffusion of water across a membrane.
✔✔If you were to transfer a freshwater, single-celled protist to saltwater, which of the
following is likely to happen? - ✔✔The cell will shrink.
ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔Sucrose is formed - ✔✔from two monosaccharides by dehydration synthesis
✔✔DNA differs from RNA because DNA - ✔✔contains thymine in place of uracil
✔✔Glucose molecules are to starch as __________ are to proteins. - ✔✔amino acids
✔✔Nucleotides - ✔✔-contain nitrogenous bases.
-contain sugar molecules.
-contain phosphate groups.
-can be linked together to form nucleic acids
✔✔Genetic information is encoded in the - ✔✔sequence of nucleotides in DNA.
✔✔Light microscopes - ✔✔use light and glass lenses to magnify an image.
✔✔A scanning electron microscope is used to study __________, whereas a
transmission electron microscope is used to study __________. - ✔✔cell surfaces . . .
internal cell structures
✔✔Which of the following statements is consistent with the Cell Theory? - ✔✔The cell is
the basic structural and functional unity of life.
✔✔We can characterize the fluid mosaic model of a membrane as ____________
floating in a sea of ___________ - ✔✔proteins; lipid
✔✔Large, round cells can overcome surface area to volume problems by -
✔✔becoming smaller, narrower or flatter.
✔✔As cell size increases, the - ✔✔volume increases faster than the surface area.
✔✔Cells that lack a membrane-bound nucleus are __________ cells. - ✔✔prokaryotic
✔✔The membranous compartmentalization of a cell - ✔✔allows different metabolic
processes to occur simultaneously.
✔✔If a biologist said that eukaryotic cells get their power from bacteria, they would be
referring to - ✔✔the mitochondria in our cells that may have originated as
endosymbiotic bacteria.
✔✔Long fibers of DNA and protein are called a - ✔✔chromatin.
, ✔✔Smooth endoplasmic reticulum - ✔✔stores calcium ions in muscle cells.
✔✔Secretory proteins are - ✔✔released from the cell through the plasma membrane.
✔✔The Golgi apparatus - ✔✔stores, modifies, and packages proteins.
✔✔What helps to digest worn-out or damaged organelles, recycle materials within the
cell, fuse with food vacuoles to expose nutrients to lysosomal enzymes, destroy harmful
bacteria engulfed by white blood cells. - ✔✔Lysosomes
✔✔What prevent cells from bursting as a result of the influx of excess water? -
✔✔Contractile vacuoles
✔✔Cilia differ from flagella in that - ✔✔Cilia are typically more numerous and shorter
than flagella
✔✔Plants with rigid cell walls are unable to do which process? - ✔✔Phagocytosis
✔✔Which of the following cell structures is not associated with the breakdown of
harmful substances or substances that are no longer needed by the cell? -
✔✔Mitochondria
✔✔Small, nonpolar, hydrophobic molecules such as fatty acids - ✔✔easily pass through
a membrane's lipid bilayer.
✔✔Which one of the following is not a function of membrane proteins? - ✔✔-serve as
enzymes.
-attach the membrane to the cytoskeleton.
-provide cellular identification tags.
-form junctions between cells.
✔✔Diffusion does not require the cell to expend ATP. Therefore, diffusion is considered
a type of: - ✔✔Passive transport
✔✔If you were to transfer a saltwater, single-celled protist to fresh water, which of the
following is likely to happen? - ✔✔The cell will swell and burst
✔✔Osmosis can be defined as: - ✔✔The diffusion of water across a membrane.
✔✔If you were to transfer a freshwater, single-celled protist to saltwater, which of the
following is likely to happen? - ✔✔The cell will shrink.
