PREP 2025/2026 ACCURATE QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
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1. Anemia - ANSWER ✔ A decrease in the number of red blood cells
2. Anerurysm - ANSWER ✔ a localized weakening or dilation of an artery
wall
3. Anasarca - ANSWER ✔ generalized or widespread edema
4. Addison's Disease - ANSWER ✔ Disease resulting from a deficiency in the
secretion of adrenocortical hormones, with "bronze" discoloration of the
skin and electrolyte imbalances.
5. Ischemia - ANSWER ✔ Decreased blood flow to a body part
6. Jaundice - ANSWER ✔ Yellowish discoloration of the tissues due to the
presence of bile pigments (bilirubin) in the blood; icterus
7. Kyphosis - ANSWER ✔ "Humpback" or abnormal posterior curvature of the
spine
8. Lesion - ANSWER ✔ An area of structural damage as the result of disease
9. Leukocytosis - ANSWER ✔ An increase in the number of white blood cells
10.Leukopenia - ANSWER ✔ A decrease in the number of white blood cells
,11.Metastasis - ANSWER ✔ The spread of tumor cells from one location to
another via the blood or lymph nodes
12.Miliary Tuberculosis - ANSWER ✔ Form of tuberculosis where the lesions
are scattered widely in various body organs and tissues.
13.Myocarditis - ANSWER ✔ Inflammation of the heart muscle
14.Necrosis - ANSWER ✔ A localized area of dead tissue
15.Nephrolithiasis - ANSWER ✔ The process of kidney stone formation
16.Nephritis - ANSWER ✔ Inflammation of the kidney
17.Osteitis - ANSWER ✔ Inflammation of the bone
18.Osteomalacia - ANSWER ✔ Abnormal softening of the bones in adults
19.Osteomyelitis - ANSWER ✔ Inflammation of the bone marrow
20.Osteoporosis - ANSWER ✔ Disease of bone characterized by the loss of
bone density and increased porosity
21.Petechiae - ANSWER ✔ Small spot-like, or "pin-point", hemorrhages in the
skin or mucous membranes
22.Pigmentation - ANSWER ✔ The passage or accumulation of abnormal
amounts of coloring matters into the tissues
23.Purpura - ANSWER ✔ Purplish discoloration of the tissues due to
widespread hemorrhages into the skin or mucous membranes
24.Pyelitis - ANSWER ✔ Inflammation of the kidney pelvis
25.Renal Calculus - ANSWER ✔ A kidney stone
,26.Rickets - ANSWER ✔ deficiency in calcium and vitamin D found in early
childhood
27.Scoliosis - ANSWER ✔ Abnormal lateral curvature of the spine
28.Stenosis - ANSWER ✔ Abnormal narrowing of an opening or passageway;
stricture
29.Thrombosis - ANSWER ✔ The formation of a blood clot within the
cardiovascular system
30.Uremia - ANSWER ✔ The presence of a blood clot within the
cardiovascular system
31.Vesicle - ANSWER ✔ An elevation on the skin containing fluid, as in a
blister
32.Necropsy - ANSWER ✔ A postmortem examination of the body; autopsy
33.Hypoplasia - ANSWER ✔ incomplete development of a body part
34.Embolism - ANSWER ✔ object floating through blood causing obstruction
35.thrombosis - ANSWER ✔ formation of blood clot within the heart of vessels
36.Ischemia - ANSWER ✔ decreased blood flow to a body part
37.Hypoxia - ANSWER ✔ Low oxygen saturation of the body, not enough
oxygen in the blood
38.infarction - ANSWER ✔ dying of a tissue due to lack of oxygen
39.edema - ANSWER ✔ excessive accumulation of fluid
40.hematomoa - ANSWER ✔ swelling filled with blood
41.pathology - ANSWER ✔ study of disease / suffering
, 42.humors - ANSWER ✔ blood, phlegm, black bile, yellow bile
43.lesion - ANSWER ✔ a change in tissues due to disease or injury
44.Etiology - ANSWER ✔ cause of disease
45.pathogeniesis - ANSWER ✔ development of disease / symptoms of disease
46.aplasia - ANSWER ✔ the defective development, or the congenital absence,
of an organ or tissue
47.absence of body parts
48.etiology - ANSWER ✔ cause of disease
49.hernia - ANSWER ✔ Protrusion of an organ through the wall of the cavity
that normally contains it
50.pandemic - ANSWER ✔ Disease that occurs over a wide geographic area
and affects a very high proportion of the population.
51.cyst - ANSWER ✔ sac containing fluid
52.cystic fibrosis (CF) - ANSWER ✔ hereditary disorder of the exocrine glands
characterized by excess mucus production in the respiratory tract, pancreatic
deficiency, and other symptoms
53.iatrogenic - ANSWER ✔ produced by a physician (the unexpected results
from a treatment prescribed by a physician)
54.disease - ANSWER ✔ An abnormal state in which the body is not
functioning normally
55.febrille - ANSWER ✔ fever
56.acute disease - ANSWER ✔ symptoms develop rapidly but the disease lasts
only a short time