Statistics Final Exam Questions With Accurate Solutions.
At the beginning of the semester, an Intro to Statistics instructor asked the
225 students enrolled in the class to complete a survey. For each student, the
instructor collects information about the following:
Sport (Favorite sport: Football, Baseball, Basketball, Hockey, Other)
Exercise (How many minutes do you spend exercising per week)
Personality (on a 0-25 scale, how would you describe your personality 0=total
introvert, 25=total extrovert)
Death penalty (Strongly agree, Agree, Neutral, Disagree, Strongly Disagree)
Which of the variables above is ordinal? - accurate answers-death penalty
In this example, Death penalty is an ordinal variable since the possible values
are naturally ordered from strong agreement to strong disagreement.
What kind of variable is Personality? - accurate answers-interval. Personality
is an interval variable since the value of 0 does not mean "no personality" but
rather it means total introvert.
What kind of variable is Sport? - accurate answers-nominal. Sport is a
categorical variable where the possible values do not have a natural order and
therefore it is nominal.
Which of the following variables is not a ratio variable? - accurate answers-
Temperature (Outside temperature)
Correct. Temperature is an interval variable. Temperature = 0 does not mean
that "there is no temperature" (in fact, there is no such thing). Temperature =
0 means that it is very cold that day.
What is the modal number of vegetable servings eaten, per day, by
adolescents in the United States? - accurate answers-two;The most commonly
occurring value is two; therefore, two is the modal number of vegetable
servings consumed, per day, by U.S. adolescents.
The distribution of the amount of money spent by students for textbooks in a
semester is approximately normal in shape with a mean of $235 and a
standard deviation of $20.
,According to the Standard Deviation Rule, in a semester, almost all (99.7%) of
the students spent on textbooks: - accurate answers-between 175 and 295
dollars.
The Standard Deviation Rule tells us that for distributions that have the
normal shape, approximately 99.7% of the observations fall within two
standard deviations of the mean. Indeed, 175 = 235 - 3 * 20 and 295 = 235 + 3
* 20 are exactly three standard deviations below and above the mean,
respectively.
To describe the center and spread of the above distribution, the appropriate
numerical measures are: - accurate answers-the median and the IQR
When the distribution is skewed or has outliers, the best measure of center is
the median, and the associated best measure of spread is the IQR.
A student survey was conducted in a major university, where data were
collected from a random sample of 750 undergraduate students. One variable
that was recorded for each student was the student's answer to the question:
With whom do you find it easiest to make friends? Opposite sex/Same sex/No
difference.
These data would be best displayed using which of the following? - accurate
answers-pie chart
the data that resulted from the survey question consisted of one variable (only
one response was recorded for each student), and that variable was
categorical (each student's response was one of the non-numerical categories
available). The only display choice listed that is appropriate for one
categorical variable is a pie chart.
Which city has greater variability in income? - accurate answers-statstown
the city whose boxplot appears longer (larger IQR and longer whiskers,
indicating a larger range) is the city whose incomes had more variability. In
this case, Statstown has more variability.
Which city has a greater percentage of households with annual incomes above
$80,000? - accurate answers-Both cities have the same percentage of
households with annual incomes above $80,000.
, In this case, the median for each city is $80,000, because the line inside each
box marks the median of the data. So in this case, exactly 50% of the
households in each city have annual incomes of more than $80,000.
Which city has a greater percentage of households with annual incomes
between $30,000 and $80,000? - accurate answers-medianville
A store asked 250 of its customers whether they were satisfied with the
service or not. The responses were also classified according to the gender of
the customers. We want to study whether there is a relationship between
satisfaction and gender.
A meaningful display of the data from this study would be: - accurate answers-
two-way table (also called a contingency table) is the appropriate display for
the comparing two categorical variables (that is, for the relationship between
a categorical explanatory variable, in this case "gender," and a categorical
response variable, in this case "satisfaction").
A survey was conducted to study the relationship between the annual income
of a family and the amount of money the family spends on entertainment. Data
were collected from a random sample of 280 families from a certain
metropolitan area.
A meaningful graphical display of these data would be: - accurate answers-
scatterplot.A scatterplot is the appropriate display for comparing two
quantitative variables (in other words, to display the relationship between a
quantitative explanatory variable, in this case "annual income," and a
quantitative response variable, in this case "amount spent on entertainment").
In order to study whether there is a relationship between IQ level and birth
order, data were collected from a sample of 540 students on their birth order
(Oldest/In Between/Youngest) and their score on an IQ test.
The data collected in this study would best be displayed using: - accurate
answers-Side-by-side boxplots are the appropriate display for comparing
several groups of quantitative data (in other words, for displaying the
relationship between a categorical explanatory variable, in this case "birth
order," and a quantitative response variable, in this case "IQ score").
At the beginning of the semester, an Intro to Statistics instructor asked the
225 students enrolled in the class to complete a survey. For each student, the
instructor collects information about the following:
Sport (Favorite sport: Football, Baseball, Basketball, Hockey, Other)
Exercise (How many minutes do you spend exercising per week)
Personality (on a 0-25 scale, how would you describe your personality 0=total
introvert, 25=total extrovert)
Death penalty (Strongly agree, Agree, Neutral, Disagree, Strongly Disagree)
Which of the variables above is ordinal? - accurate answers-death penalty
In this example, Death penalty is an ordinal variable since the possible values
are naturally ordered from strong agreement to strong disagreement.
What kind of variable is Personality? - accurate answers-interval. Personality
is an interval variable since the value of 0 does not mean "no personality" but
rather it means total introvert.
What kind of variable is Sport? - accurate answers-nominal. Sport is a
categorical variable where the possible values do not have a natural order and
therefore it is nominal.
Which of the following variables is not a ratio variable? - accurate answers-
Temperature (Outside temperature)
Correct. Temperature is an interval variable. Temperature = 0 does not mean
that "there is no temperature" (in fact, there is no such thing). Temperature =
0 means that it is very cold that day.
What is the modal number of vegetable servings eaten, per day, by
adolescents in the United States? - accurate answers-two;The most commonly
occurring value is two; therefore, two is the modal number of vegetable
servings consumed, per day, by U.S. adolescents.
The distribution of the amount of money spent by students for textbooks in a
semester is approximately normal in shape with a mean of $235 and a
standard deviation of $20.
,According to the Standard Deviation Rule, in a semester, almost all (99.7%) of
the students spent on textbooks: - accurate answers-between 175 and 295
dollars.
The Standard Deviation Rule tells us that for distributions that have the
normal shape, approximately 99.7% of the observations fall within two
standard deviations of the mean. Indeed, 175 = 235 - 3 * 20 and 295 = 235 + 3
* 20 are exactly three standard deviations below and above the mean,
respectively.
To describe the center and spread of the above distribution, the appropriate
numerical measures are: - accurate answers-the median and the IQR
When the distribution is skewed or has outliers, the best measure of center is
the median, and the associated best measure of spread is the IQR.
A student survey was conducted in a major university, where data were
collected from a random sample of 750 undergraduate students. One variable
that was recorded for each student was the student's answer to the question:
With whom do you find it easiest to make friends? Opposite sex/Same sex/No
difference.
These data would be best displayed using which of the following? - accurate
answers-pie chart
the data that resulted from the survey question consisted of one variable (only
one response was recorded for each student), and that variable was
categorical (each student's response was one of the non-numerical categories
available). The only display choice listed that is appropriate for one
categorical variable is a pie chart.
Which city has greater variability in income? - accurate answers-statstown
the city whose boxplot appears longer (larger IQR and longer whiskers,
indicating a larger range) is the city whose incomes had more variability. In
this case, Statstown has more variability.
Which city has a greater percentage of households with annual incomes above
$80,000? - accurate answers-Both cities have the same percentage of
households with annual incomes above $80,000.
, In this case, the median for each city is $80,000, because the line inside each
box marks the median of the data. So in this case, exactly 50% of the
households in each city have annual incomes of more than $80,000.
Which city has a greater percentage of households with annual incomes
between $30,000 and $80,000? - accurate answers-medianville
A store asked 250 of its customers whether they were satisfied with the
service or not. The responses were also classified according to the gender of
the customers. We want to study whether there is a relationship between
satisfaction and gender.
A meaningful display of the data from this study would be: - accurate answers-
two-way table (also called a contingency table) is the appropriate display for
the comparing two categorical variables (that is, for the relationship between
a categorical explanatory variable, in this case "gender," and a categorical
response variable, in this case "satisfaction").
A survey was conducted to study the relationship between the annual income
of a family and the amount of money the family spends on entertainment. Data
were collected from a random sample of 280 families from a certain
metropolitan area.
A meaningful graphical display of these data would be: - accurate answers-
scatterplot.A scatterplot is the appropriate display for comparing two
quantitative variables (in other words, to display the relationship between a
quantitative explanatory variable, in this case "annual income," and a
quantitative response variable, in this case "amount spent on entertainment").
In order to study whether there is a relationship between IQ level and birth
order, data were collected from a sample of 540 students on their birth order
(Oldest/In Between/Youngest) and their score on an IQ test.
The data collected in this study would best be displayed using: - accurate
answers-Side-by-side boxplots are the appropriate display for comparing
several groups of quantitative data (in other words, for displaying the
relationship between a categorical explanatory variable, in this case "birth
order," and a quantitative response variable, in this case "IQ score").
