AACVPR CCRP Exam Questions With Accurate Answers.
polyphenols - accurate answers-antioxidants
flavonoids are most abundant polyphenols in our diet
Phytosterols - accurate answers-Naturally occurring sterols found in plants.
Phytosterols lower LDL cholesterol levels by competing with cholesterol for
absorption in the intestinal tract.
Sterols added to milk, margarine, orange juice, olive oil, cheese, bread
fruits and vegetable - accurate answers-improve lipids, inflammation, and
endothelial function
nuts - accurate answers-high in fat and protein (10-30%)
monounsaturated fats and polyunsaturated fat good for reducing CVD
reduces TC, LDL and apolipoprotein
fish - accurate answers-high quality protein, PUFA, MUFA
fatty fish = omega 3s
lowers TG and reduce inflammation, improve endothelial function, and limit
platelet aggregation
red meat - accurate answers-higher CVD risk and diabetes
high sat fat in non-lean red meat
white meat - accurate answers-lower cholesterol
processed meats - accurate answers-high sodium and sat fat
preservatives, nitrates
dairy - accurate answers-calcium, high quality protein, linoleic acid, vitamins,
nutrients
lower lipids and improve endothelial function
non fat dairy - accurate answers-no SF or cholesterol and lower in cals = keep
benefits of dairy while taking away risk of CVD
diet for hypertension - accurate answers-lower sodium diet
1500 mg vs 1000 mg reduction
,DASH diet with lower sodium diet (what patient should eat vs what they
shouldn't eat)
taste buds adapt to lower sodium diet
weight loss and HTN - accurate answers-per 22 lbs, SBP decreases by 5-20
mmHg
3-5% weight loss in six months
alcohol and HTN - accurate answers-immediate effect is vasodilation, but high
blood alcohol levels increase BP short term
women: less than or equal to one drinks per day lowers BP by 2-4 mmHg
men: less than or equal to two drinks per day lowers BP by 2-4 mmHg
caffeine and HTN - accurate answers-acute intake raises BP
higher risk of HTN=more caffeine will increase BP
safe level (200 mg - one dose) will not induce clinically relevant change in BP,
MC BF, hydration status, body temp, perceived exertion with exercise
diabetic diet and glycemic control - accurate answers-macro proportions
individualized
(lower moderate CHO diet is fine)
diabetes and CHO - accurate answers-43-46% of diet
20-40% lowers A1C, BG, 24-h insulin, FBG
HDL increases with low carb diet
TD decreases with low and mod carb diet -
40-65% (mod carb) lowers A1C
high carb (70%) vegan diet lowers LDL
if patient is on insulin, the amount of CHO in the meal should ______ the dose of
insulin - accurate answers-match
healthful choices for CHO and diabetes - accurate answers-whole grain and
high fiber
protein and diabetes - accurate answers-important component of every meal
increases insulin response without effecting BG levels
30% of diet without diabetic kidney disease
,fat and diabetes - accurate answers-high fat increases insulin resistance
MUFA/PUFA do no increase IR
reduced fat (sat fat) diet reduced A1C
in patients who take insulin, meals that are high in fat may require _____
insulin than low fat meals - accurate answers-more
weight loss and diabetes - accurate answers-MNT(medical nutrition therapy)
improves BP, A1C, weight loss, and lipids
heart failure and sodium - accurate answers-lower sodium recommendation
than gen pop
less than 2000 mg and less than 2 L water consumed
optimal treatment for HF - accurate answers-ACE inhibitors, diuretics, fluid
restriciton
restore intracellular volume and renal blood flow
stage A/B CHF - accurate answers-less than or equal to 1500 mg
stage C/D CHF - accurate answers-less than 3000 mg
HF and water intake - accurate answers-1.5-2 L per day
if HF is on fluid restriction and sweats profusely - accurate answers-ask MD to
increase fluid allowance
HF and weight loss - accurate answers-not prioritized for HF patients
diet patern for HF - accurate answers-DASH, low sodium Mediterraean diet
social cognitive theory and diet - accurate answers-personal factors and
environment influence each other
model or observed learning (environmental)
grocery tours, healthy food potlucks, etc
social determination theory and diet - accurate answers-reinforcement
positive (measuring foods)
negative (skipping meals, eating out)
, education and diet - accurate answers-education materials for person who is
ready or willing to change
goal setting and diet - accurate answers-SMART goals
self-monitoring and diet - accurate answers-awareness of healthy decisions
problem solving and diet - accurate answers-identify problem (afternoon
snacking) and inquire what behaviors or steps must the pt make in order to
eat candy bar in desk at work and eliminate that step
mindful eating and intuitive eating - accurate answers-helps with overeating
SBP increases with exercise more with - accurate answers-isometric exercise
elderly
hypertensive
upper limits of SBP with exercise - accurate answers-200-220 mmHg
DBP typically _____ with substantial exercise because of - accurate answers-
decreases; peripheral vasodilation
hypertensive heart disease can cause - accurate answers-LVH, LV systolic
dysfunction, CAD, AA and aortic dissection
environmental factors that lead to HTN - accurate answers-sedentary lifestyle,
excessive alcohol ingestion, excessive sodium intake
most important risk factor for HTN - accurate answers-age
age 60-69 - accurate answers-50% have HTN
over age 70 - accurate answers-75% have HTN
high systolic BP and old age - accurate answers-aorta stiffens with age
comorbidities of HTN - accurate answers-obesity
sleep apnea
polyphenols - accurate answers-antioxidants
flavonoids are most abundant polyphenols in our diet
Phytosterols - accurate answers-Naturally occurring sterols found in plants.
Phytosterols lower LDL cholesterol levels by competing with cholesterol for
absorption in the intestinal tract.
Sterols added to milk, margarine, orange juice, olive oil, cheese, bread
fruits and vegetable - accurate answers-improve lipids, inflammation, and
endothelial function
nuts - accurate answers-high in fat and protein (10-30%)
monounsaturated fats and polyunsaturated fat good for reducing CVD
reduces TC, LDL and apolipoprotein
fish - accurate answers-high quality protein, PUFA, MUFA
fatty fish = omega 3s
lowers TG and reduce inflammation, improve endothelial function, and limit
platelet aggregation
red meat - accurate answers-higher CVD risk and diabetes
high sat fat in non-lean red meat
white meat - accurate answers-lower cholesterol
processed meats - accurate answers-high sodium and sat fat
preservatives, nitrates
dairy - accurate answers-calcium, high quality protein, linoleic acid, vitamins,
nutrients
lower lipids and improve endothelial function
non fat dairy - accurate answers-no SF or cholesterol and lower in cals = keep
benefits of dairy while taking away risk of CVD
diet for hypertension - accurate answers-lower sodium diet
1500 mg vs 1000 mg reduction
,DASH diet with lower sodium diet (what patient should eat vs what they
shouldn't eat)
taste buds adapt to lower sodium diet
weight loss and HTN - accurate answers-per 22 lbs, SBP decreases by 5-20
mmHg
3-5% weight loss in six months
alcohol and HTN - accurate answers-immediate effect is vasodilation, but high
blood alcohol levels increase BP short term
women: less than or equal to one drinks per day lowers BP by 2-4 mmHg
men: less than or equal to two drinks per day lowers BP by 2-4 mmHg
caffeine and HTN - accurate answers-acute intake raises BP
higher risk of HTN=more caffeine will increase BP
safe level (200 mg - one dose) will not induce clinically relevant change in BP,
MC BF, hydration status, body temp, perceived exertion with exercise
diabetic diet and glycemic control - accurate answers-macro proportions
individualized
(lower moderate CHO diet is fine)
diabetes and CHO - accurate answers-43-46% of diet
20-40% lowers A1C, BG, 24-h insulin, FBG
HDL increases with low carb diet
TD decreases with low and mod carb diet -
40-65% (mod carb) lowers A1C
high carb (70%) vegan diet lowers LDL
if patient is on insulin, the amount of CHO in the meal should ______ the dose of
insulin - accurate answers-match
healthful choices for CHO and diabetes - accurate answers-whole grain and
high fiber
protein and diabetes - accurate answers-important component of every meal
increases insulin response without effecting BG levels
30% of diet without diabetic kidney disease
,fat and diabetes - accurate answers-high fat increases insulin resistance
MUFA/PUFA do no increase IR
reduced fat (sat fat) diet reduced A1C
in patients who take insulin, meals that are high in fat may require _____
insulin than low fat meals - accurate answers-more
weight loss and diabetes - accurate answers-MNT(medical nutrition therapy)
improves BP, A1C, weight loss, and lipids
heart failure and sodium - accurate answers-lower sodium recommendation
than gen pop
less than 2000 mg and less than 2 L water consumed
optimal treatment for HF - accurate answers-ACE inhibitors, diuretics, fluid
restriciton
restore intracellular volume and renal blood flow
stage A/B CHF - accurate answers-less than or equal to 1500 mg
stage C/D CHF - accurate answers-less than 3000 mg
HF and water intake - accurate answers-1.5-2 L per day
if HF is on fluid restriction and sweats profusely - accurate answers-ask MD to
increase fluid allowance
HF and weight loss - accurate answers-not prioritized for HF patients
diet patern for HF - accurate answers-DASH, low sodium Mediterraean diet
social cognitive theory and diet - accurate answers-personal factors and
environment influence each other
model or observed learning (environmental)
grocery tours, healthy food potlucks, etc
social determination theory and diet - accurate answers-reinforcement
positive (measuring foods)
negative (skipping meals, eating out)
, education and diet - accurate answers-education materials for person who is
ready or willing to change
goal setting and diet - accurate answers-SMART goals
self-monitoring and diet - accurate answers-awareness of healthy decisions
problem solving and diet - accurate answers-identify problem (afternoon
snacking) and inquire what behaviors or steps must the pt make in order to
eat candy bar in desk at work and eliminate that step
mindful eating and intuitive eating - accurate answers-helps with overeating
SBP increases with exercise more with - accurate answers-isometric exercise
elderly
hypertensive
upper limits of SBP with exercise - accurate answers-200-220 mmHg
DBP typically _____ with substantial exercise because of - accurate answers-
decreases; peripheral vasodilation
hypertensive heart disease can cause - accurate answers-LVH, LV systolic
dysfunction, CAD, AA and aortic dissection
environmental factors that lead to HTN - accurate answers-sedentary lifestyle,
excessive alcohol ingestion, excessive sodium intake
most important risk factor for HTN - accurate answers-age
age 60-69 - accurate answers-50% have HTN
over age 70 - accurate answers-75% have HTN
high systolic BP and old age - accurate answers-aorta stiffens with age
comorbidities of HTN - accurate answers-obesity
sleep apnea
