NUR2392 Exam 1 Study Guide 2025/2026 –
Multidimensional Care II – Rasmussen
University | 100+ Verified Questions with
Correct Answers & Rationales | A+ Graded
Section: Diabetes Mellitus
Question 1
What is the primary cause of type 1 diabetes mellitus?
A: Insulin resistance
B: Autoimmune beta-cell destruction
C: Excessive insulin production
D: Glucagon deficiency
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Autoimmune beta-cell destruction leads to insulin deficiency in type 1 diabetes. A
is type 2, C and D are incorrect.
Question 2
Which symptom is most indicative of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)?
A: Hypoglycemia
B: Fruity breath odor
C: Weight gain
D: Bradycardia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fruity breath odor results from ketone production in DKA. A is opposite, C and D
are unrelated.
Question 3
What is a key nursing intervention for a patient with hyperglycemia?
A: Administer insulin as prescribed
B: Encourage high-sugar intake
C: Restrict fluid intake
D: Administer oral hypoglycemics
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Administer insulin as prescribed lowers blood glucose. B worsens hyperglycemia,
C risks dehydration, D is for type 2.
Question 4
Which lab value confirms DKA in a patient with type 1 diabetes?
,A: Blood glucose < 100 mg/dL
B: Serum pH > 7.45
C: Serum bicarbonate < 18 mEq/L
D: Serum potassium < 3.5 mEq/L
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Serum bicarbonate < 18 mEq/L indicates metabolic acidosis in DKA. A is
hypoglycemia, B is alkalosis, D is hypokalemia.
Question 5
What is a complication of untreated type 2 diabetes?
A: Hypoglycemia
B: Diabetic retinopathy
C: Hyperthyroidism
D: Increased insulin sensitivity
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Diabetic retinopathy results from chronic hyperglycemia. A is from treatment, C and
D are unrelated.
Question 6
Which patient education topic is critical for diabetes management?
A: Avoiding all carbohydrates
B: Monitoring blood glucose levels
C: Increasing sodium intake
D: Reducing physical activity
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Monitoring blood glucose levels guides treatment. A is extreme, C and D are
detrimental.
Question 7
What is the hallmark of hypoglycemia in a diabetic patient?
A: Blood glucose < 70 mg/dL
B: Blood glucose > 180 mg/dL
C: Increased urine output
D: Elevated serum ketones
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Blood glucose < 70 mg/dL defines hypoglycemia. B is hyperglycemia, C and D are
unrelated.
Question 8
Which intervention is appropriate for a patient with hypoglycemia?
A: Administer insulin
B: Restrict fluids
C: Provide 15g of simple carbohydrates
D: Administer glucagon IV
Correct Answer: C
, Rationale: Provide 15g of simple carbohydrates quickly raises blood glucose. A worsens
hypoglycemia, B is irrelevant, D is for severe cases.
Question 9
What is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes?
A: Autoimmune disease
B: Viral infection
C: Obesity
D: Low body mass index
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Obesity increases insulin resistance. A is type 1, B and D are less relevant.
Question 10
Which electrolyte imbalance is common in DKA?
A: Hypernatremia
B: Hypokalemia
C: Hypermagnesemia
D: Hypercalcemia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypokalemia occurs due to insulin therapy shifting potassium into cells. A, C, and D
are less common.
Question 11
What is a sign of hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS)?
A: Fruity breath
B: Severe dehydration
C: Normal mental status
D: Low blood glucose
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Severe dehydration results from extreme hyperglycemia in HHS. A is DKA, C and
D are incorrect.
Question 12
Which medication is commonly used for type 2 diabetes?
A: Metformin
B: Insulin glargine
C: Levothyroxine
D: Furosemide
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Metformin reduces insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes. B is insulin, C and D are
unrelated.
Question 13
What is a priority assessment for a patient with suspected DKA?
A: Arterial blood gases
B: Serum calcium levels
Multidimensional Care II – Rasmussen
University | 100+ Verified Questions with
Correct Answers & Rationales | A+ Graded
Section: Diabetes Mellitus
Question 1
What is the primary cause of type 1 diabetes mellitus?
A: Insulin resistance
B: Autoimmune beta-cell destruction
C: Excessive insulin production
D: Glucagon deficiency
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Autoimmune beta-cell destruction leads to insulin deficiency in type 1 diabetes. A
is type 2, C and D are incorrect.
Question 2
Which symptom is most indicative of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)?
A: Hypoglycemia
B: Fruity breath odor
C: Weight gain
D: Bradycardia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fruity breath odor results from ketone production in DKA. A is opposite, C and D
are unrelated.
Question 3
What is a key nursing intervention for a patient with hyperglycemia?
A: Administer insulin as prescribed
B: Encourage high-sugar intake
C: Restrict fluid intake
D: Administer oral hypoglycemics
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Administer insulin as prescribed lowers blood glucose. B worsens hyperglycemia,
C risks dehydration, D is for type 2.
Question 4
Which lab value confirms DKA in a patient with type 1 diabetes?
,A: Blood glucose < 100 mg/dL
B: Serum pH > 7.45
C: Serum bicarbonate < 18 mEq/L
D: Serum potassium < 3.5 mEq/L
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Serum bicarbonate < 18 mEq/L indicates metabolic acidosis in DKA. A is
hypoglycemia, B is alkalosis, D is hypokalemia.
Question 5
What is a complication of untreated type 2 diabetes?
A: Hypoglycemia
B: Diabetic retinopathy
C: Hyperthyroidism
D: Increased insulin sensitivity
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Diabetic retinopathy results from chronic hyperglycemia. A is from treatment, C and
D are unrelated.
Question 6
Which patient education topic is critical for diabetes management?
A: Avoiding all carbohydrates
B: Monitoring blood glucose levels
C: Increasing sodium intake
D: Reducing physical activity
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Monitoring blood glucose levels guides treatment. A is extreme, C and D are
detrimental.
Question 7
What is the hallmark of hypoglycemia in a diabetic patient?
A: Blood glucose < 70 mg/dL
B: Blood glucose > 180 mg/dL
C: Increased urine output
D: Elevated serum ketones
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Blood glucose < 70 mg/dL defines hypoglycemia. B is hyperglycemia, C and D are
unrelated.
Question 8
Which intervention is appropriate for a patient with hypoglycemia?
A: Administer insulin
B: Restrict fluids
C: Provide 15g of simple carbohydrates
D: Administer glucagon IV
Correct Answer: C
, Rationale: Provide 15g of simple carbohydrates quickly raises blood glucose. A worsens
hypoglycemia, B is irrelevant, D is for severe cases.
Question 9
What is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes?
A: Autoimmune disease
B: Viral infection
C: Obesity
D: Low body mass index
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Obesity increases insulin resistance. A is type 1, B and D are less relevant.
Question 10
Which electrolyte imbalance is common in DKA?
A: Hypernatremia
B: Hypokalemia
C: Hypermagnesemia
D: Hypercalcemia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypokalemia occurs due to insulin therapy shifting potassium into cells. A, C, and D
are less common.
Question 11
What is a sign of hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS)?
A: Fruity breath
B: Severe dehydration
C: Normal mental status
D: Low blood glucose
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Severe dehydration results from extreme hyperglycemia in HHS. A is DKA, C and
D are incorrect.
Question 12
Which medication is commonly used for type 2 diabetes?
A: Metformin
B: Insulin glargine
C: Levothyroxine
D: Furosemide
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Metformin reduces insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes. B is insulin, C and D are
unrelated.
Question 13
What is a priority assessment for a patient with suspected DKA?
A: Arterial blood gases
B: Serum calcium levels