NUR 414 - EXAM 2 QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
A 16 mo old has a hx of diarrhea for 3 days w/poor oral intake. He received IV fluids,
has tolerated some oral fluids in the ED, and is being discharged home. Instructions for
diet for this child should include:
A. BRAT diet (bananas, rice, applesauce, toast) for 24 hr, then a soft diet as tolerated
B. Chicken or beef broth for 24 hr, then resume a soft diet
C. Offer a regular diet as child's appetite warrants
D. Keep on clear liquids and toast for 24 hr - Answers - C
A 5 mo old infant is seen in the well-child clinic for a complaint of vomiting and failure to
grow. His birth weight was 7 lb, and he now weighs 8 lb, 10 oz. The infant's mother
reports that he is taking 4-7 oz of formula every 4-5 hrs, but he "spits up a lot after
eating and then is hungry again." The child is noted to be alert but appears
malnourished. The mother reports that his stools are brown in color, and he has 1-2
BMs per day. Based on these findings, the nurse anticipates the infant has:
A. Meckel diverticulum
B. Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
C. Intussusception
D. Hirschprung disease - Answers - B
Because children w/celiac disease must limit their intake of products containing gluten
in wheat, rye, oats, and barley, they are at risk for which of the following nutritional
deficiencies? Select all that apply.
A. Iron deficiency anemia
B. Folic acid deficiency
C. Zinc deficiency
D. Vitamin A, D, E, and K deficiency
E. Vitamin B12 deficiency - Answers - A, B, D
A formerly preterm infant who had surgery for nectrotizing enterocolitis is now 6mo and
has short-bowel syndrome. He is unable to absorb most nutrients taken by mouth and is
totally dependent on parenteral nutrition, which he receives via a central venous
catheter. The clinic nurse following this infant is aware that this infant should be closely
observed for the development of:
A. Gastroesophageal reflux
B. Chronic diarrhea
C. Cholestasis
D. FTT - Answers - C
The nurse caring for a 4 mo old infant w/biliary atresia and significant urticaria can
anticipate administering:
A. Diphenhydramine
B. Urosodiol (ursodeoxycholic acid)
C. Loratidine
D. Zantac - Answers - B
, Hepatitis A is transmitted by which of the following? Select all that apply.
A. Breast milk from mother with HIV
B. Ingestion of contaminated food
C. Fecal-oral route
D. Casual contact w/infected person
E. Blood transfusion - Answers - B, C
A nurse is caring for a child who has had watery diarrhea for the past 3 days. Which of
the following is an appropriate action for the nurse to take?
A. Offer chicken broth
B. Initiate oral rehydration therapy
C. Start hypertonic IV solution
D. Keep NPO until the diarrhea subsides - Answers - B - Oral rehydration is
recommended to replace lost electrolytes for children who has diarrhea
A nurse is caring for a child who is suspected to have Enterobius Vermicularis. Which of
the following actions should the nurse take?
A. Perform a tape test
B. Collect stool specimen for culture
C. Test the stool for occult blood
D. Initiate IV fluids - Answers - A - A tape test is used when diagnosing Enterobius
Vermicularis
A nurse is assessing a child who has a rotavirus infection. Which of the following are
expected findings? Select all that apply
A. Fever
B. Vomiting
C. Watery stools
D. Bloody stools
E. Confusion - Answers - A - Fever is common w/Rotavirus
B - Vomiting for approx. 2 days
C - Foul-smelling, watery stools
A nurse is teaching a group of parents about Salmonella. Which of the following
information should the nurse include in the teaching? Select all that apply
A. Incubation period is nonspecific
B. It is a bacterial infection
C. Bloody diarrhea is common
D. Transmission can be from house pets
E. Antibiotics are used for treatment - Answers - B - It is bacterial
C - Manifestations include bloody diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal cramping
D - Can be transmitted to children from household pets such as cats, dogs, hamsters,
and turtles
A 16 mo old has a hx of diarrhea for 3 days w/poor oral intake. He received IV fluids,
has tolerated some oral fluids in the ED, and is being discharged home. Instructions for
diet for this child should include:
A. BRAT diet (bananas, rice, applesauce, toast) for 24 hr, then a soft diet as tolerated
B. Chicken or beef broth for 24 hr, then resume a soft diet
C. Offer a regular diet as child's appetite warrants
D. Keep on clear liquids and toast for 24 hr - Answers - C
A 5 mo old infant is seen in the well-child clinic for a complaint of vomiting and failure to
grow. His birth weight was 7 lb, and he now weighs 8 lb, 10 oz. The infant's mother
reports that he is taking 4-7 oz of formula every 4-5 hrs, but he "spits up a lot after
eating and then is hungry again." The child is noted to be alert but appears
malnourished. The mother reports that his stools are brown in color, and he has 1-2
BMs per day. Based on these findings, the nurse anticipates the infant has:
A. Meckel diverticulum
B. Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
C. Intussusception
D. Hirschprung disease - Answers - B
Because children w/celiac disease must limit their intake of products containing gluten
in wheat, rye, oats, and barley, they are at risk for which of the following nutritional
deficiencies? Select all that apply.
A. Iron deficiency anemia
B. Folic acid deficiency
C. Zinc deficiency
D. Vitamin A, D, E, and K deficiency
E. Vitamin B12 deficiency - Answers - A, B, D
A formerly preterm infant who had surgery for nectrotizing enterocolitis is now 6mo and
has short-bowel syndrome. He is unable to absorb most nutrients taken by mouth and is
totally dependent on parenteral nutrition, which he receives via a central venous
catheter. The clinic nurse following this infant is aware that this infant should be closely
observed for the development of:
A. Gastroesophageal reflux
B. Chronic diarrhea
C. Cholestasis
D. FTT - Answers - C
The nurse caring for a 4 mo old infant w/biliary atresia and significant urticaria can
anticipate administering:
A. Diphenhydramine
B. Urosodiol (ursodeoxycholic acid)
C. Loratidine
D. Zantac - Answers - B
, Hepatitis A is transmitted by which of the following? Select all that apply.
A. Breast milk from mother with HIV
B. Ingestion of contaminated food
C. Fecal-oral route
D. Casual contact w/infected person
E. Blood transfusion - Answers - B, C
A nurse is caring for a child who has had watery diarrhea for the past 3 days. Which of
the following is an appropriate action for the nurse to take?
A. Offer chicken broth
B. Initiate oral rehydration therapy
C. Start hypertonic IV solution
D. Keep NPO until the diarrhea subsides - Answers - B - Oral rehydration is
recommended to replace lost electrolytes for children who has diarrhea
A nurse is caring for a child who is suspected to have Enterobius Vermicularis. Which of
the following actions should the nurse take?
A. Perform a tape test
B. Collect stool specimen for culture
C. Test the stool for occult blood
D. Initiate IV fluids - Answers - A - A tape test is used when diagnosing Enterobius
Vermicularis
A nurse is assessing a child who has a rotavirus infection. Which of the following are
expected findings? Select all that apply
A. Fever
B. Vomiting
C. Watery stools
D. Bloody stools
E. Confusion - Answers - A - Fever is common w/Rotavirus
B - Vomiting for approx. 2 days
C - Foul-smelling, watery stools
A nurse is teaching a group of parents about Salmonella. Which of the following
information should the nurse include in the teaching? Select all that apply
A. Incubation period is nonspecific
B. It is a bacterial infection
C. Bloody diarrhea is common
D. Transmission can be from house pets
E. Antibiotics are used for treatment - Answers - B - It is bacterial
C - Manifestations include bloody diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal cramping
D - Can be transmitted to children from household pets such as cats, dogs, hamsters,
and turtles
