CSET Multiple Subjects Subtest 2: Science; Mathematics
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_25z2v4
1. atom the smallest unit of an element that still holds the properties of the element. Made
up of protons, neutrons, and electrons
2. proton positively charged, located in the nucleus of the atom, has a mass of 1AMU
3. neutron neutral charge, located in the nucleus of the atom, has a mass of 1 AMU
4. electron has a negative charge, orbits outside of the nucleus, has a mass of 1/1836 AMU
5. balanced atom same number of protons and electrons
6. ion atom with an unbalanced charge--either positive or negative.
7. isotope an atom with a different number of neutrons than the standard amount for that
element.
8. atomic mass the amount of matter that makes up an atom. Estimate in AMUs by adding up the
protons and neutrons.
9. atomic number The number of protons an atom has. This defines the type of element.
10. half-life the time it takes for half of the atoms of a particular substance to disintegrate.
11. carbon dating Method of measuring the ratio of Carbon 14 to Carbon 12. The longer something
has been dead, the "more" carbon 12 it has. Only accurate on items <50,000 years
old.
12. periodic table of Elements are arranged in rows according to their atomic number, and columns
elements loosely according to their chemical properties.
13. compound a substance of 2 or more elements (ex. H20--water, CO2--carbon dioxide,
NaCL--table salt)
14. ionic bond
, CSET Multiple Subjects Subtest 2: Science; Mathematics
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_25z2v4
bonds a metal with a non-metal. One atom loses an electron to form a positive ion,
and the other gains an electron to form a negative ion; creating an electrostatic
force that holds them together.
15. covalent bond a bond formed when atoms share 1 or more of their valence electrons.
16. chemical change the chemical composition of a substance is altered.
hint: fire is an example of a chemical change taking place.
17. catalyst something that starts a chemical change (ex. a spark)
18. mixture material that can be separated by physical means into two or more substances
19. solution homogenus mixture in which one substance is completely dissolved into another
substance (ex. salt water)
20. suspension a mixture in which small particles are kept dispersed by agitation or molecular
motion in a surrounding medium (ex. muddy river water)
21. physical change a change from one state to another without a change in the chemical composition
of a substance
22. compression changes the volume of a substance
23. states of matter solid, liquid, gas, plasma
24. solid cannot be compressed; does not take the shape of its container
25. liquid cannot be compressed; does take on the shape of its container
26. gas can be compressed; does take on the shape of its container
27. temperature and the factors that change matter from one state to another
pressure
, CSET Multiple Subjects Subtest 2: Science; Mathematics
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_25z2v4
28. Charles' Law when the temperature of a substance increases, so does its volume
29. Boyle's Law When the pressure of a substance increases, its volume decreases
30. pH "potential for hydrogen" the measure of the presence of hydrogen ions in a
substance. It affects its propensity to bond with other substances. Measured using
a litmus test, where 7 is distilled H20. The lower the number, the more acidic the
substance (vinegar); the higher the number, the more alkaline (ammonia, bleach).
31. 7 pH of distilled water
32. 2.4 pH of distilled white vinegar
33. 2.38-4.75 pH of most soft drinks
34. 9-10 pH of most detergents
35. matter anything that has mass and takes up space
36. color the hue of an object as perceived by humans
37. mass a physical property of matter. an object's resistance to being accelerated.
38. density an object's mass per unit volume
39. hardness how resistant solid matter is to an external force
40. electrical conduc- a material's ability to conduct electricity
tivity
41. thermal conduc- a material's ability to conduct heat
tivity
42. physical proper- how we classify the observable properties of matter (ex. color, mass, density,
ties of matter hardness, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_25z2v4
1. atom the smallest unit of an element that still holds the properties of the element. Made
up of protons, neutrons, and electrons
2. proton positively charged, located in the nucleus of the atom, has a mass of 1AMU
3. neutron neutral charge, located in the nucleus of the atom, has a mass of 1 AMU
4. electron has a negative charge, orbits outside of the nucleus, has a mass of 1/1836 AMU
5. balanced atom same number of protons and electrons
6. ion atom with an unbalanced charge--either positive or negative.
7. isotope an atom with a different number of neutrons than the standard amount for that
element.
8. atomic mass the amount of matter that makes up an atom. Estimate in AMUs by adding up the
protons and neutrons.
9. atomic number The number of protons an atom has. This defines the type of element.
10. half-life the time it takes for half of the atoms of a particular substance to disintegrate.
11. carbon dating Method of measuring the ratio of Carbon 14 to Carbon 12. The longer something
has been dead, the "more" carbon 12 it has. Only accurate on items <50,000 years
old.
12. periodic table of Elements are arranged in rows according to their atomic number, and columns
elements loosely according to their chemical properties.
13. compound a substance of 2 or more elements (ex. H20--water, CO2--carbon dioxide,
NaCL--table salt)
14. ionic bond
, CSET Multiple Subjects Subtest 2: Science; Mathematics
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_25z2v4
bonds a metal with a non-metal. One atom loses an electron to form a positive ion,
and the other gains an electron to form a negative ion; creating an electrostatic
force that holds them together.
15. covalent bond a bond formed when atoms share 1 or more of their valence electrons.
16. chemical change the chemical composition of a substance is altered.
hint: fire is an example of a chemical change taking place.
17. catalyst something that starts a chemical change (ex. a spark)
18. mixture material that can be separated by physical means into two or more substances
19. solution homogenus mixture in which one substance is completely dissolved into another
substance (ex. salt water)
20. suspension a mixture in which small particles are kept dispersed by agitation or molecular
motion in a surrounding medium (ex. muddy river water)
21. physical change a change from one state to another without a change in the chemical composition
of a substance
22. compression changes the volume of a substance
23. states of matter solid, liquid, gas, plasma
24. solid cannot be compressed; does not take the shape of its container
25. liquid cannot be compressed; does take on the shape of its container
26. gas can be compressed; does take on the shape of its container
27. temperature and the factors that change matter from one state to another
pressure
, CSET Multiple Subjects Subtest 2: Science; Mathematics
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_25z2v4
28. Charles' Law when the temperature of a substance increases, so does its volume
29. Boyle's Law When the pressure of a substance increases, its volume decreases
30. pH "potential for hydrogen" the measure of the presence of hydrogen ions in a
substance. It affects its propensity to bond with other substances. Measured using
a litmus test, where 7 is distilled H20. The lower the number, the more acidic the
substance (vinegar); the higher the number, the more alkaline (ammonia, bleach).
31. 7 pH of distilled water
32. 2.4 pH of distilled white vinegar
33. 2.38-4.75 pH of most soft drinks
34. 9-10 pH of most detergents
35. matter anything that has mass and takes up space
36. color the hue of an object as perceived by humans
37. mass a physical property of matter. an object's resistance to being accelerated.
38. density an object's mass per unit volume
39. hardness how resistant solid matter is to an external force
40. electrical conduc- a material's ability to conduct electricity
tivity
41. thermal conduc- a material's ability to conduct heat
tivity
42. physical proper- how we classify the observable properties of matter (ex. color, mass, density,
ties of matter hardness, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity)
