OMSA Study Guide question with answers
Name the 4 valves in the heart - -Tricuspid valve
Aortic Valve
Mitral Valve
pulmonic Valve
-Where is the Tricuspid valve located? - -Between the right atrium and right ventricle
-Where is the Mitral valve located? - -Between the left atrium and the left ventricle
-Where is the Aortic valve located? - -Between the aorta and the heart's left ventricle
-Where is the pulmonic valve located? - -Between the" right ventricle and the pulmonary artery
-What is the function of valves in the heart? - -To prevent the backflow of blood
-When you listen to a normal heart beat through a stethoscope what sound does it make, and
what causes this sound? - -Lub-dub; caused by the aortic and pulmonic valves closing
-What is angina pectoris? - -Another name for chest pain of cardiac origin
-What is angina pectoris caused by? - -Ischemia or lack of oxygen to the heart muscle
-How does nitroglycerin affect the body? - -It dilates the coronary arteries and increases the
blood flow to the heart
-When does angina pectoris turn into a myocardial infarction? - -When the heart is deprived of
oxygen too long and a portion of the heart dies
-Death of the heart muscle - -necrosis
-Risk factors of cardiovascular disease (12) - -Family history of heart disease
Smokers
Hypercholesterolemia
Diabetes
Obesity
Sedentary lifestyle
Hypertension
Advancing age
History of MI
Congestive heart failure
Heart valve dysfunction
, dysrhythmias
-Signs and symptoms of Myocardial infarction (MI)
(5) - --Chest pain not relieved by nitroglycerin
-Pain radiate down the left arm or up the left jaw
-Blood pressure drop
-weak with thready pulse
-nausea or vomiting
-What should you do if you suspect a patient is having a MI? - -Morphine
Oxygen
Nitrates
Aspirin
Place patient on monitors and start IV asap
-What is congestive heart failure? - -The heart cannot pump blood in a forward motion
-What happens when there is CHF on the right side? - -Excess blood an fluid backing up
systemically; meaning in the rest of the body
-What are the symptoms of right sided CHF? - -Swelling in the ankles and ascetics (belly)
Distended neck veins
-What happens when there is CHF on the left side? - -Fluid backing up into the lungs causing pt
to cough pink frothy sputum.
-What are the symptoms of left sided CHF? - -Shortness of breath and wakes up in the middle
of the night gasping for air
-What is the normal treatment for CHF? - -Diuretics; so the patient pees out the excess fluid
-How is the cardiovascular system monitored? - -By using tone pulse, blood pressure and the
EKG
-What is the autonomic nervous system responsible for? - -for controlling the bodily functions
not consciously directed
-Causing increased heart rate and blood pressure and bronchodilates the airways; "Fight or
flight" - -Sympathetic nervous system
-Results in stimulation of salivary glands, and slows the heart rate; "couch potatoes state" - -
Parasympathetic nervous system
-Another name for stroke - -Cerebral vascular accident
Name the 4 valves in the heart - -Tricuspid valve
Aortic Valve
Mitral Valve
pulmonic Valve
-Where is the Tricuspid valve located? - -Between the right atrium and right ventricle
-Where is the Mitral valve located? - -Between the left atrium and the left ventricle
-Where is the Aortic valve located? - -Between the aorta and the heart's left ventricle
-Where is the pulmonic valve located? - -Between the" right ventricle and the pulmonary artery
-What is the function of valves in the heart? - -To prevent the backflow of blood
-When you listen to a normal heart beat through a stethoscope what sound does it make, and
what causes this sound? - -Lub-dub; caused by the aortic and pulmonic valves closing
-What is angina pectoris? - -Another name for chest pain of cardiac origin
-What is angina pectoris caused by? - -Ischemia or lack of oxygen to the heart muscle
-How does nitroglycerin affect the body? - -It dilates the coronary arteries and increases the
blood flow to the heart
-When does angina pectoris turn into a myocardial infarction? - -When the heart is deprived of
oxygen too long and a portion of the heart dies
-Death of the heart muscle - -necrosis
-Risk factors of cardiovascular disease (12) - -Family history of heart disease
Smokers
Hypercholesterolemia
Diabetes
Obesity
Sedentary lifestyle
Hypertension
Advancing age
History of MI
Congestive heart failure
Heart valve dysfunction
, dysrhythmias
-Signs and symptoms of Myocardial infarction (MI)
(5) - --Chest pain not relieved by nitroglycerin
-Pain radiate down the left arm or up the left jaw
-Blood pressure drop
-weak with thready pulse
-nausea or vomiting
-What should you do if you suspect a patient is having a MI? - -Morphine
Oxygen
Nitrates
Aspirin
Place patient on monitors and start IV asap
-What is congestive heart failure? - -The heart cannot pump blood in a forward motion
-What happens when there is CHF on the right side? - -Excess blood an fluid backing up
systemically; meaning in the rest of the body
-What are the symptoms of right sided CHF? - -Swelling in the ankles and ascetics (belly)
Distended neck veins
-What happens when there is CHF on the left side? - -Fluid backing up into the lungs causing pt
to cough pink frothy sputum.
-What are the symptoms of left sided CHF? - -Shortness of breath and wakes up in the middle
of the night gasping for air
-What is the normal treatment for CHF? - -Diuretics; so the patient pees out the excess fluid
-How is the cardiovascular system monitored? - -By using tone pulse, blood pressure and the
EKG
-What is the autonomic nervous system responsible for? - -for controlling the bodily functions
not consciously directed
-Causing increased heart rate and blood pressure and bronchodilates the airways; "Fight or
flight" - -Sympathetic nervous system
-Results in stimulation of salivary glands, and slows the heart rate; "couch potatoes state" - -
Parasympathetic nervous system
-Another name for stroke - -Cerebral vascular accident
