Biology 102 EXAM 1 Questions and
Answers
How are bacteria important economically to humans? - ANSWER-help with
agriculture and the industry
Which of the following terms describes a bacterium that produces its own food using
outside sources of energy like deep sea thermal vents or volcanoes, not the sun? -
ANSWER-autotrophs
When a bacterial cell is an obligate anaerobe this means what? - ANSWER-must
grow in zero oxygen environment and don't use oxygen
When a bacterial cell is an obligate aerobe this means what? - ANSWER-use
oxygen, if they lack oxygen its fatal to them
What are plasmids? What are they used for? And why are they important? -
ANSWER-A genetic structure in a cell that can replicate independently of the
chromosomes. Plasmids are much used in the laboratory manipulation of genes.
They are important because they help us understand how genes can be moved
between different bacteria
What are the long, sharp projections that cover the bacterial cell called? The short
ones? - ANSWER-long-fimbriae: short-pili
What do we call the fluid inside the bacterial cell? (same as all cells) - ANSWER-
cytoplasm
This category of bacteria are responsible for a substantial amount of the oxygen that
is produced in the atmosphere? - ANSWER-Cyanobacteria
This category of bacteria is very important to humans and agriculture and is found in
root nodules of legumes (pea family)? - ANSWER-nitrogen fixing bacteria
This structure of bacteria is external to the cell wall and is used for locomotion. It is
similar to flagella but is wrapped around the body of the cell and is enclosed in a
sheath of membrane? - ANSWER-Cell membrane
This thick, gelatinous material, located external to the cell wall, called the capsule or
slime layer is technically referred to as the? - ANSWER-gelatinous glycoprotein
Bacteria can be further divided into two groups based upon the type of cell wall
structure they have. They are called either ______ positive or ______ negative -
ANSWER-gram positive, gram negative
What are some of the structures found internal to the cell wall in bacteria? -
ANSWER-plasma membranes, cytoplasm, nucleoid region, ribosomes, inclusions
Answers
How are bacteria important economically to humans? - ANSWER-help with
agriculture and the industry
Which of the following terms describes a bacterium that produces its own food using
outside sources of energy like deep sea thermal vents or volcanoes, not the sun? -
ANSWER-autotrophs
When a bacterial cell is an obligate anaerobe this means what? - ANSWER-must
grow in zero oxygen environment and don't use oxygen
When a bacterial cell is an obligate aerobe this means what? - ANSWER-use
oxygen, if they lack oxygen its fatal to them
What are plasmids? What are they used for? And why are they important? -
ANSWER-A genetic structure in a cell that can replicate independently of the
chromosomes. Plasmids are much used in the laboratory manipulation of genes.
They are important because they help us understand how genes can be moved
between different bacteria
What are the long, sharp projections that cover the bacterial cell called? The short
ones? - ANSWER-long-fimbriae: short-pili
What do we call the fluid inside the bacterial cell? (same as all cells) - ANSWER-
cytoplasm
This category of bacteria are responsible for a substantial amount of the oxygen that
is produced in the atmosphere? - ANSWER-Cyanobacteria
This category of bacteria is very important to humans and agriculture and is found in
root nodules of legumes (pea family)? - ANSWER-nitrogen fixing bacteria
This structure of bacteria is external to the cell wall and is used for locomotion. It is
similar to flagella but is wrapped around the body of the cell and is enclosed in a
sheath of membrane? - ANSWER-Cell membrane
This thick, gelatinous material, located external to the cell wall, called the capsule or
slime layer is technically referred to as the? - ANSWER-gelatinous glycoprotein
Bacteria can be further divided into two groups based upon the type of cell wall
structure they have. They are called either ______ positive or ______ negative -
ANSWER-gram positive, gram negative
What are some of the structures found internal to the cell wall in bacteria? -
ANSWER-plasma membranes, cytoplasm, nucleoid region, ribosomes, inclusions
