ALS Final Exam with correct answers
The |ECG |rhythm |strip |of |a |patient |who |arrived |in |the |emergency |department |complaining |of |
dizziness, |syncope |and |shortness |of |breath |reveals |sinus |bradycardia. |When |reviewing |the |patient's |
medication |history, |the |healthcare |provider |identifies |which |agent(s) |as |a |potential |cause |of |the |
patient's |current |condition? |- |Digoxin
Verapamil
Metoprolol
A |patient |experiencing |an |unstable |bradyarrhythmia |does |not |respond |to |atropine. |Which |
interventions |could |the |healthcare |provider |use |next? |- |Epinephrine/dopamine |infusion
Transcutaneous |pacing
A |patient |presents |to |the |emergency |department |with |mild |to |moderate |recurrent |chest |pain, |
without |any |nausea |or |vomiting. |A |12-lead |ECG |is |obtained |and |shows |ST-segment |depression |with |
transient |T-wave |elevation |indicative |of |NSTE-ACS. |Cardiac |serum |markers |are |obtained |and |are |not |
elevated. |The |patient's |risk-stratification |score |indicates |low |risk. |These |findings |suggest |which |
condition? |- |Unstable |angina
The |following |capnogram |is |from |a |patient |experiencing |respiratory |distress. |At |which |point |in |the |
waveform |would |the |patient's |ETCO2 |level |be |measured? |- |D |(end |of |the |peaked |plateau, |right |
before |it |inverts |downwards)
A |patient |comes |to |the |emergency |department |complaining |of |palpitations |and |"some |shortness |of |
breath." |Cardiac |monitoring |is |initiated |and |reveals |the |following |ECG |rhythm |strip. |The |provider |
interprets |this |strip |as |indicating |which |arrhythmia? |- |Atrial |flutter
A |healthcare |provider |initiates |ventilations |to |ensure |adequate |breathing |and |oxygenation. |While |
ventilations |are |being |performed, |capnography |is |established |to |evaluate |the |adequacy |of |the |
ventilations. |The |healthcare |provider |determines |that |ventilations |are |adequate |based |on |which |end-
tidal |carbon |dioxide |(ETCO2) |value? |- |35-45 |mmHg
A |healthcare |provider |is |establishing |cardiac |monitoring |using |a |five-electrode |system. |The |healthcare
|provider |demonstrates |proper |use |of |the |system |by |placing |the |green |electrode |in |which |location? |- |
Lower |right |abdomen
, A |patient |with |suspected |acute |coronary |syndromes |(ACS) |is |placed |on |a |cardiac |monitor. |The |patient
|is |complaining |of |dyspnea |and |is |given |supplemental |oxygen. |The |provider |determines |that |the |
supplemental |oxygen |dose |is |correct |based |on |which |SaO2 |level? |- |95%
A |patient's |capnogram |reveals |the |following |waveform. |Which |segment |would |the |healthcare |
provider |interpret |as |reflecting |the |beginning |of |exhalation? |- |A-B |(the |flat |line |before |a |sharp |rise |
towards |the |peaked |plateau)
Assessment |of |a |patient |in |the |emergency |department |reveals |that |the |patient |is |experiencing |
respiratory |compromise. |From |the |assessment, |the |team |identifies |that |the |patient |is |in |the |earliest |
stage |of |this |condition. |Which |stage |would |this |be? |- |Respiratory |distress
After |cardiac |arrest |and |successful |resuscitation, |the |patient |has |a |return |of |spontaneous |circulation. |
The |patient |is |unable |to |follow |verbal |commands. |Targeted |temperature |management |is |initiated. |
Which |method(s) |would |be |appropriate |for |the |resuscitation |team |to |use? |- |Giving |ice-cold |IV |fluid |
bolus
Applying |cooling |blankets
Using |an |endovascular |catheter
A |patient |with |a |suspected |stroke |arrives |at |the |emergency |department |at |7:10 |p.m. |The |stroke |team
|ensures |that |a |comprehensive |neurologic |assessment |using |the |National |Institutes |of |Health |Stroke |
Scale |(NIHSS) |is |completed |and |that |brain |imaging |is |performed |by |which |time? |- |7:30pm
A |30-year-old |patient |has |been |brought |to |the |emergency |department |in |cardiac |arrest. |The |cardiac |
monitor |shows |the |following |rhythm. |Interpretation |of |this |rhythm |would |suggest |which |of |the |
following |as |a |possible |precipitating |factor?
(EKG |strip |shows |ventricular |fibrillation) |- |Electrocution
A |patient |presents |to |the |emergency |department |with |suspected |ACS. |Electrocardiogram |and |cardiac |
biomarkers |show |the |patient |has |ST-segment |elevation |myocardial |infarction |(STEMI). |Physical |
examination |reveals |signs |of |left |ventricular |dysfunction. |Which |finding(s) |would |support |this? |- |
Crackles
Hypotension
Weak |peripheral |pulses
The |ECG |rhythm |strip |of |a |patient |who |arrived |in |the |emergency |department |complaining |of |
dizziness, |syncope |and |shortness |of |breath |reveals |sinus |bradycardia. |When |reviewing |the |patient's |
medication |history, |the |healthcare |provider |identifies |which |agent(s) |as |a |potential |cause |of |the |
patient's |current |condition? |- |Digoxin
Verapamil
Metoprolol
A |patient |experiencing |an |unstable |bradyarrhythmia |does |not |respond |to |atropine. |Which |
interventions |could |the |healthcare |provider |use |next? |- |Epinephrine/dopamine |infusion
Transcutaneous |pacing
A |patient |presents |to |the |emergency |department |with |mild |to |moderate |recurrent |chest |pain, |
without |any |nausea |or |vomiting. |A |12-lead |ECG |is |obtained |and |shows |ST-segment |depression |with |
transient |T-wave |elevation |indicative |of |NSTE-ACS. |Cardiac |serum |markers |are |obtained |and |are |not |
elevated. |The |patient's |risk-stratification |score |indicates |low |risk. |These |findings |suggest |which |
condition? |- |Unstable |angina
The |following |capnogram |is |from |a |patient |experiencing |respiratory |distress. |At |which |point |in |the |
waveform |would |the |patient's |ETCO2 |level |be |measured? |- |D |(end |of |the |peaked |plateau, |right |
before |it |inverts |downwards)
A |patient |comes |to |the |emergency |department |complaining |of |palpitations |and |"some |shortness |of |
breath." |Cardiac |monitoring |is |initiated |and |reveals |the |following |ECG |rhythm |strip. |The |provider |
interprets |this |strip |as |indicating |which |arrhythmia? |- |Atrial |flutter
A |healthcare |provider |initiates |ventilations |to |ensure |adequate |breathing |and |oxygenation. |While |
ventilations |are |being |performed, |capnography |is |established |to |evaluate |the |adequacy |of |the |
ventilations. |The |healthcare |provider |determines |that |ventilations |are |adequate |based |on |which |end-
tidal |carbon |dioxide |(ETCO2) |value? |- |35-45 |mmHg
A |healthcare |provider |is |establishing |cardiac |monitoring |using |a |five-electrode |system. |The |healthcare
|provider |demonstrates |proper |use |of |the |system |by |placing |the |green |electrode |in |which |location? |- |
Lower |right |abdomen
, A |patient |with |suspected |acute |coronary |syndromes |(ACS) |is |placed |on |a |cardiac |monitor. |The |patient
|is |complaining |of |dyspnea |and |is |given |supplemental |oxygen. |The |provider |determines |that |the |
supplemental |oxygen |dose |is |correct |based |on |which |SaO2 |level? |- |95%
A |patient's |capnogram |reveals |the |following |waveform. |Which |segment |would |the |healthcare |
provider |interpret |as |reflecting |the |beginning |of |exhalation? |- |A-B |(the |flat |line |before |a |sharp |rise |
towards |the |peaked |plateau)
Assessment |of |a |patient |in |the |emergency |department |reveals |that |the |patient |is |experiencing |
respiratory |compromise. |From |the |assessment, |the |team |identifies |that |the |patient |is |in |the |earliest |
stage |of |this |condition. |Which |stage |would |this |be? |- |Respiratory |distress
After |cardiac |arrest |and |successful |resuscitation, |the |patient |has |a |return |of |spontaneous |circulation. |
The |patient |is |unable |to |follow |verbal |commands. |Targeted |temperature |management |is |initiated. |
Which |method(s) |would |be |appropriate |for |the |resuscitation |team |to |use? |- |Giving |ice-cold |IV |fluid |
bolus
Applying |cooling |blankets
Using |an |endovascular |catheter
A |patient |with |a |suspected |stroke |arrives |at |the |emergency |department |at |7:10 |p.m. |The |stroke |team
|ensures |that |a |comprehensive |neurologic |assessment |using |the |National |Institutes |of |Health |Stroke |
Scale |(NIHSS) |is |completed |and |that |brain |imaging |is |performed |by |which |time? |- |7:30pm
A |30-year-old |patient |has |been |brought |to |the |emergency |department |in |cardiac |arrest. |The |cardiac |
monitor |shows |the |following |rhythm. |Interpretation |of |this |rhythm |would |suggest |which |of |the |
following |as |a |possible |precipitating |factor?
(EKG |strip |shows |ventricular |fibrillation) |- |Electrocution
A |patient |presents |to |the |emergency |department |with |suspected |ACS. |Electrocardiogram |and |cardiac |
biomarkers |show |the |patient |has |ST-segment |elevation |myocardial |infarction |(STEMI). |Physical |
examination |reveals |signs |of |left |ventricular |dysfunction. |Which |finding(s) |would |support |this? |- |
Crackles
Hypotension
Weak |peripheral |pulses
