Animal Biology Exam 1 Questions
with Correct Answers
Zoology - ANSWERSthe scientific study of animals
The Scientific Method - ANSWERSA self-correcting process for asking questions and
observing nature's answers
Animal - ANSWERSMulticellular, heterotrophic, reproduce sexually
Eukaryotic Cell - ANSWERSCells with membrane bound nucleus, endosymbiosis
explains the origin of the organelles
Animals in Geological Time Scale - ANSWERSPrecambrian, Paleozoic, Mesozoic,
Cenozoic... Bacteria, Archaea, Eucarya
Biodiversity Hotspots - ANSWERSRelatively small areas with high species richness and
many endemic species
Evolution - ANSWERSA change in a species over time
Microevolution - ANSWERSChange of allele frequencies over time. Operates at the
population level within species
Macroevolution - ANSWERSLarge scale changes in allele frequencies operates at the
species level and higher levels of taxonomic organization
DNA - ANSWERSA molecule composed of two strands of nucleotides in the shape
known as a double helix
Gene - ANSWERSA portion of DNA whose sequence of nucleotides codes for a protein
trait
Allele - ANSWERSA version or alternate form of a gene
Genotype - ANSWERSThe genetic makeup, or set of alleles, of an organism.
Phenotype - ANSWERSStructure and function of an individual
, Crossing-over - ANSWERSThe exchange of genes between homologous
chromosomes, resulting in a mixture of parental characteristics in offspring
Mutation - ANSWERSRandom permanent changes in the sequence of nucleotides (A,
T, C, G)
Genetic Drift - ANSWERSThe change in the allele frequencies in a population that
purely by chance events
Population Bottleneck - ANSWERSOccurs when the size of a population is greatly
reduced, some alleles may be lost or change in frequency
Founder Effect - ANSWERSOccurs when a small number of indictable leave their
home-large population and colonized a new area bringing a small amount of genetic
variantion
Nonrandom mating - ANSWERSWhen individuals prefer mates with particular or
superior physical characteristics
Positive Assortative Mating - ANSWERSIndividuals mate preferentially with others
Inbreeding - ANSWERSPreferential mating among relatives
Natural Selection - ANSWERSWhen two forces are at work. Genetic variation. When
certain geno/phenotypes that are favored to survives and reproduce
Fitness - ANSWERSA measure of the genetic information contributed to the next
generation by an individual (number of surviving offspring produced by the individuals)
Stabilizing Selection - ANSWERSExtreme phenotype are less fit
Directional Selection - ANSWERSOne extreme phenotypes is the fittest
Disruptive Selection - ANSWERSTwo or more extreme phenotypes are fitter than the
intermediate phenotypes
Natural Selection (Examples) - ANSWERSAnimals skin or coat color blending in with
the background
Fossils - ANSWERSRemains or impressions of an organism from a past geological time
that has been preserved by natural process
Speciation - ANSWERSThe "formation" of a new species over geological time
Dispersal - ANSWERSMovement of individuals from their source location to another
location where they might establish and reproduce
with Correct Answers
Zoology - ANSWERSthe scientific study of animals
The Scientific Method - ANSWERSA self-correcting process for asking questions and
observing nature's answers
Animal - ANSWERSMulticellular, heterotrophic, reproduce sexually
Eukaryotic Cell - ANSWERSCells with membrane bound nucleus, endosymbiosis
explains the origin of the organelles
Animals in Geological Time Scale - ANSWERSPrecambrian, Paleozoic, Mesozoic,
Cenozoic... Bacteria, Archaea, Eucarya
Biodiversity Hotspots - ANSWERSRelatively small areas with high species richness and
many endemic species
Evolution - ANSWERSA change in a species over time
Microevolution - ANSWERSChange of allele frequencies over time. Operates at the
population level within species
Macroevolution - ANSWERSLarge scale changes in allele frequencies operates at the
species level and higher levels of taxonomic organization
DNA - ANSWERSA molecule composed of two strands of nucleotides in the shape
known as a double helix
Gene - ANSWERSA portion of DNA whose sequence of nucleotides codes for a protein
trait
Allele - ANSWERSA version or alternate form of a gene
Genotype - ANSWERSThe genetic makeup, or set of alleles, of an organism.
Phenotype - ANSWERSStructure and function of an individual
, Crossing-over - ANSWERSThe exchange of genes between homologous
chromosomes, resulting in a mixture of parental characteristics in offspring
Mutation - ANSWERSRandom permanent changes in the sequence of nucleotides (A,
T, C, G)
Genetic Drift - ANSWERSThe change in the allele frequencies in a population that
purely by chance events
Population Bottleneck - ANSWERSOccurs when the size of a population is greatly
reduced, some alleles may be lost or change in frequency
Founder Effect - ANSWERSOccurs when a small number of indictable leave their
home-large population and colonized a new area bringing a small amount of genetic
variantion
Nonrandom mating - ANSWERSWhen individuals prefer mates with particular or
superior physical characteristics
Positive Assortative Mating - ANSWERSIndividuals mate preferentially with others
Inbreeding - ANSWERSPreferential mating among relatives
Natural Selection - ANSWERSWhen two forces are at work. Genetic variation. When
certain geno/phenotypes that are favored to survives and reproduce
Fitness - ANSWERSA measure of the genetic information contributed to the next
generation by an individual (number of surviving offspring produced by the individuals)
Stabilizing Selection - ANSWERSExtreme phenotype are less fit
Directional Selection - ANSWERSOne extreme phenotypes is the fittest
Disruptive Selection - ANSWERSTwo or more extreme phenotypes are fitter than the
intermediate phenotypes
Natural Selection (Examples) - ANSWERSAnimals skin or coat color blending in with
the background
Fossils - ANSWERSRemains or impressions of an organism from a past geological time
that has been preserved by natural process
Speciation - ANSWERSThe "formation" of a new species over geological time
Dispersal - ANSWERSMovement of individuals from their source location to another
location where they might establish and reproduce
