CHT Exam Prep - Shoulder topics UPDATED ACTUAL Exam
Questions and CORRECT Answers
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What is the origin and insertion of the serratus anterior? What is it innervated by? -
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(ANSWERS)Originates from ribs 1 through 9 and inserts along the medial border of the scapula.
Innervated by the long thoracic nerve.
This stops winging of the scapula.
Name the muscles and their function of the rotator cuff - (ANSWERS)Supraspinatus - abducts
the shoulder
Infraspinatus and teres minor externally rotate the shoulder
Subscapularis internally rotates the shoulder
The rhomboid major, rhomboid minor, and the levator scapulae are innervated by what from
where. - (ANSWERS)The dorsal scapular nerve derived from C4 and C5 nerve roots.
What do the rhomboid minor and rhomboid major do? - (ANSWERS)Retract the scapula.
The nerve most commonly injured in fractures around the proximal humerus is what? -
(ANSWERS)The axillary nerve. It innervates the deltoid and teres minor.
List primary extensors of the shoulder. - (ANSWERS)Posterior portion of the deltoid, the teres
major, and the latissimus dorsi.
The teres minor and long head of the triceps are secondary extensors.
Serratus anterior innervation - (ANSWERS)Long thoracic nerve
Rhomboid major innervation - (ANSWERS)dorsal scapular nerve
Latissimus dorsi innervation - (ANSWERS)thoracodorsal nerve
Trapezius (Upper fibers) innervation - (ANSWERS)
Function of coracoclavicular ligament - (ANSWERS)Only non contractile structure that
suspends the scapula from the clavicle. Major support for the acromioclavicular joint.
Made up of 2 parts: the conoid and the trapezoid ligaments and connects the clavicle and the
coronoid process.
, CHT Exam Prep - Shoulder topics UPDATED ACTUAL Exam
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Coracoacromial arch - anatomy and function. - (ANSWERS)the acromion, !@#$%%%%%coracoacromial
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ligament and the coracoid proces. This exists anatomically above the rotator cuff and overlies
the head of the humerus, stopping it from upward displacement out of the glenoid fossa.
Compression of the supraspinatus tendon between the humeral head and coracromial arch
can cause RTC degeneration.
How does elevation of the shoulder occur? - (ANSWERS)Combined actions of the RTC muscles
and the deltoid muscle acting as a "force couple."
As abduction occurs, the action of the deltoid causes the humerus to move into the glenoid
fossa. At end range, the deltoid causes the head of the humerus to translate downward, out of
the glenoid cavity. This action is counteracted by the RTC muscles which act to stabilize the
humerus in the glenoid fossa. Deltoid is primary workhorse of the shoulder joint.
Which muscle is NOT a horizontal abductor of the shoulder? What is it's function instead? Also
innervation?
Infraspinatus, posterior deltoid, teres major, teres minor. - (ANSWERS)Teres major is NOT a
horizontal abductor of the shoulder. It is an internal rotator of the shoulder at 90 degrees of
shoulder abduction. The teres major is innervated by the subscapular nerve derived from C6-
C7.
Function and anatomy of the coracobrachialis muscle. - (ANSWERS)function of the
coracobrachialis is to assist flexion and adduction of the GH joint.
Has a flesh and tendinous origin from the coracoid process and attaches distally to the
midportion of the humerus. Inserts into anteromedial surface midhumerus and is bound
laterally by the common origin with the biceps.
Inrnevated by a branch from the lateral cord and the musculocutaneous nerve.
Which muscles are responsible for abduction of the shoulder? What is their innervations? -
(ANSWERS)middle deltoid is primary abductor, innervated by the axillary nerve.
Suprasinatus initiates abduction, innervated by the suprascapular nerve.
Anconeus innervation and function - (ANSWERS)radial nerve, extends the elbow and may
stabilize the ulnar during sup/pro
Serratus anterior innervation and function - (ANSWERS)long thoracic nerve, abducts, rotates,
depresses, and elevates the scapula and holds the scapula firmly against the rib cage.
Questions and CORRECT Answers
!@#$%%%%%
What is the origin and insertion of the serratus anterior? What is it innervated by? -
%%%%%%
(ANSWERS)Originates from ribs 1 through 9 and inserts along the medial border of the scapula.
Innervated by the long thoracic nerve.
This stops winging of the scapula.
Name the muscles and their function of the rotator cuff - (ANSWERS)Supraspinatus - abducts
the shoulder
Infraspinatus and teres minor externally rotate the shoulder
Subscapularis internally rotates the shoulder
The rhomboid major, rhomboid minor, and the levator scapulae are innervated by what from
where. - (ANSWERS)The dorsal scapular nerve derived from C4 and C5 nerve roots.
What do the rhomboid minor and rhomboid major do? - (ANSWERS)Retract the scapula.
The nerve most commonly injured in fractures around the proximal humerus is what? -
(ANSWERS)The axillary nerve. It innervates the deltoid and teres minor.
List primary extensors of the shoulder. - (ANSWERS)Posterior portion of the deltoid, the teres
major, and the latissimus dorsi.
The teres minor and long head of the triceps are secondary extensors.
Serratus anterior innervation - (ANSWERS)Long thoracic nerve
Rhomboid major innervation - (ANSWERS)dorsal scapular nerve
Latissimus dorsi innervation - (ANSWERS)thoracodorsal nerve
Trapezius (Upper fibers) innervation - (ANSWERS)
Function of coracoclavicular ligament - (ANSWERS)Only non contractile structure that
suspends the scapula from the clavicle. Major support for the acromioclavicular joint.
Made up of 2 parts: the conoid and the trapezoid ligaments and connects the clavicle and the
coronoid process.
, CHT Exam Prep - Shoulder topics UPDATED ACTUAL Exam
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Coracoacromial arch - anatomy and function. - (ANSWERS)the acromion, !@#$%%%%%coracoacromial
%%%%%%
ligament and the coracoid proces. This exists anatomically above the rotator cuff and overlies
the head of the humerus, stopping it from upward displacement out of the glenoid fossa.
Compression of the supraspinatus tendon between the humeral head and coracromial arch
can cause RTC degeneration.
How does elevation of the shoulder occur? - (ANSWERS)Combined actions of the RTC muscles
and the deltoid muscle acting as a "force couple."
As abduction occurs, the action of the deltoid causes the humerus to move into the glenoid
fossa. At end range, the deltoid causes the head of the humerus to translate downward, out of
the glenoid cavity. This action is counteracted by the RTC muscles which act to stabilize the
humerus in the glenoid fossa. Deltoid is primary workhorse of the shoulder joint.
Which muscle is NOT a horizontal abductor of the shoulder? What is it's function instead? Also
innervation?
Infraspinatus, posterior deltoid, teres major, teres minor. - (ANSWERS)Teres major is NOT a
horizontal abductor of the shoulder. It is an internal rotator of the shoulder at 90 degrees of
shoulder abduction. The teres major is innervated by the subscapular nerve derived from C6-
C7.
Function and anatomy of the coracobrachialis muscle. - (ANSWERS)function of the
coracobrachialis is to assist flexion and adduction of the GH joint.
Has a flesh and tendinous origin from the coracoid process and attaches distally to the
midportion of the humerus. Inserts into anteromedial surface midhumerus and is bound
laterally by the common origin with the biceps.
Inrnevated by a branch from the lateral cord and the musculocutaneous nerve.
Which muscles are responsible for abduction of the shoulder? What is their innervations? -
(ANSWERS)middle deltoid is primary abductor, innervated by the axillary nerve.
Suprasinatus initiates abduction, innervated by the suprascapular nerve.
Anconeus innervation and function - (ANSWERS)radial nerve, extends the elbow and may
stabilize the ulnar during sup/pro
Serratus anterior innervation and function - (ANSWERS)long thoracic nerve, abducts, rotates,
depresses, and elevates the scapula and holds the scapula firmly against the rib cage.
