RDHAP LAW AND ETHICS FINAL PAPER QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS 2025/2026 GRADED A+
✔✔"Penitential communication" means - ✔✔A communication, intended to be in
confidence, including, but not limited to, a sacramental confession, made to a clergy
member who, in the course of the discipline or practice of the clergy member's church,
denomination, or organization, is authorized or accustomed to hear those
communications, and under the discipline, tenets, customs, or practices of the clergy
member's church, denomination, or organization, has a duty to keep those
communications secret.
✔✔True or False
On or before January 1, 2004, a clergy member or any custodian of records for the
clergy member may report to an agency specified in Section 11165.9 that the clergy
member or any custodian of records for the clergy member, prior to January 1, 1997, in
the clergy member's professional capacity or within the scope of the clergy member's
employment, other than during a penitential communication, acquired knowledge or had
a reasonable suspicion that a child had been the victim of sexual abuse and that the
clergy member or any custodian of records for the clergy member did not previously
report the abuse to an agency specified in Section 11165.9. The provisions of Section
11172 shall apply to all reports made pursuant to this paragraph. - ✔✔True
✔✔Except as provided in subdivision (b), any supervisor or administrator who violates
paragraph (1) of subdivision (i) of Section 11166 shall be punished by not more than -
✔✔Six months in a county jail, by a fine of not more than one thousand dollars ($1,000),
or by both that fine and imprisonment.
✔✔Any mandated reporter who willfully fails to report abuse or neglect, or any person
who impedes or inhibits a report of abuse or neglect, in violation of this article, where
that abuse or neglect results in death or great bodily injury, shall be - ✔✔Punished by
not more than one year in a county jail, by a fine of not more than five thousand dollars
($5,000), or by both that fine and imprisonment.
✔✔True or False
A county welfare agency, in accordance with Section 10612.5 of the Welfare and
Institutions Code, may develop a program for internet-based reporting of child abuse
and neglect. The program may receive reports by mandated reporters, as defined in
Section 11165.7, of suspected child abuse or neglect and shall meet all of the following
conditions: - ✔✔True
✔✔True or False
,Any mandated reporter who has knowledge of or who reasonably suspects that a child
is suffering serious emotional damage or is at a substantial risk of suffering serious
emotional damage, evidenced by states of being or behavior, including, but not limited
to, severe anxiety, depression, withdrawal, or untoward aggressive behavior toward self
or others, may make a report to an agency specified in Section 11165.9. - ✔✔True
✔✔When an agency receives a report pursuant to Section 11166 that contains either of
the following, it shall, within 24 hours, notify the licensing office with jurisdiction over the
facility: - ✔✔(1) A report of abuse alleged to have occurred in facilities licensed to care
for children by the State Department of Social Services.
(2) A report of the death of a child who was, at the time of death, living at, enrolled in, or
regularly attending a facility licensed to care for children by the State Department of
Social Services, unless the circumstances of the child's death are clearly unrelated to
the child's care at the facility.
The agency shall send the licensing agency a copy of its investigation and any other
pertinent materials.
(b) Any employee of an agency specified in Section 11165.9 who has knowledge of, or
observes in his or her professional capacity or within the scope of his or her
employment, a child in protective custody whom he or she knows or reasonably
suspects has been the victim of child abuse or neglect shall, within 36 hours, send or
have sent to the attorney who represents the child in dependency court, a copy of the
report prepared in accordance with Section 11166. The agency shall maintain a copy of
the written report. All information requested by the attorney for the child or the child's
guardian ad litem shall be provided by the agency within 30 days of the request.
✔✔Each county may use a children's advocacy center to implement a coordinated
multidisciplinary response pursuant to Section 18961.7 of the Welfare and Institutions
Code, to investigate reports involving child physical or sexual abuse, exploitation, or
maltreatment. - ✔✔(b) A county that utilizes a child advocacy center to coordinate its
multidisciplinary response pursuant to subdivision (a) shall require the children's
advocacy center to meet the following standards:
(1) The multidisciplinary team associated with the children's advocacy center shall
consist of a representative of the children's advocacy center and at least one
representative from each of the following disciplines: law enforcement, child protective
services, district attorney's offices, medical providers, mental health providers, and
victim advocates. Members of the multidisciplinary team may fill more than one role,
within the scope of their practice, as needed.
(2) The multidisciplinary team associated with the children's advocacy center shall have
cultural competency and diversity training to meet the needs of the community it serves.
,(3) The children's advocacy center shall have a designated legal entity responsible for
the governance of its operations. This entity shall oversee ongoing business practices of
the children's advocacy center, including setting and implementing administrative
policies, hiring and managing personnel, obtaining funding, supervising program and
fiscal operations, and conducting long-term planning.
(4) The children's advocacy center shall provide a dedicated child-focused setting
designed to provide a safe, comfortable, and neutral place where forensic interviews
and other children's advocacy center services may be appropriately provided for
children and families.
(5) The children's advocacy center shall use written protocols for case review and case
review procedures, and shall use a case tracking system to provide information on
essential demographics and case information.
(6) The children's advocacy center shall verify that members of the multidisciplinary
team responsible for me
✔✔On and after January 1, 1985, any mandated reporter as specified in Section
11165.7, with the exception of child visitation monitors, prior to commencing his or her
employment, and as a prerequisite to that employment, shall - ✔✔Sign a statement on a
form provided to him or her by his or her employer to the effect that he or she has
knowledge of the provisions of Section 11166 and will comply with those provisions.
The statement shall inform the employee that he or she is a mandated reporter and
inform the employee of his or her reporting obligations under Section 11166 and of his
or her confidentiality rights under subdivision (d) of Section 11167. The employer shall
provide a copy of Sections 11165.7, 11166, and 11167 to the employee.
✔✔Reports of suspected child abuse or neglect pursuant to Section 11166 or Section
11166.05 shall include: - ✔✔The name, business address, and telephone number of the
mandated reporter; the capacity that makes the person a mandated reporter; and the
information that gave rise to the reasonable suspicion of child abuse or neglect and the
source or sources of that information.
✔✔Any violation of the confidentiality provided by this article is a misdemeanor
punishable by imprisonment in a county jail not to exceed six months, by a fine of five
hundred dollars ($500), or by both that imprisonment and fine.
Reports of suspected child abuse or neglect and information contained therein may be
disclosed only to the following: - ✔✔(1) Persons or agencies to whom disclosure of the
identity of the reporting party is permitted under Section 11167.
(2) Persons or agencies to whom disclosure of information is permitted under
subdivision (b) of Section 11170 or subdivision (a) of Section 11170.5.
, (3) Persons or agencies with whom investigations of child abuse or neglect are
coordinated under the regulations promulgated under Section 11174.
(4) Multidisciplinary personnel teams as defined in subdivision (d) of Section 18951 of
the Welfare and Institutions Code.
(5) Persons or agencies responsible for the licensing of facilities which care for children,
as specified in Section 11165.7.
(6) The State Department of Social Services
✔✔True or False
The written reports required by Section 11166 shall be submitted on forms adopted by
the Department of Justice after consultation with representatives of the various
professional medical associations and hospital associations and county probation or
welfare departments. Those forms shall be distributed by the agencies specified in
Section 11165.9. - ✔✔True
✔✔Enhancing examination procedures, documentation, and evidence collection relating
to child abuse or neglect will improve the investigation and prosecution of child abuse or
neglect as well as other child protection efforts. - ✔✔(c) The forms shall include, but not
be limited to, a place for notation concerning each of the following:
(1) Any notification of injuries or any report of suspected child physical abuse or neglect
to law enforcement authorities or children's protective services, in accordance with
existing reporting procedures.
(2) Addressing relevant consent issues, if indicated.
(3) The taking of a patient history of child physical abuse or neglect that includes other
relevant medical history.
(4) The performance of a physical examination for evidence of child physical abuse or
neglect.
(5) The collection or documentation of any physical evidence of child physical abuse or
neglect, including any recommended photographic procedures.
(6) The collection of other medical or forensic specimens, including drug ingestion or
toxication, as indicated.
(7) Procedures for the preservation and disposition of evidence.
(8) Complete documentation of medical forensic exam findings with recommendations
for diagnostic studies, including blood tests and X-rays.
SOLUTIONS 2025/2026 GRADED A+
✔✔"Penitential communication" means - ✔✔A communication, intended to be in
confidence, including, but not limited to, a sacramental confession, made to a clergy
member who, in the course of the discipline or practice of the clergy member's church,
denomination, or organization, is authorized or accustomed to hear those
communications, and under the discipline, tenets, customs, or practices of the clergy
member's church, denomination, or organization, has a duty to keep those
communications secret.
✔✔True or False
On or before January 1, 2004, a clergy member or any custodian of records for the
clergy member may report to an agency specified in Section 11165.9 that the clergy
member or any custodian of records for the clergy member, prior to January 1, 1997, in
the clergy member's professional capacity or within the scope of the clergy member's
employment, other than during a penitential communication, acquired knowledge or had
a reasonable suspicion that a child had been the victim of sexual abuse and that the
clergy member or any custodian of records for the clergy member did not previously
report the abuse to an agency specified in Section 11165.9. The provisions of Section
11172 shall apply to all reports made pursuant to this paragraph. - ✔✔True
✔✔Except as provided in subdivision (b), any supervisor or administrator who violates
paragraph (1) of subdivision (i) of Section 11166 shall be punished by not more than -
✔✔Six months in a county jail, by a fine of not more than one thousand dollars ($1,000),
or by both that fine and imprisonment.
✔✔Any mandated reporter who willfully fails to report abuse or neglect, or any person
who impedes or inhibits a report of abuse or neglect, in violation of this article, where
that abuse or neglect results in death or great bodily injury, shall be - ✔✔Punished by
not more than one year in a county jail, by a fine of not more than five thousand dollars
($5,000), or by both that fine and imprisonment.
✔✔True or False
A county welfare agency, in accordance with Section 10612.5 of the Welfare and
Institutions Code, may develop a program for internet-based reporting of child abuse
and neglect. The program may receive reports by mandated reporters, as defined in
Section 11165.7, of suspected child abuse or neglect and shall meet all of the following
conditions: - ✔✔True
✔✔True or False
,Any mandated reporter who has knowledge of or who reasonably suspects that a child
is suffering serious emotional damage or is at a substantial risk of suffering serious
emotional damage, evidenced by states of being or behavior, including, but not limited
to, severe anxiety, depression, withdrawal, or untoward aggressive behavior toward self
or others, may make a report to an agency specified in Section 11165.9. - ✔✔True
✔✔When an agency receives a report pursuant to Section 11166 that contains either of
the following, it shall, within 24 hours, notify the licensing office with jurisdiction over the
facility: - ✔✔(1) A report of abuse alleged to have occurred in facilities licensed to care
for children by the State Department of Social Services.
(2) A report of the death of a child who was, at the time of death, living at, enrolled in, or
regularly attending a facility licensed to care for children by the State Department of
Social Services, unless the circumstances of the child's death are clearly unrelated to
the child's care at the facility.
The agency shall send the licensing agency a copy of its investigation and any other
pertinent materials.
(b) Any employee of an agency specified in Section 11165.9 who has knowledge of, or
observes in his or her professional capacity or within the scope of his or her
employment, a child in protective custody whom he or she knows or reasonably
suspects has been the victim of child abuse or neglect shall, within 36 hours, send or
have sent to the attorney who represents the child in dependency court, a copy of the
report prepared in accordance with Section 11166. The agency shall maintain a copy of
the written report. All information requested by the attorney for the child or the child's
guardian ad litem shall be provided by the agency within 30 days of the request.
✔✔Each county may use a children's advocacy center to implement a coordinated
multidisciplinary response pursuant to Section 18961.7 of the Welfare and Institutions
Code, to investigate reports involving child physical or sexual abuse, exploitation, or
maltreatment. - ✔✔(b) A county that utilizes a child advocacy center to coordinate its
multidisciplinary response pursuant to subdivision (a) shall require the children's
advocacy center to meet the following standards:
(1) The multidisciplinary team associated with the children's advocacy center shall
consist of a representative of the children's advocacy center and at least one
representative from each of the following disciplines: law enforcement, child protective
services, district attorney's offices, medical providers, mental health providers, and
victim advocates. Members of the multidisciplinary team may fill more than one role,
within the scope of their practice, as needed.
(2) The multidisciplinary team associated with the children's advocacy center shall have
cultural competency and diversity training to meet the needs of the community it serves.
,(3) The children's advocacy center shall have a designated legal entity responsible for
the governance of its operations. This entity shall oversee ongoing business practices of
the children's advocacy center, including setting and implementing administrative
policies, hiring and managing personnel, obtaining funding, supervising program and
fiscal operations, and conducting long-term planning.
(4) The children's advocacy center shall provide a dedicated child-focused setting
designed to provide a safe, comfortable, and neutral place where forensic interviews
and other children's advocacy center services may be appropriately provided for
children and families.
(5) The children's advocacy center shall use written protocols for case review and case
review procedures, and shall use a case tracking system to provide information on
essential demographics and case information.
(6) The children's advocacy center shall verify that members of the multidisciplinary
team responsible for me
✔✔On and after January 1, 1985, any mandated reporter as specified in Section
11165.7, with the exception of child visitation monitors, prior to commencing his or her
employment, and as a prerequisite to that employment, shall - ✔✔Sign a statement on a
form provided to him or her by his or her employer to the effect that he or she has
knowledge of the provisions of Section 11166 and will comply with those provisions.
The statement shall inform the employee that he or she is a mandated reporter and
inform the employee of his or her reporting obligations under Section 11166 and of his
or her confidentiality rights under subdivision (d) of Section 11167. The employer shall
provide a copy of Sections 11165.7, 11166, and 11167 to the employee.
✔✔Reports of suspected child abuse or neglect pursuant to Section 11166 or Section
11166.05 shall include: - ✔✔The name, business address, and telephone number of the
mandated reporter; the capacity that makes the person a mandated reporter; and the
information that gave rise to the reasonable suspicion of child abuse or neglect and the
source or sources of that information.
✔✔Any violation of the confidentiality provided by this article is a misdemeanor
punishable by imprisonment in a county jail not to exceed six months, by a fine of five
hundred dollars ($500), or by both that imprisonment and fine.
Reports of suspected child abuse or neglect and information contained therein may be
disclosed only to the following: - ✔✔(1) Persons or agencies to whom disclosure of the
identity of the reporting party is permitted under Section 11167.
(2) Persons or agencies to whom disclosure of information is permitted under
subdivision (b) of Section 11170 or subdivision (a) of Section 11170.5.
, (3) Persons or agencies with whom investigations of child abuse or neglect are
coordinated under the regulations promulgated under Section 11174.
(4) Multidisciplinary personnel teams as defined in subdivision (d) of Section 18951 of
the Welfare and Institutions Code.
(5) Persons or agencies responsible for the licensing of facilities which care for children,
as specified in Section 11165.7.
(6) The State Department of Social Services
✔✔True or False
The written reports required by Section 11166 shall be submitted on forms adopted by
the Department of Justice after consultation with representatives of the various
professional medical associations and hospital associations and county probation or
welfare departments. Those forms shall be distributed by the agencies specified in
Section 11165.9. - ✔✔True
✔✔Enhancing examination procedures, documentation, and evidence collection relating
to child abuse or neglect will improve the investigation and prosecution of child abuse or
neglect as well as other child protection efforts. - ✔✔(c) The forms shall include, but not
be limited to, a place for notation concerning each of the following:
(1) Any notification of injuries or any report of suspected child physical abuse or neglect
to law enforcement authorities or children's protective services, in accordance with
existing reporting procedures.
(2) Addressing relevant consent issues, if indicated.
(3) The taking of a patient history of child physical abuse or neglect that includes other
relevant medical history.
(4) The performance of a physical examination for evidence of child physical abuse or
neglect.
(5) The collection or documentation of any physical evidence of child physical abuse or
neglect, including any recommended photographic procedures.
(6) The collection of other medical or forensic specimens, including drug ingestion or
toxication, as indicated.
(7) Procedures for the preservation and disposition of evidence.
(8) Complete documentation of medical forensic exam findings with recommendations
for diagnostic studies, including blood tests and X-rays.
