AP Chemistry Practice Test, Updated Unit 3
Progress Check | 100% Guaranteed A+ Score
isotope - correct answer✔✔element with a different number of neutrons
mass spectrometry - correct answer✔✔mass of various isotopic elements to create a mass
spectrum graph
avogadros number - correct answer✔✔6.022 E23
? L/mol - correct answer✔✔22.4 L
empirical formula - correct answer✔✔simplest ratio of the molecules making up a compound
molecular formula - correct answer✔✔actual formula for a substance
coulombs law - correct answer✔✔the amount of energy that an electron has depends on its
distance from the nucleus of an atom; e=k(q1*q20)/r
ionization energy - correct answer✔✔amount of energy necessary to remove electrons from an
atom (electromagnetic energy exceeds binding energy)
shielding electrons - correct answer✔✔electrons between a valence electron and the nucleus that
decreases the attraction between the nucleus and the valence electron
periodic trend: left to right - correct answer✔✔periodic trend: atomic radius decreases; protons
are added to the nucleus so valence electrons are more strongly attracted
ionization energy increases (protons are added to the nucleus)
, periodic trend: down a group - correct answer✔✔periodic trend: atomic radius increases; shells
of electrons are added which shield the more distant shells and valence e- get farther away
ionization energy decreases (shells of e- added, each inner shell shields more and reduces the
pull on valence e- so they are easier to remove)
ionic bond - correct answer✔✔bond between metal and nonmetal; electrons are NOT shared: the
cation gives an e- up to the anion
metallic bonding - correct answer✔✔bond between two metals; sea of electrons that make
metals such good conductors; delocalized structure allows for malleability and ductility
interstitial alloy - correct answer✔✔metal atoms with vastly different radii combine; ex. steel
substitutional alloy - correct answer✔✔metal atoms with similar radii combine; ex. brass
covalent bonds - correct answer✔✔bond in which two atoms share electrons; each atom counts
the e- as a part of its valence shell
single bonds - correct answer✔✔one sigma bond, one e- pair; longest bond, least energy
double bonds - correct answer✔✔one sigma bond, one pi bond; two e- pairs
triple bonds - correct answer✔✔one sigma bond, two pi bonds; 3 e- pairs; shortest bond, most
energy
network covalent bonds - correct answer✔✔lattice of covalent bonds; network solid (acts similar
to one molecule); very hard, high melting/boiling points; poor conductors
the common network solids - correct answer✔✔SiO2,
Progress Check | 100% Guaranteed A+ Score
isotope - correct answer✔✔element with a different number of neutrons
mass spectrometry - correct answer✔✔mass of various isotopic elements to create a mass
spectrum graph
avogadros number - correct answer✔✔6.022 E23
? L/mol - correct answer✔✔22.4 L
empirical formula - correct answer✔✔simplest ratio of the molecules making up a compound
molecular formula - correct answer✔✔actual formula for a substance
coulombs law - correct answer✔✔the amount of energy that an electron has depends on its
distance from the nucleus of an atom; e=k(q1*q20)/r
ionization energy - correct answer✔✔amount of energy necessary to remove electrons from an
atom (electromagnetic energy exceeds binding energy)
shielding electrons - correct answer✔✔electrons between a valence electron and the nucleus that
decreases the attraction between the nucleus and the valence electron
periodic trend: left to right - correct answer✔✔periodic trend: atomic radius decreases; protons
are added to the nucleus so valence electrons are more strongly attracted
ionization energy increases (protons are added to the nucleus)
, periodic trend: down a group - correct answer✔✔periodic trend: atomic radius increases; shells
of electrons are added which shield the more distant shells and valence e- get farther away
ionization energy decreases (shells of e- added, each inner shell shields more and reduces the
pull on valence e- so they are easier to remove)
ionic bond - correct answer✔✔bond between metal and nonmetal; electrons are NOT shared: the
cation gives an e- up to the anion
metallic bonding - correct answer✔✔bond between two metals; sea of electrons that make
metals such good conductors; delocalized structure allows for malleability and ductility
interstitial alloy - correct answer✔✔metal atoms with vastly different radii combine; ex. steel
substitutional alloy - correct answer✔✔metal atoms with similar radii combine; ex. brass
covalent bonds - correct answer✔✔bond in which two atoms share electrons; each atom counts
the e- as a part of its valence shell
single bonds - correct answer✔✔one sigma bond, one e- pair; longest bond, least energy
double bonds - correct answer✔✔one sigma bond, one pi bond; two e- pairs
triple bonds - correct answer✔✔one sigma bond, two pi bonds; 3 e- pairs; shortest bond, most
energy
network covalent bonds - correct answer✔✔lattice of covalent bonds; network solid (acts similar
to one molecule); very hard, high melting/boiling points; poor conductors
the common network solids - correct answer✔✔SiO2,
