Page 1 of 125
NERC PREP TEST STUDY GUIDE WITH COMPLETE
550 QUESTIONS AND WELL ELABORATED ANSWERS
JUST RELEASED
QUESTION: What is the role of a Reliability Coordinator during system restoration? -
ANSWER✔✔Coordination between the transmission operators restoration plan
QUESTION: Which type of emergency condition is due to not being able to meet the load
requirements of an entities retail customers? - ANSWER✔✔Energy Emergency
QUESTION: How often should the Transmission Operator and Balancing Authority review and
update their Loss of Control Room Functionality Operating Plan? - ANSWER✔✔Annually
QUESTION: Which of the following best describes the Load/Frequency Relationship? -
ANSWER✔✔Load magnitude varies with system frequency
QUESTION: A system operator notices that frequency has dropped to 59.95 Hz, but his
Balancing Areas ACE is zero. The Balancing Authority has plenty of generation and helps the
Interconnection by requesting his generators to increase additional MW. Which statement best
describes the impact of his action? - ANSWER✔✔Increasing generation unilaterally may cause
transmission line over-loading
, Page 2 of 125
All Balancing Authority Areas have provided frequency response by increasing their generation
slightly. A Balancing Authority shall not unilaterally adjust generation in an attempt to return
Interconnection frequency to normal beyond that supplied through frequency bias action and
Interchange Scheduled changes. Increasing generation without coordination may overload
transmission facilities.
QUESTION: As a Transmission Operator, you realize that the voltage level is starting to decline in
the North West part of the system. Which of the following devices should you, as a Transmission
Operator, be able to operate, and/or have another entity operate to raise the voltage level back
to normal in the North West part of the system? - ANSWER✔✔Transformer Underload Tap
Changers, Shunt Capacitor Banks, and Generator Reactive are correct
QUESTION: Voltage reduction for load relief should be made on the __________. -
ANSWER✔✔Distribution system
Normally, voltage reduction for load relief should be made on the distribution system. Voltage
reduction on the sub transmission or transmission system may be effective in reducing load;
however, voltage reduction should not be made on the transmission system unless the system
has been isolated from the Interconnection. This is because implementing a voltage reduction
on a single system that is still interconnected to its neighbors will have a negative impact on the
voltage of neighboring systems as MVAr move from the neighboring systems to the system
attempting to reduce its voltage. - NERC Standard TOP-001
, Page 3 of 125
QUESTION: A transaction of 100 MWs is scheduled out of your area at the top of the hour with
a 10-minute ramp. You have the following generation available: What combination of
generation would need to be used?
Generator Capacity Current MWs Ramp Capability
1 100 MW 50 MW 5 MW/min
2 100 MW 40 MW 3 MW/min
3 100 MW 50 MW 1 MW/min
4 100 MW 60 MW 2 MW/min - ANSWER✔✔Generators 1, 2, 4
QUESTION: The Balancing Authority selling power to an end user entered the wrong schedule
for the upcoming hour. Which part of the ACE equation [ACE = (NIA - NIS) - 10B (FA - FS) - IME],
will cause Inadvertent Interchange to occur as the result of the incorrect schedule? -
ANSWER✔✔Both the Interchange portion and frequency portion of the Ace Equation will
contribute
QUESTION: What is the most common cause of frequency fluctuations? - ANSWER✔✔System
generation and load imbalance
QUESTION: A Balancing Authority's inadvertent accumulation reflects over-generation during
on-peak hours. When system load is decreasing, what actions could a Balancing Authority
system operator take to limit additional on peak inadvertent accumulation? -
ANSWER✔✔Decrease transactions into their system
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Decrease generation
QUESTION: Balancing Authority A is currently reading a system frequency of 59.98 Hz. Its Net
Actual Interchange is +100 MW and its Net Scheduled Interchange is +100 MW. If Balancing
Authority A's frequency bias setting is 100 MW/0.1 HZ, what is ACE? - ANSWER✔✔-20
QUESTION: Governor droop is expressed as: - ANSWER✔✔A percentage of the frequency
change required for a governor to move a unit from no load to full load, or full load to no load
QUESTION: If the frequency bias setting is less negative than the frequency response of a
Balancing Authority and a frequency decline is caused by a sudden loss of generation in an
external balancing area, what will be the result? - ANSWER✔✔The ACE will be positive value
and AGC will lower generation
QUESTION: Which of the following combinations would represent the best generation control
performance (in terms of helping the Interconnection's frequency) by a Balancing Area? -
ANSWER✔✔ACE is positive while frequency is below 60
QUESTION: If a Balancing Authority has an ACE of -175 MW and Frequency is 59.85 Hz. Which
real-time Control Performance Standard maybe outside of its low limit? - ANSWER✔✔BAAL
NERC PREP TEST STUDY GUIDE WITH COMPLETE
550 QUESTIONS AND WELL ELABORATED ANSWERS
JUST RELEASED
QUESTION: What is the role of a Reliability Coordinator during system restoration? -
ANSWER✔✔Coordination between the transmission operators restoration plan
QUESTION: Which type of emergency condition is due to not being able to meet the load
requirements of an entities retail customers? - ANSWER✔✔Energy Emergency
QUESTION: How often should the Transmission Operator and Balancing Authority review and
update their Loss of Control Room Functionality Operating Plan? - ANSWER✔✔Annually
QUESTION: Which of the following best describes the Load/Frequency Relationship? -
ANSWER✔✔Load magnitude varies with system frequency
QUESTION: A system operator notices that frequency has dropped to 59.95 Hz, but his
Balancing Areas ACE is zero. The Balancing Authority has plenty of generation and helps the
Interconnection by requesting his generators to increase additional MW. Which statement best
describes the impact of his action? - ANSWER✔✔Increasing generation unilaterally may cause
transmission line over-loading
, Page 2 of 125
All Balancing Authority Areas have provided frequency response by increasing their generation
slightly. A Balancing Authority shall not unilaterally adjust generation in an attempt to return
Interconnection frequency to normal beyond that supplied through frequency bias action and
Interchange Scheduled changes. Increasing generation without coordination may overload
transmission facilities.
QUESTION: As a Transmission Operator, you realize that the voltage level is starting to decline in
the North West part of the system. Which of the following devices should you, as a Transmission
Operator, be able to operate, and/or have another entity operate to raise the voltage level back
to normal in the North West part of the system? - ANSWER✔✔Transformer Underload Tap
Changers, Shunt Capacitor Banks, and Generator Reactive are correct
QUESTION: Voltage reduction for load relief should be made on the __________. -
ANSWER✔✔Distribution system
Normally, voltage reduction for load relief should be made on the distribution system. Voltage
reduction on the sub transmission or transmission system may be effective in reducing load;
however, voltage reduction should not be made on the transmission system unless the system
has been isolated from the Interconnection. This is because implementing a voltage reduction
on a single system that is still interconnected to its neighbors will have a negative impact on the
voltage of neighboring systems as MVAr move from the neighboring systems to the system
attempting to reduce its voltage. - NERC Standard TOP-001
, Page 3 of 125
QUESTION: A transaction of 100 MWs is scheduled out of your area at the top of the hour with
a 10-minute ramp. You have the following generation available: What combination of
generation would need to be used?
Generator Capacity Current MWs Ramp Capability
1 100 MW 50 MW 5 MW/min
2 100 MW 40 MW 3 MW/min
3 100 MW 50 MW 1 MW/min
4 100 MW 60 MW 2 MW/min - ANSWER✔✔Generators 1, 2, 4
QUESTION: The Balancing Authority selling power to an end user entered the wrong schedule
for the upcoming hour. Which part of the ACE equation [ACE = (NIA - NIS) - 10B (FA - FS) - IME],
will cause Inadvertent Interchange to occur as the result of the incorrect schedule? -
ANSWER✔✔Both the Interchange portion and frequency portion of the Ace Equation will
contribute
QUESTION: What is the most common cause of frequency fluctuations? - ANSWER✔✔System
generation and load imbalance
QUESTION: A Balancing Authority's inadvertent accumulation reflects over-generation during
on-peak hours. When system load is decreasing, what actions could a Balancing Authority
system operator take to limit additional on peak inadvertent accumulation? -
ANSWER✔✔Decrease transactions into their system
, Page 4 of 125
Decrease generation
QUESTION: Balancing Authority A is currently reading a system frequency of 59.98 Hz. Its Net
Actual Interchange is +100 MW and its Net Scheduled Interchange is +100 MW. If Balancing
Authority A's frequency bias setting is 100 MW/0.1 HZ, what is ACE? - ANSWER✔✔-20
QUESTION: Governor droop is expressed as: - ANSWER✔✔A percentage of the frequency
change required for a governor to move a unit from no load to full load, or full load to no load
QUESTION: If the frequency bias setting is less negative than the frequency response of a
Balancing Authority and a frequency decline is caused by a sudden loss of generation in an
external balancing area, what will be the result? - ANSWER✔✔The ACE will be positive value
and AGC will lower generation
QUESTION: Which of the following combinations would represent the best generation control
performance (in terms of helping the Interconnection's frequency) by a Balancing Area? -
ANSWER✔✔ACE is positive while frequency is below 60
QUESTION: If a Balancing Authority has an ACE of -175 MW and Frequency is 59.85 Hz. Which
real-time Control Performance Standard maybe outside of its low limit? - ANSWER✔✔BAAL
