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NURS 676 – ADVANCED PHARMACOLOGY 2025

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NURS 676 – Advanced Pharmacology is a core graduate-level course designed for advanced practice nursing students, including nurse practitioners, clinical nurse specialists, and DNP candidates. The course provides an in-depth study of pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and clinical pharmacotherapeutics across the lifespan. Students explore the mechanism of action, therapeutic uses, contraindications, and side effects of major drug classes used to treat acute and chronic conditions in diverse populations. Emphasis is placed on safe and effective prescribing, recognizing and managing adverse drug reactions, understanding drug interactions, and applying evidence-based guidelines to clinical decision-making. The course covers medications used in the management of cardiovascular, respiratory, endocrine, gastrointestinal, neurological, infectious, and psychiatric conditions, as well as special considerations for pediatrics, geriatrics, pregnancy, and patients with multiple comorbidities. NURS 676 equips students with the critical knowledge and skills necessary to practice safe, evidence-informed pharmacologic care as advanced practice nurses.

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NURS 676 – ADVANCED PHARMACOLOGY
Actual Questions and Answers
Expert-Verified Explanation
This Exam contains:
✪ 50 Questions and Answers
✪ Multiple-choice and True/False Format
✪ Expert-Verified Explanations
✪ Verified with Trusted Textbooks



1. What is the primary function of the sympathetic nervous system?
A. Promote digestion and rest
B. Promote alertness and energy ("Fight or Flight")
C. Decrease heart rate
D. Conserve energy during rest
Answer: B
EXPLANATION: The sympathetic system prepares the body for emergency or high-energy
situations by increasing cardiac output, respiratory rate, dilating pupils, and releasing energy
stores.



2. What neurotransmitters are primarily associated with the sympathetic nervous system?
A. Cholinergic
B. Dopaminergic
C. Adrenergic
D. Serotonergic
Answer: C
EXPLANATION: Adrenergic neurons release norepinephrine and epinephrine, activating the
sympathetic response.



3. Which of the following is a characteristic of the parasympathetic nervous system?
A. "Fight or flight"
B. Increases heart rate
C. Stimulates digestion and energy storage
D. Dilates pupils
Answer: C
EXPLANATION: The parasympathetic system is "rest and digest," which promotes digestion
and energy storage and slows heart rate.

, 4. Which receptors are primarily responsible for vasoconstriction and pupil dilation in the
sympathetic nervous system?
A. Beta 1
B. Beta 2
C. Alpha 1
D. Alpha 2
Answer: C
EXPLANATION: Alpha-1 receptors cause vasoconstriction and mydriasis (pupil dilation),
contributing to increased BP.



5. Beta-adrenergic stimulation leads to all EXCEPT:
A. Bronchial relaxation
B. Increased cardiac contractility
C. Decreased heart rate
D. Uterine relaxation
Answer: C
EXPLANATION: Beta stimulation increases heart rate, not decreases it. Decrease would be
caused by beta blockade.



6. Alpha-1 receptor agonists are primarily used to treat:
A. Bradycardia
B. Hypotension and nasal congestion
C. Asthma
D. Seizures
Answer: B
EXPLANATION: Alpha-1 agonists cause vasoconstriction, which helps treat hypotension and
reduce nasal congestion.



7. Which receptor is targeted by medications used for hypertension via central brain
action?
A. Alpha 1
B. Alpha 2
C. Beta 1
D. Beta 2
Answer: B
EXPLANATION: Alpha-2 agonists work centrally to reduce sympathetic outflow, lowering BP.

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