Cell & Molecular Biology Karp Chapters
1-4 with 100% correct answers 2025
If you were to argue that viruses are living organisms, what features of viral structure
and function might you use in your argument? - Correct AnswerThat viruses contain
genetic material; that they are capable of producing more of themselves, albeit only
inside a host cell; that they contain complex biological macromolecules; that they
evolve. These are all important criteria of living organisms.
Suppose you were a scientist living in the 1890s and were studying a disease of
tobacco crops that stunted the growth of the plants and mottled their leaves. You find
that the sap from a diseased plant, when added to a healthy plant, is capable of
transmitting the disease, to that plant.You examine the sap in the best light microscopes
of the period and see no evidence of bacteria. You force the sap through filters whose
pores are so small that they retard the passage of the smallest known bacteria, yet the
fluid that passes through the filters is still able to transmit the disease. Like Dimitri
Ivanovsky, who conducted these experiments more than a hundred years ago, you
would probably conclude that the infectious agent was an unknown type of unusually
small bacterium.What kinds of experiments might you perform today to test this
hypothesis? - Correct AnswerYou could examine the filtrate under the electron
microscope and determine whether the infectious agent was cellular, i.e., bacterial, or
noncellular, i.e., viral. You could try to culture the infective agent. If it was a bacterium,
you should be able to culture the agent in the absence of host cells, but not so if it were
a virus. You could determine the size of the genome (i.e., the RNA or DNA that
constituted its genetic material). If it was cellular, it would be expected to have a much
larger genome than if it was viral.
Prokaryotic cells can be distinguished from eukaryotic cells by the absence of:
a) a nucleus
b) DNA
c) a plasma membrane
d) All of these are absent. - Correct AnswerA nucleus
Eukaryotic cells can be found in all of the following organisms EXCEPT:
a) animals.
b) bacteria.
c) plants.
d) fungi. - Correct Answerbacteria
Which of these is NOT a common feature of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?
a) Mechanisms for transcription and translation
b) Genetic information encoded in DNA
c) Construction of plasma membrane
d) Cytoplasmic organelles such as endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex. - Correct
AnswerCytoplasmic organelles such as endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex
, All of the following are examples of prokaryotic cells EXCEPT:
a) viruses.
b) cyanobacteria.
c) bacteria.
d) mycoplasma. - Correct Answerviruses
Model organisms used by cell and molecular biologists include all of the following
EXCEPT:
a) mice.
b) bacteria.
c) nematodes.
d) orangutans. - Correct Answerorangutans
Which of the following structures is the smallest?
a) chloroplast
b) lipid bilayer
c) mitochondrion
d) DNA molecule - Correct AnswerDNA molecule
Which of the following statements about viruses is FALSE?
a) They can only be found associated with animal and bacterial cells.
b) They are smaller than bacteria.
c) They are responsible for numerous human diseases.
d) Some of them can become integrated into the DNA of the host's cell. - Correct
AnswerThey can only be found associated with animal and bacterial cells.
Contrary to viruses, bacteria:
a) contain genetic material in the form of DNA or RNA.
b) can be infected by bacteriophages.
c) have only 3 or 4 genes.
d) are microscopic. - Correct Answercan be infected by bacteriophages.
The hypothesis that explains the origin of eukaryotic cells as the result of two or more
simpler cells developing a relationship with one another is called:
a) panspermia.
b) symbiosis.
c) evolution theory.
d) endosymbiont theory. - Correct Answerendosymbiont theory.
A phylogenetic tree based on rRNA sequence comparisons show that the three
domains of life are:
a) Bacteria, Archaea, and Eucarya
b) Bacteria, Plantae, and Eukarya.
c) Archaea, Eucarya, and Fungi.
1-4 with 100% correct answers 2025
If you were to argue that viruses are living organisms, what features of viral structure
and function might you use in your argument? - Correct AnswerThat viruses contain
genetic material; that they are capable of producing more of themselves, albeit only
inside a host cell; that they contain complex biological macromolecules; that they
evolve. These are all important criteria of living organisms.
Suppose you were a scientist living in the 1890s and were studying a disease of
tobacco crops that stunted the growth of the plants and mottled their leaves. You find
that the sap from a diseased plant, when added to a healthy plant, is capable of
transmitting the disease, to that plant.You examine the sap in the best light microscopes
of the period and see no evidence of bacteria. You force the sap through filters whose
pores are so small that they retard the passage of the smallest known bacteria, yet the
fluid that passes through the filters is still able to transmit the disease. Like Dimitri
Ivanovsky, who conducted these experiments more than a hundred years ago, you
would probably conclude that the infectious agent was an unknown type of unusually
small bacterium.What kinds of experiments might you perform today to test this
hypothesis? - Correct AnswerYou could examine the filtrate under the electron
microscope and determine whether the infectious agent was cellular, i.e., bacterial, or
noncellular, i.e., viral. You could try to culture the infective agent. If it was a bacterium,
you should be able to culture the agent in the absence of host cells, but not so if it were
a virus. You could determine the size of the genome (i.e., the RNA or DNA that
constituted its genetic material). If it was cellular, it would be expected to have a much
larger genome than if it was viral.
Prokaryotic cells can be distinguished from eukaryotic cells by the absence of:
a) a nucleus
b) DNA
c) a plasma membrane
d) All of these are absent. - Correct AnswerA nucleus
Eukaryotic cells can be found in all of the following organisms EXCEPT:
a) animals.
b) bacteria.
c) plants.
d) fungi. - Correct Answerbacteria
Which of these is NOT a common feature of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?
a) Mechanisms for transcription and translation
b) Genetic information encoded in DNA
c) Construction of plasma membrane
d) Cytoplasmic organelles such as endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex. - Correct
AnswerCytoplasmic organelles such as endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex
, All of the following are examples of prokaryotic cells EXCEPT:
a) viruses.
b) cyanobacteria.
c) bacteria.
d) mycoplasma. - Correct Answerviruses
Model organisms used by cell and molecular biologists include all of the following
EXCEPT:
a) mice.
b) bacteria.
c) nematodes.
d) orangutans. - Correct Answerorangutans
Which of the following structures is the smallest?
a) chloroplast
b) lipid bilayer
c) mitochondrion
d) DNA molecule - Correct AnswerDNA molecule
Which of the following statements about viruses is FALSE?
a) They can only be found associated with animal and bacterial cells.
b) They are smaller than bacteria.
c) They are responsible for numerous human diseases.
d) Some of them can become integrated into the DNA of the host's cell. - Correct
AnswerThey can only be found associated with animal and bacterial cells.
Contrary to viruses, bacteria:
a) contain genetic material in the form of DNA or RNA.
b) can be infected by bacteriophages.
c) have only 3 or 4 genes.
d) are microscopic. - Correct Answercan be infected by bacteriophages.
The hypothesis that explains the origin of eukaryotic cells as the result of two or more
simpler cells developing a relationship with one another is called:
a) panspermia.
b) symbiosis.
c) evolution theory.
d) endosymbiont theory. - Correct Answerendosymbiont theory.
A phylogenetic tree based on rRNA sequence comparisons show that the three
domains of life are:
a) Bacteria, Archaea, and Eucarya
b) Bacteria, Plantae, and Eukarya.
c) Archaea, Eucarya, and Fungi.
