NURSING 206 EXAM 4 CONTENT / 570+
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS / 2025-2026
The peritoneum covers outside of abdominal organs, abdominal walls
the and lines the
what does the peritoneum allows organs to glide each other and glide against the
do? abdominal wall without friction
what does the esophagus do moves ingested food to the stomach
Peristalsis Involuntary waves of muscle contraction that keep food
moving along in one direction through the digestive
system
what does the stomach do liquifies food into chyme
what are the parts of the duodenum, jejunum, ileum
small intestines
What does the small absorbs nutrients
intestine do?
large intestines are known as colon
the
parts of the large intestine ascending, transverse, descending
what is the end of the sigmoid
descending colon called
what does the large absorb water and electrolytes hold
intestines do feces until defecation
,the rectum is below the sigmoid, 5, 3
, is inches long,
and has valves
parts of the anus include internal spinchter external
spinchter
internal spinchter is involuntary muscle
responsible for
external spinchter is voluntary muscle
responsible for
external anus should be moist hairless slightly darker
pigmentation
colostomy in ascending colon impaired absorption of water from feces; liquid stool
leads to
colostomy in descending more formed stool
colon leads to
where is the liver located right upper quadrant
functions of liver 1. protein, carb, fat metabolism
2. glycose converted to glycogen
3. production of clotting factors
4. detoxification of alcohol and drugs
5. bile production
what is the function of bile aids in digestion
where is the gallbladder right upper quadrant under the liver
located
function of gallbladder store bile
liver and gallbladder function can be impaired
when gallstones obstruct the
duct between the liver and
gallbladder, what happens
,where is the pancreas behind the stomach in the upper quadrants
located
function of pancreas: beta cell that make insulin, glucagon, gastrin
endocrine
function of pancreas: enzymes that when released into duodenum, break down
exocrine protein, fats, and carbs o be absorbed
where is the spleen located lateral left upper quadrant
functions of the spleen 1. erythrocyte production, storage, removal
2. activation of T and B cells (immune response)
where are the kidneys posterior abdominal cavity
located
functions of the kidneys fluid and electrolyte balance production of
renin and erythropoietin
what does renin do increase blood pressure
What does erythropoietin stimulates RBC production
do?
Where are the ureters between the kidney and urinary bladder
located?
what is the function of the deliver urine to bladder
ureters
what does it mean to say they must be open
ureters must be patent
Where is the bladder posterior to the pubic symphysis
located?
300 mL
how much urine can the
bladder hold before
having the urge to go
, what happens when the the bladder rises above the symphysis pubis and distends
urine in the bladder is directly below the umbilicus
greater than 300 mL
-will be firm when palpated
Where is the urethra Between the bladder and the body exit
located?
what is the function of the transports urine out of body through meatus
urethra
how to examine female -client in dorsal recumbent
urethra -wear gloves
-split labia (slit above vagina
how to examine male -wear gloves
urethra -retract foreskin if present
-meatus is centrally located at tip of penis
for both males and lesions or drainage
females, there should be
no or at the
meatus
nursing interventions for 1. explain the procedure
abdominal evaluation 2. place client in supine position with HOB loweredas much as
possible and knees bent
3. raise the height of the bed
order of evaluation for 1. inspect
abdominal region 2. auscultate
3. palpate
4. percussion
why is the client placed in promotes relaxation of the abdominal muscles
the dorsal recumbent
position for abdominal
evaluation
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS / 2025-2026
The peritoneum covers outside of abdominal organs, abdominal walls
the and lines the
what does the peritoneum allows organs to glide each other and glide against the
do? abdominal wall without friction
what does the esophagus do moves ingested food to the stomach
Peristalsis Involuntary waves of muscle contraction that keep food
moving along in one direction through the digestive
system
what does the stomach do liquifies food into chyme
what are the parts of the duodenum, jejunum, ileum
small intestines
What does the small absorbs nutrients
intestine do?
large intestines are known as colon
the
parts of the large intestine ascending, transverse, descending
what is the end of the sigmoid
descending colon called
what does the large absorb water and electrolytes hold
intestines do feces until defecation
,the rectum is below the sigmoid, 5, 3
, is inches long,
and has valves
parts of the anus include internal spinchter external
spinchter
internal spinchter is involuntary muscle
responsible for
external spinchter is voluntary muscle
responsible for
external anus should be moist hairless slightly darker
pigmentation
colostomy in ascending colon impaired absorption of water from feces; liquid stool
leads to
colostomy in descending more formed stool
colon leads to
where is the liver located right upper quadrant
functions of liver 1. protein, carb, fat metabolism
2. glycose converted to glycogen
3. production of clotting factors
4. detoxification of alcohol and drugs
5. bile production
what is the function of bile aids in digestion
where is the gallbladder right upper quadrant under the liver
located
function of gallbladder store bile
liver and gallbladder function can be impaired
when gallstones obstruct the
duct between the liver and
gallbladder, what happens
,where is the pancreas behind the stomach in the upper quadrants
located
function of pancreas: beta cell that make insulin, glucagon, gastrin
endocrine
function of pancreas: enzymes that when released into duodenum, break down
exocrine protein, fats, and carbs o be absorbed
where is the spleen located lateral left upper quadrant
functions of the spleen 1. erythrocyte production, storage, removal
2. activation of T and B cells (immune response)
where are the kidneys posterior abdominal cavity
located
functions of the kidneys fluid and electrolyte balance production of
renin and erythropoietin
what does renin do increase blood pressure
What does erythropoietin stimulates RBC production
do?
Where are the ureters between the kidney and urinary bladder
located?
what is the function of the deliver urine to bladder
ureters
what does it mean to say they must be open
ureters must be patent
Where is the bladder posterior to the pubic symphysis
located?
300 mL
how much urine can the
bladder hold before
having the urge to go
, what happens when the the bladder rises above the symphysis pubis and distends
urine in the bladder is directly below the umbilicus
greater than 300 mL
-will be firm when palpated
Where is the urethra Between the bladder and the body exit
located?
what is the function of the transports urine out of body through meatus
urethra
how to examine female -client in dorsal recumbent
urethra -wear gloves
-split labia (slit above vagina
how to examine male -wear gloves
urethra -retract foreskin if present
-meatus is centrally located at tip of penis
for both males and lesions or drainage
females, there should be
no or at the
meatus
nursing interventions for 1. explain the procedure
abdominal evaluation 2. place client in supine position with HOB loweredas much as
possible and knees bent
3. raise the height of the bed
order of evaluation for 1. inspect
abdominal region 2. auscultate
3. palpate
4. percussion
why is the client placed in promotes relaxation of the abdominal muscles
the dorsal recumbent
position for abdominal
evaluation
