A drug that selectively stimulates muscarinic receptors is: - ANSWER Bethanechol
The side effect(s) of muscarinic agonists could be: - ANSWER - diarrhea
- bronchospasm
- vasodilationc
A drug that is topically used for treating glaucoma: - ANSWER carbachol
(T/F) A selective muscarinic agonist can stimulate skeletal muscle contraction. - ANSWER False
(T/F) A direct-acting cholinomimetic drug mimics the action of acetylcholine by inhibiting the activity of
acetylcholinesterase (AchE). - ANSWER False
Drug Y is an antagonist for muscarinic receptors. An effect of drug Y on heart can be: - ANSWER positive
chronotropy
Drug X blocks muscarinic receptors. An effect of drug X on eyes can be: - ANSWER mydriasis
Drug Z is muscarinic blocker. The effects on most of the blood vessels can be: - ANSWER no effect
WRONG options: vasodilation, vasoconstriction, atherosclerosis
The least favorite antimuscarinic drug used in COPD: - ANSWER ipratropium
A useful application for a muscarinic blocker can be: - ANSWER minor diarrhea
,Atropine blocks: - ANSWER all M1-M5 receptors
The following muscarinic blocker can cross the blood brain barrier: - ANSWER scopolamine
A patient with narrow anterior chamber angle needs a mydriatic drug for eye examination, we can give:
- ANSWER tropicamide
Darifenacin is effective in COPD because it: - ANSWER causes bronchorelaxation and decrease secretion
A crop duster pilot has been accidentally exposed to a high concentration of a highly toxic agricultural
organophosphate insecticide. If untreated, the cause of death from such exposure would probably be: -
ANSWER respiratory failure
Pyridostigmine and neostigmine may cause which one of the following in this patient? - ANSWER
diarrhea
(T/F) Atropine administration will strongly decrease gastric and pancreatic secretion. - ANSWER False
Which of the following is incorrect about the parasympathetic NS? - ANSWER dilates pupils
CORRECT options:
- "rest and digest"
- stimulates saliva and activity of GI system
- contracts bladder
What are the actions of the sympathetic system (select all that apply)? - ANSWER - increases heartbeat
- inhibits activity of stomach and intestines
- relaxes and opens airways
, Norepinephrine acts on all of the following receptors except? - ANSWER muscarinic 2
CORRECT options:
- alpha 2
- beta 1 and 2
- alpha 1
Which of the following are incorrect about the actions of NE on different receptors? - ANSWER causes
increase in heart rate when acting on beta 2 (should be beta 1)
CORRECT options:
- leads to bronchodilation (opening of airways) when acting on beta 2
- causes vasoconstriction in blood vessels when acting on alpha 1
- action at alpha 1 causes pupil dilation
Direct acting cholinomimetic agents act by: - ANSWER activating both muscarinic and nicotinic receptors
Which of the following is true about nicotinic receptors? - ANSWER they are ligand-gated Na+ channels
M2 receptor stimulation causes ________ effects - ANSWER inhibitory
Which of the following is true? - ANSWER Bethanechol chloride only has action at muscarinic receptors
INCORRECT options:
- Methacholine chloride has less muscarinic action than bethanechol chloride
- Acetylcholine chloride is not susceptible to cholinesterase
- Carbachol chloride has more muscarinic action than nicotinic action
The side effect(s) of muscarinic agonists could be: - ANSWER - diarrhea
- bronchospasm
- vasodilationc
A drug that is topically used for treating glaucoma: - ANSWER carbachol
(T/F) A selective muscarinic agonist can stimulate skeletal muscle contraction. - ANSWER False
(T/F) A direct-acting cholinomimetic drug mimics the action of acetylcholine by inhibiting the activity of
acetylcholinesterase (AchE). - ANSWER False
Drug Y is an antagonist for muscarinic receptors. An effect of drug Y on heart can be: - ANSWER positive
chronotropy
Drug X blocks muscarinic receptors. An effect of drug X on eyes can be: - ANSWER mydriasis
Drug Z is muscarinic blocker. The effects on most of the blood vessels can be: - ANSWER no effect
WRONG options: vasodilation, vasoconstriction, atherosclerosis
The least favorite antimuscarinic drug used in COPD: - ANSWER ipratropium
A useful application for a muscarinic blocker can be: - ANSWER minor diarrhea
,Atropine blocks: - ANSWER all M1-M5 receptors
The following muscarinic blocker can cross the blood brain barrier: - ANSWER scopolamine
A patient with narrow anterior chamber angle needs a mydriatic drug for eye examination, we can give:
- ANSWER tropicamide
Darifenacin is effective in COPD because it: - ANSWER causes bronchorelaxation and decrease secretion
A crop duster pilot has been accidentally exposed to a high concentration of a highly toxic agricultural
organophosphate insecticide. If untreated, the cause of death from such exposure would probably be: -
ANSWER respiratory failure
Pyridostigmine and neostigmine may cause which one of the following in this patient? - ANSWER
diarrhea
(T/F) Atropine administration will strongly decrease gastric and pancreatic secretion. - ANSWER False
Which of the following is incorrect about the parasympathetic NS? - ANSWER dilates pupils
CORRECT options:
- "rest and digest"
- stimulates saliva and activity of GI system
- contracts bladder
What are the actions of the sympathetic system (select all that apply)? - ANSWER - increases heartbeat
- inhibits activity of stomach and intestines
- relaxes and opens airways
, Norepinephrine acts on all of the following receptors except? - ANSWER muscarinic 2
CORRECT options:
- alpha 2
- beta 1 and 2
- alpha 1
Which of the following are incorrect about the actions of NE on different receptors? - ANSWER causes
increase in heart rate when acting on beta 2 (should be beta 1)
CORRECT options:
- leads to bronchodilation (opening of airways) when acting on beta 2
- causes vasoconstriction in blood vessels when acting on alpha 1
- action at alpha 1 causes pupil dilation
Direct acting cholinomimetic agents act by: - ANSWER activating both muscarinic and nicotinic receptors
Which of the following is true about nicotinic receptors? - ANSWER they are ligand-gated Na+ channels
M2 receptor stimulation causes ________ effects - ANSWER inhibitory
Which of the following is true? - ANSWER Bethanechol chloride only has action at muscarinic receptors
INCORRECT options:
- Methacholine chloride has less muscarinic action than bethanechol chloride
- Acetylcholine chloride is not susceptible to cholinesterase
- Carbachol chloride has more muscarinic action than nicotinic action
