TECHNOLOGY OF THE INDUSTRIAL AGE EXAM WITH
SOLUTIONS #20
Steam engine - correct answer provided inexpensive way to harness coal power to
create steam, which generated energy for machinery in textile factories, seam produced
power for steam powered trains
Water transportation - correct answer steamships revolutionized sailing. Use of coal
made energy production mobile and dependable, instead of being fixed in 1 place like
river would be, coal-powered steam engines could be built anywhere and could be used
on ships and trains. Unlike wind, engines could be turned on and off by people. Ocean
going ships and boats on lakes weren't longer dependent on winds for power. On river,
steam-powered ships were able to travel quickly upstream, instead of having to sail up
or towed by people and animals along shore. Steam-powered ships replaced sailing
ships in worldwide travel, coaling stations became important refueling points
Iron - correct answer coal made possible the production of iron, improved processed
helped iron producers increase outputs. Introduction of coke, refined form of coal that
made possible the use of much larger iron producing furnaces. Cats iron was strong but
brittle making it hard ti stretch and shape. Henry Cost patented the process for making
less strong but more workable wrought iron
2nd Industrial Revolution - correct answer U.S., Great Britain, Germany were key
players. Innovations of 1st industrial revolution were textiles, steam power, and iron
developments of 2nd industrial revolution were in steel, chemicals, precision machinery,
and electronics
Steel production - correct answer mass production of steel, an alloy of iron and carbon
became possible with introduction of Bessemer Process, involved blasting molten metal
with wire to remove impurities and keep metal from solidifying. His innovation was
refined and improved, allowing steel to become strong and versatile backbone of
industrial society
Oil - correct answer 1st commercial oil wells were drilled, tapping into vast new resource
of energy. Petroleum, like coal, is fossil fuel. At 1st most important product form
petroleum was kerosene, used for lighting and heaters. Inventors developed chemical
techniques to extract kerosene from petroleum. These techniques led to other
developments, precision machinery and internal combustion engine, led to automobile
and airplane technologies. When automobiles were introduced, gasoline as fuel became
a more important product from petroleum than kerosene
Electricity - correct answer harnessing of electrical power had to wait for development of
an effective electrical generator. In London 1st public power station began production.
Electrification led to street lighting and electric street trains
SOLUTIONS #20
Steam engine - correct answer provided inexpensive way to harness coal power to
create steam, which generated energy for machinery in textile factories, seam produced
power for steam powered trains
Water transportation - correct answer steamships revolutionized sailing. Use of coal
made energy production mobile and dependable, instead of being fixed in 1 place like
river would be, coal-powered steam engines could be built anywhere and could be used
on ships and trains. Unlike wind, engines could be turned on and off by people. Ocean
going ships and boats on lakes weren't longer dependent on winds for power. On river,
steam-powered ships were able to travel quickly upstream, instead of having to sail up
or towed by people and animals along shore. Steam-powered ships replaced sailing
ships in worldwide travel, coaling stations became important refueling points
Iron - correct answer coal made possible the production of iron, improved processed
helped iron producers increase outputs. Introduction of coke, refined form of coal that
made possible the use of much larger iron producing furnaces. Cats iron was strong but
brittle making it hard ti stretch and shape. Henry Cost patented the process for making
less strong but more workable wrought iron
2nd Industrial Revolution - correct answer U.S., Great Britain, Germany were key
players. Innovations of 1st industrial revolution were textiles, steam power, and iron
developments of 2nd industrial revolution were in steel, chemicals, precision machinery,
and electronics
Steel production - correct answer mass production of steel, an alloy of iron and carbon
became possible with introduction of Bessemer Process, involved blasting molten metal
with wire to remove impurities and keep metal from solidifying. His innovation was
refined and improved, allowing steel to become strong and versatile backbone of
industrial society
Oil - correct answer 1st commercial oil wells were drilled, tapping into vast new resource
of energy. Petroleum, like coal, is fossil fuel. At 1st most important product form
petroleum was kerosene, used for lighting and heaters. Inventors developed chemical
techniques to extract kerosene from petroleum. These techniques led to other
developments, precision machinery and internal combustion engine, led to automobile
and airplane technologies. When automobiles were introduced, gasoline as fuel became
a more important product from petroleum than kerosene
Electricity - correct answer harnessing of electrical power had to wait for development of
an effective electrical generator. In London 1st public power station began production.
Electrification led to street lighting and electric street trains
