NURS 205 PHARMACOLOGY FINAL PRACTICE
EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) PLUS RATIONALES 2025
MARYVILLE UNIVERSITY
1. A nurse is administering digoxin to a patient with heart failure. Which
electrolyte imbalance increases the risk of digoxin toxicity?
a. Hypercalcemia
b. Hypokalemia
c. Hypermagnesemia
d. Hyponatremia
Hypokalemia enhances digoxin's effects on the myocardium,
increasing the risk of toxicity.
2. Which class of drugs is most commonly used as a first-line treatment
for hypertension?
a. Beta-blockers
b. Thiazide diuretics
c. Calcium channel blockers
, d. ACE inhibitors
Thiazide diuretics are often the first choice due to their effectiveness
and cost-efficiency.
3. A patient taking warfarin should avoid excessive intake of:
a. Potassium
b. Sodium
c. Vitamin K
d. Vitamin C
Vitamin K can antagonize warfarin's anticoagulant effect, reducing
its efficacy.
4. What is the antidote for opioid overdose?
a. Acetylcysteine
b. Flumazenil
c. Naloxone
d. Protamine sulfate
Naloxone rapidly reverses opioid effects by displacing opioids at
receptor sites.
5. Which adverse effect is most associated with ACE inhibitors?
a. Constipation
b. Dry cough
c. Drowsiness
d. Hypokalemia
, ACE inhibitors commonly cause a dry, persistent cough due to
increased bradykinin levels.
6. A patient prescribed tetracycline is instructed to avoid:
a. Orange juice
b. Green vegetables
c. Milk products
d. Red meat
Calcium in dairy products binds tetracycline, reducing its absorption.
7. The primary action of furosemide is to:
a. Promote diuresis by inhibiting sodium and chloride reabsorption in
the loop of Henle
b. Block beta-adrenergic receptors
c. Inhibit H2 receptors
d. Increase renal blood flow
Furosemide is a loop diuretic that inhibits reabsorption in the loop of
Henle.
8. A patient reports ringing in the ears while taking aspirin. This is a
symptom of:
a. Salicylism
b. Hypoglycemia
c. GI bleeding
d. Hypertension
Tinnitus is an early sign of salicylate toxicity, known as salicylism.
EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) PLUS RATIONALES 2025
MARYVILLE UNIVERSITY
1. A nurse is administering digoxin to a patient with heart failure. Which
electrolyte imbalance increases the risk of digoxin toxicity?
a. Hypercalcemia
b. Hypokalemia
c. Hypermagnesemia
d. Hyponatremia
Hypokalemia enhances digoxin's effects on the myocardium,
increasing the risk of toxicity.
2. Which class of drugs is most commonly used as a first-line treatment
for hypertension?
a. Beta-blockers
b. Thiazide diuretics
c. Calcium channel blockers
, d. ACE inhibitors
Thiazide diuretics are often the first choice due to their effectiveness
and cost-efficiency.
3. A patient taking warfarin should avoid excessive intake of:
a. Potassium
b. Sodium
c. Vitamin K
d. Vitamin C
Vitamin K can antagonize warfarin's anticoagulant effect, reducing
its efficacy.
4. What is the antidote for opioid overdose?
a. Acetylcysteine
b. Flumazenil
c. Naloxone
d. Protamine sulfate
Naloxone rapidly reverses opioid effects by displacing opioids at
receptor sites.
5. Which adverse effect is most associated with ACE inhibitors?
a. Constipation
b. Dry cough
c. Drowsiness
d. Hypokalemia
, ACE inhibitors commonly cause a dry, persistent cough due to
increased bradykinin levels.
6. A patient prescribed tetracycline is instructed to avoid:
a. Orange juice
b. Green vegetables
c. Milk products
d. Red meat
Calcium in dairy products binds tetracycline, reducing its absorption.
7. The primary action of furosemide is to:
a. Promote diuresis by inhibiting sodium and chloride reabsorption in
the loop of Henle
b. Block beta-adrenergic receptors
c. Inhibit H2 receptors
d. Increase renal blood flow
Furosemide is a loop diuretic that inhibits reabsorption in the loop of
Henle.
8. A patient reports ringing in the ears while taking aspirin. This is a
symptom of:
a. Salicylism
b. Hypoglycemia
c. GI bleeding
d. Hypertension
Tinnitus is an early sign of salicylate toxicity, known as salicylism.
