PUBLIC HEALTH NURSING FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2024-2025
A client has come to the OB/GYN clinic due to recent heavy menstrual flow. Because of the client's
consequent increase in red cell production, the nurse should recommend the client increase daily intake
of what substance?
A. Vitamin E
B. Vitamin D
C. Iron
D. Magnesium
Iron
The nurse is planning the care of a client with a nutritional deficit and a diagnosis of megaloblastic
anemia. The nurse should recognize that this client's health problem is due to which issue with the red
blood cells (RBCs)?
A. Production of inadequate quantities of RBCs
B. Premature release of immature RBCs
C. Injury to the RBCs in circulation
D. Abnormalities in the structure and function of RBCs
Abnormalities in the structure and function of RBCs
A nurse is caring for a client who is undergoing preliminary testing for a hematologic disorder. Which
sign or symptom of a hematologic disorder is most common?
A. Sudden change in level of consciousness (LOC)
B. Recurrent infections
,C. Anaphylaxis
D. Severe fatigue
Severe fatigue
The nurse caring for a client receiving a transfusion notes that 15 minutes after the infusion of packed
red blood cells (PRBCs) has begun, the client is having difficulty breathing and reports severe chest
tightness. What is the most appropriate initial action for the nurse to take?
A. Notify the client's health care provider.
B. Stop the transfusion immediately.
C. Remove the client's IV access.
D. Assess the client's chest sounds and vital signs.
Stop the transfusion immediately
The nurse is describing the role of plasminogen in the clotting cascade. Where in the body is
plasminogen present?
A. Myocardial muscle tissue
B. All body fluids
C. Cerebral tissue
D. Venous and arterial vessel walls
All body fluids
The nurse is caring for a client who has developed scar tissue in many of the areas that normally
produce blood cells. What organs can become active in blood cell production by the process of
extramedullary hematopoiesis?
A. Spleen and kidneys
B. Kidneys and pancreas
C. Pancreas and liver
D. Liver and spleen
Liver and spleen
,Through the process of hematopoiesis, stem cells differentiate into either myeloid or lymphoid stem
cells. Into what do myeloid stem cells further differentiate? Select all that apply.
A. Leukocytes
B. Natural killer cells
C. Cytokines
D. Platelets
E. Erythrocytes
Leukocytes
Platelets
Erythrocytes
A client's wound has begun to heal and the blood clot which formed is no longer necessary. When a
blood clot is no longer needed, the fibrinogen and fibrin will be digested by which of the following?
A. Plasminogen
B. Thrombin
C. Prothrombin
D. Plasmin
Plasmin
A client undergoing a hip replacement has autologous blood on standby if a transfusion is needed. What
is the primary advantage of autologous transfusions?
A. Safe transfusion for clients with a history of transfusion reactions
B. Prevention of viral infections from another person's blood
C. Avoidance of complications in clients with alloantibodies
D. Prevention of alloimmunization
Prevention of viral infections from another person's blood
, A client has been diagnosed with a lymphoid stem cell defect. This client has the potential for a problem
involving which of the following?
A. Plasma cells
B. Neutrophils
C. Red blood cells
D. Platelets
Plasma cells
The nurse is describing normal erythrocyte physiology to a client who has a diagnosis of anemia. The
nurse should explain that the erythrocytes consist primarily of which substance?
A. Plasminogen
B. Hemoglobin
C. Hematocrit
D. Fibrin
Hemoglobin
The nurse educating a client with anemia is describing the process of red blood cell production. When
the client's kidneys sense a low level of oxygen in circulating blood, which physiologic response is
initiated?
A. Increased stem cell synthesis
B. Decreased respiratory rate
C. Arterial vasoconstriction
D. Increased levels of erythropoietin
Increased levels of erythropoietin
ANSWERS 2024-2025
A client has come to the OB/GYN clinic due to recent heavy menstrual flow. Because of the client's
consequent increase in red cell production, the nurse should recommend the client increase daily intake
of what substance?
A. Vitamin E
B. Vitamin D
C. Iron
D. Magnesium
Iron
The nurse is planning the care of a client with a nutritional deficit and a diagnosis of megaloblastic
anemia. The nurse should recognize that this client's health problem is due to which issue with the red
blood cells (RBCs)?
A. Production of inadequate quantities of RBCs
B. Premature release of immature RBCs
C. Injury to the RBCs in circulation
D. Abnormalities in the structure and function of RBCs
Abnormalities in the structure and function of RBCs
A nurse is caring for a client who is undergoing preliminary testing for a hematologic disorder. Which
sign or symptom of a hematologic disorder is most common?
A. Sudden change in level of consciousness (LOC)
B. Recurrent infections
,C. Anaphylaxis
D. Severe fatigue
Severe fatigue
The nurse caring for a client receiving a transfusion notes that 15 minutes after the infusion of packed
red blood cells (PRBCs) has begun, the client is having difficulty breathing and reports severe chest
tightness. What is the most appropriate initial action for the nurse to take?
A. Notify the client's health care provider.
B. Stop the transfusion immediately.
C. Remove the client's IV access.
D. Assess the client's chest sounds and vital signs.
Stop the transfusion immediately
The nurse is describing the role of plasminogen in the clotting cascade. Where in the body is
plasminogen present?
A. Myocardial muscle tissue
B. All body fluids
C. Cerebral tissue
D. Venous and arterial vessel walls
All body fluids
The nurse is caring for a client who has developed scar tissue in many of the areas that normally
produce blood cells. What organs can become active in blood cell production by the process of
extramedullary hematopoiesis?
A. Spleen and kidneys
B. Kidneys and pancreas
C. Pancreas and liver
D. Liver and spleen
Liver and spleen
,Through the process of hematopoiesis, stem cells differentiate into either myeloid or lymphoid stem
cells. Into what do myeloid stem cells further differentiate? Select all that apply.
A. Leukocytes
B. Natural killer cells
C. Cytokines
D. Platelets
E. Erythrocytes
Leukocytes
Platelets
Erythrocytes
A client's wound has begun to heal and the blood clot which formed is no longer necessary. When a
blood clot is no longer needed, the fibrinogen and fibrin will be digested by which of the following?
A. Plasminogen
B. Thrombin
C. Prothrombin
D. Plasmin
Plasmin
A client undergoing a hip replacement has autologous blood on standby if a transfusion is needed. What
is the primary advantage of autologous transfusions?
A. Safe transfusion for clients with a history of transfusion reactions
B. Prevention of viral infections from another person's blood
C. Avoidance of complications in clients with alloantibodies
D. Prevention of alloimmunization
Prevention of viral infections from another person's blood
, A client has been diagnosed with a lymphoid stem cell defect. This client has the potential for a problem
involving which of the following?
A. Plasma cells
B. Neutrophils
C. Red blood cells
D. Platelets
Plasma cells
The nurse is describing normal erythrocyte physiology to a client who has a diagnosis of anemia. The
nurse should explain that the erythrocytes consist primarily of which substance?
A. Plasminogen
B. Hemoglobin
C. Hematocrit
D. Fibrin
Hemoglobin
The nurse educating a client with anemia is describing the process of red blood cell production. When
the client's kidneys sense a low level of oxygen in circulating blood, which physiologic response is
initiated?
A. Increased stem cell synthesis
B. Decreased respiratory rate
C. Arterial vasoconstriction
D. Increased levels of erythropoietin
Increased levels of erythropoietin
