NSG 527 Final Exam Questions And
Answers
Acetylcholine < ANS >involved in voluntary movement, learning, memory, and sleep?
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acetylcholine < ANS >Too much ___?_____is associated with depression, and too little in the
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hippocampus has been associated with dementia.
bn bn bn bn bn bn
Dopamine < ANS >correlated with movement, attention, and learning?
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
Dopamine < ANS >Too much__________?has been associated with schizophrenia, and too
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
little_________? is associated with some forms of depression as well as the muscular rigidity and
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
tremors found in Parkinson's disease.
bn bn bn bn bn
Norepinephrine < ANS >associated with eating, alertness? bn bn bn bn bn bn
Norepinephrine < ANS >Too little _______? has been associated with depression, while an excess has
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
been associated with schizophrenia.
bn bn bn bn
Epinephrine < ANS >involved in energy, and glucose metabolism?
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
Serotonin < ANS >plays a role in mood, sleep, appetite, and impulsive and aggressive behavior?
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
serotonin < ANS >Too little_______? is associated with depression and some anxiety disorders,
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
especially obsessive-compulsive disorder. Some antidepressant medications increase the availability of
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
_________? at the receptor sites
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GABA < ANS >inhibits excitation and anxiety?
bn bn bn bn bn bn
GABA < ANS >Too little ______?is associated with anxiety and anxiety disorders. Some antianxiety
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
medication increases _____?at the receptor sites.
bn bn bn bn bn bn
Endorphins < ANS >involved in pain relief and feelings of pleasure and contentedness?
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
Frontal Lobe < ANS >• Executive functioning and personality
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Maintain and focus attention
bn bn bn bn
• Organize thinking, planning, speech, and motor activities
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Weigh consequences
bn bn
• Set goals
bn bn
• Modulate emotions
bn bn
• Integrate ideas, emotions, and perceptions
bn bn bn bn bn
• Shapes personality?
bn bn
,Parietal lobe < ANS >• Body sensations
bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Motor activities, attention and perception of spatial relations
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Processes sensory impulses from the thalamus
bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Maintains focused attention
bn bn bn
• Registers acts of aggression
bn bn bn bn
• Wernicke's area located in the left temporoparietal junction is responsible for the comprehension of
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
speech??
bn
Temporal lobe < ANS >• Emotion and memory circuits
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Hearing, learning, memory circuits, sexual identity, and processing of auditory stimuli
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Gives emotional tone to memories
bn bn bn bn bn
• Is involved in making moral judgments
bn bn bn bn bn bn
Occipital lobe < ANS >• Vision bn bn bn bn bn
• Visual memory
bn bn
• Reading
bn
• language formation
bn bn
• reception of vestibular, acoustic, and tactile stimuli
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
Cerebrum < ANS >• Functions as an auxiliary structure for the entire cerebral cortex
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Posture and balance in walking
bn bn bn bn bn
• Sequential movements required in eating and writing
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Control speed and acceleration of movement
bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Involved in smooth eye movement
bn bn bn bn bn
• Cognition and language
bn bn bn
• Memory and impulse control
bn bn bn bn
Brainstem (Medulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain) < ANS >• Medulla oblongata- regulation of blood
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
pressure, respiration, and digestion. Reflex center for vomiting coughing, sneezing, swallowing, and
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
hiccupping.
bn
• Pons- Relays information from the cerebral hemisphere to the cerebellum
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Midbrain- control many sensory and motor functions including eye movement
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
Locus ceruleus < ANS >• Produces norepinephrine
bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Activity maintains arousal
bn bn bn
, • Inactivity allows sleep
bn bn bn
Dorsal raphe < ANS >• Produces serotonin
bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Control sleep wake cycle
bn bn bn bn
Reticular activating system (RAS) < ANS >• Involved in arousal and sleep- the "toggle switch"
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Switches the cerebral cortex on when individual is relaxed
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Switches limbic system on when there is a threat
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Regulates thalamus and cortex activities that are involved in emotions
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Involved in processing pain and in regulation of heartrate, breathing, perspiration, swallowing,
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
coughing, salivation, urination, and sexual arousal
bn bn bn bn bn bn
Reticular activating system (RAS) < ANS >• Involved in arousal and sleep- the "toggle switch"
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Switches the cerebral cortex on when individual is relaxed
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Switches limbic system on when there is a threat
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Regulates thalamus and cortex activities that are involved in emotions
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Involved in processing pain and in regulation of heartrate, breathing, perspiration, swallowing,
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
coughing, salivation, urination, and sexual arousal
bn bn bn bn bn bn
Hypothalamus < ANS >• Bridges internal homeostasis and outside environment
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Involved with raw emotions of pleasure, reward, aversion, and rage
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Regulates the autonomic nervous system and secretion of pituitary hormones
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Involved in hunger, thirst, water balance, regulation of temperature, circadian rhythms, and stress
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
response
bn
Thalamus < ANS >• Gaits information to the neocortex
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Processes information coming from the 5 senses and information coming from the amygdala and
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
cerebellum before it goes to the neocortex
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Involved in wakefulness, sleep, and pain perception
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
Amygdala < ANS >• Anxiety and anger
bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Generates rudimentary emotions such as fear, rage, religious ecstasy, and sexual desire
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Surveys the environment
bn bn bn
• Regulates fear and response to stress
bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Evaluates expression of friendliness, fear, love, affection, distrust, and anger
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Contributes to emotional memories, especially fear
bn bn bn bn bn bn
Answers
Acetylcholine < ANS >involved in voluntary movement, learning, memory, and sleep?
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
acetylcholine < ANS >Too much ___?_____is associated with depression, and too little in the
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
hippocampus has been associated with dementia.
bn bn bn bn bn bn
Dopamine < ANS >correlated with movement, attention, and learning?
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
Dopamine < ANS >Too much__________?has been associated with schizophrenia, and too
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
little_________? is associated with some forms of depression as well as the muscular rigidity and
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
tremors found in Parkinson's disease.
bn bn bn bn bn
Norepinephrine < ANS >associated with eating, alertness? bn bn bn bn bn bn
Norepinephrine < ANS >Too little _______? has been associated with depression, while an excess has
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
been associated with schizophrenia.
bn bn bn bn
Epinephrine < ANS >involved in energy, and glucose metabolism?
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
Serotonin < ANS >plays a role in mood, sleep, appetite, and impulsive and aggressive behavior?
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
serotonin < ANS >Too little_______? is associated with depression and some anxiety disorders,
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
especially obsessive-compulsive disorder. Some antidepressant medications increase the availability of
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
_________? at the receptor sites
bn bn bn bn bn
GABA < ANS >inhibits excitation and anxiety?
bn bn bn bn bn bn
GABA < ANS >Too little ______?is associated with anxiety and anxiety disorders. Some antianxiety
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
medication increases _____?at the receptor sites.
bn bn bn bn bn bn
Endorphins < ANS >involved in pain relief and feelings of pleasure and contentedness?
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
Frontal Lobe < ANS >• Executive functioning and personality
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Maintain and focus attention
bn bn bn bn
• Organize thinking, planning, speech, and motor activities
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Weigh consequences
bn bn
• Set goals
bn bn
• Modulate emotions
bn bn
• Integrate ideas, emotions, and perceptions
bn bn bn bn bn
• Shapes personality?
bn bn
,Parietal lobe < ANS >• Body sensations
bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Motor activities, attention and perception of spatial relations
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Processes sensory impulses from the thalamus
bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Maintains focused attention
bn bn bn
• Registers acts of aggression
bn bn bn bn
• Wernicke's area located in the left temporoparietal junction is responsible for the comprehension of
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
speech??
bn
Temporal lobe < ANS >• Emotion and memory circuits
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Hearing, learning, memory circuits, sexual identity, and processing of auditory stimuli
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Gives emotional tone to memories
bn bn bn bn bn
• Is involved in making moral judgments
bn bn bn bn bn bn
Occipital lobe < ANS >• Vision bn bn bn bn bn
• Visual memory
bn bn
• Reading
bn
• language formation
bn bn
• reception of vestibular, acoustic, and tactile stimuli
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
Cerebrum < ANS >• Functions as an auxiliary structure for the entire cerebral cortex
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Posture and balance in walking
bn bn bn bn bn
• Sequential movements required in eating and writing
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Control speed and acceleration of movement
bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Involved in smooth eye movement
bn bn bn bn bn
• Cognition and language
bn bn bn
• Memory and impulse control
bn bn bn bn
Brainstem (Medulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain) < ANS >• Medulla oblongata- regulation of blood
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
pressure, respiration, and digestion. Reflex center for vomiting coughing, sneezing, swallowing, and
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
hiccupping.
bn
• Pons- Relays information from the cerebral hemisphere to the cerebellum
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Midbrain- control many sensory and motor functions including eye movement
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
Locus ceruleus < ANS >• Produces norepinephrine
bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Activity maintains arousal
bn bn bn
, • Inactivity allows sleep
bn bn bn
Dorsal raphe < ANS >• Produces serotonin
bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Control sleep wake cycle
bn bn bn bn
Reticular activating system (RAS) < ANS >• Involved in arousal and sleep- the "toggle switch"
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Switches the cerebral cortex on when individual is relaxed
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Switches limbic system on when there is a threat
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Regulates thalamus and cortex activities that are involved in emotions
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Involved in processing pain and in regulation of heartrate, breathing, perspiration, swallowing,
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
coughing, salivation, urination, and sexual arousal
bn bn bn bn bn bn
Reticular activating system (RAS) < ANS >• Involved in arousal and sleep- the "toggle switch"
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Switches the cerebral cortex on when individual is relaxed
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Switches limbic system on when there is a threat
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Regulates thalamus and cortex activities that are involved in emotions
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Involved in processing pain and in regulation of heartrate, breathing, perspiration, swallowing,
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
coughing, salivation, urination, and sexual arousal
bn bn bn bn bn bn
Hypothalamus < ANS >• Bridges internal homeostasis and outside environment
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Involved with raw emotions of pleasure, reward, aversion, and rage
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Regulates the autonomic nervous system and secretion of pituitary hormones
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Involved in hunger, thirst, water balance, regulation of temperature, circadian rhythms, and stress
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
response
bn
Thalamus < ANS >• Gaits information to the neocortex
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Processes information coming from the 5 senses and information coming from the amygdala and
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
cerebellum before it goes to the neocortex
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Involved in wakefulness, sleep, and pain perception
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
Amygdala < ANS >• Anxiety and anger
bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Generates rudimentary emotions such as fear, rage, religious ecstasy, and sexual desire
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Surveys the environment
bn bn bn
• Regulates fear and response to stress
bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Evaluates expression of friendliness, fear, love, affection, distrust, and anger
bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn bn
• Contributes to emotional memories, especially fear
bn bn bn bn bn bn
