CMN 571 EXAM TEST PAPER 2025/2026 QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS RANKED A+
✔✔Influenza - ✔✔Occurs each winter-early spring, often associated with significant
morbidity and mortality in certain high risk groups.
Annual vaccination is recommended for all persons over 6 months.
Fluzone for over 6 months. (fluvirin >4yrs and fluarix >3yrs, and afluria >9yrs)
Intranasal not currently recommened
Optimal time to vaccinate is as soon as the vaccine is available in early fall.
Two doses are recommended for children under 9yrs who did not recieve two doses in
the past.
Non type 1 egg allergies can still recieve the vaccine, type 1 egg allergies may be
eligible after allergist assessment.
Adverse affects - few have fever, malaise, and myalgia.
✔✔MMR vaccine - ✔✔Given in two doses.
Can cause febrile seizures.
Two vaccines available: MMR II and MMRV(MMR and varicella combo). MMRV only for
> 1 year old, has higher occurrence of febrile seizures.
Ig interfere with immune response - vaccination should be deferred for 3-11 moths after
Ig administration.
Contraindicated in pregnant women or women intending to become pregnant within 28
days, immunocompromised.
Contraindicated in children receiving high dose corticosteroid therapy (except
replacement therapy).
Adverse effects: fever. febrile seizures, transient thrombocytopenia, arthalgia, measles
inclusion body encephalitis.
✔✔Varicella vaccine - ✔✔Prevention or decreased severity of Varicella (chickenpox)
Given in two doses - alone or with MMR
Live virus vaccines - contraindicated in children who have acquired treatment related
cellular immunodeficiencies or congenital T cell abnormalities. (can be given to HIV
infected children who are not severely immunosuppresed)
Should not be given to pregnant women, however a pregnant family member is not a
reason to withhold vaccine in a child.
Personal or family Febrile seizure history is a precaution
Adverse effects- minor site reactions.
✔✔Hepatitis A vaccine - ✔✔Two dose schedule between 12 and 23 months, 6 months
apart.
Formulas - Havrix, Vaqta. Combo with Heb B- Twinrix.
Precaution to vaccination include pregnancy and moderate to severe acute illness.
Adverse effects - uncommon and mild. Pain, swelling, and induration at injection site,
headache and loss of appetite.
✔✔Development 1-2 Months - ✔✔Observed:
,Holds head erect/lifts head
Turns side to back
Regards faces and follows objects through visual field
Drops toys
Becomes alert in response to voice
Related:
Recognizes parents
Engages in vocalizations
Smiles spontaneously
✔✔Development 3-5 Months - ✔✔Observed:
Grasps cube - first ulnar and later thumb opposition
Reaches for and brings objects to mouth
Raspberry sounds
Sits with support
Related:
Laughs
Anticipates food on sight
Turns back to side.
✔✔Development 6-8 Months - ✔✔Observed:
Sits alone for short period
Reaches with 1 hand
First scoops up a pellet; then grasps with thumb opposition
Imitates bye-bye
Passes object from hand to hand midline
Babbles
Related:
Rolls back to stomach
Inhibited by the word NO
✔✔Development 9-11 Months - ✔✔Observed:
Stand alone
Pat a cake and peek a boo
Uses thumb and index finger to pick up pellet
Related:
Walks by supporting self on furniture
Follows 1 step verbal commands "come here" "give it to me"
✔✔Development 1 year - ✔✔Observed:
Walk independently
Mama and Dada with meaning
Neat pincer grasp to pick up pellet
Release cube into cup after demonstration
Gives toys on request
Tower of 2 cubes
,Related:
Points to desired objects
Says one or two other words
✔✔Development 18 months - ✔✔Observed:
Tower of 3-4 blocks
Throws ball
Seats self in chair
Dumps pellet from bottle
Related:
Walks up and down stairs with help
4-20 words
Understands 2 step command
Carries and hugs doll
Feeds self
✔✔Devleopment 24 Months - ✔✔Observed:
Speaks short phrases - 2 words or more
Kicks ball on request
Tower 6-7 cubes
Points to named objects or pictures
Jumps off floor with two feet
Stands on either foot alone
Uses pronouns
Related:
Verbalized toilet needs
Pulls on simple garment
Turns pages of book singly
Plays with domestic mimicry
✔✔Development 30 months - ✔✔Observed:
Walks backwards
Hop on 1 foot
Prepositions
Copies crude circle
Points to objects described by use
refers to self as I
Holds crayon in fist
Related:
Helps put things away
Carries on a conversation
✔✔Development 3 years - ✔✔Observed:
Holds crayon with fingers
Tower 9-10 cubes
Imitates 3 cube bridge
, Copies circle
Gives first and last name
Related:
Rides tricycle using pedals
Dresses with supervision
✔✔Development 3-5 years - ✔✔Observed:
Climbs stairs with alternating feet
Button and unbutton
"What do you like to do that is fun?" uses plurals, personal pronouns, and verbs
Responds to command to place toy in, on or under table
Draws a circle when asked to draw a person
Knows own sex
Gives full name
Copies a circle already drawn
Related:
Feeds self at mealtime
Takes off shoes and jacket
✔✔Development 4-5 Years - ✔✔Observed:
Runs and turns without losing balance
May stand on 1 leg for 10 seconds
Buttons clothes and laces shoes
Counts to 4 by route
Draws a person
Knows days of week
What must you do if you are sleepy
Copies + in imitation
Related:
Self care at toilet
Plays outside for at least 30 min
Dresses self except for tying
✔✔Growth Parameters - ✔✔Height, weight and head circumference at each well child
visit.
Naked baby and underpants for older kids
Recumbent length until 2 years then standing
WHO growth charts are recommended
Head circumference can cease at 2 years if it has been steady
Use weight for length chart for up to 2 years then BMI
✔✔Blood pressure - ✔✔Screening starts at 3 years.
Conditions that warrant starting BP screening sooner: Prematurity, CHD, Recurrent UTI,
hematuria, protienuria, renal disease, family hx renal disease, solid organ transplant,
malignancy or bone marrow transplant, treatment with drugs known to raise BP
SOLUTIONS RANKED A+
✔✔Influenza - ✔✔Occurs each winter-early spring, often associated with significant
morbidity and mortality in certain high risk groups.
Annual vaccination is recommended for all persons over 6 months.
Fluzone for over 6 months. (fluvirin >4yrs and fluarix >3yrs, and afluria >9yrs)
Intranasal not currently recommened
Optimal time to vaccinate is as soon as the vaccine is available in early fall.
Two doses are recommended for children under 9yrs who did not recieve two doses in
the past.
Non type 1 egg allergies can still recieve the vaccine, type 1 egg allergies may be
eligible after allergist assessment.
Adverse affects - few have fever, malaise, and myalgia.
✔✔MMR vaccine - ✔✔Given in two doses.
Can cause febrile seizures.
Two vaccines available: MMR II and MMRV(MMR and varicella combo). MMRV only for
> 1 year old, has higher occurrence of febrile seizures.
Ig interfere with immune response - vaccination should be deferred for 3-11 moths after
Ig administration.
Contraindicated in pregnant women or women intending to become pregnant within 28
days, immunocompromised.
Contraindicated in children receiving high dose corticosteroid therapy (except
replacement therapy).
Adverse effects: fever. febrile seizures, transient thrombocytopenia, arthalgia, measles
inclusion body encephalitis.
✔✔Varicella vaccine - ✔✔Prevention or decreased severity of Varicella (chickenpox)
Given in two doses - alone or with MMR
Live virus vaccines - contraindicated in children who have acquired treatment related
cellular immunodeficiencies or congenital T cell abnormalities. (can be given to HIV
infected children who are not severely immunosuppresed)
Should not be given to pregnant women, however a pregnant family member is not a
reason to withhold vaccine in a child.
Personal or family Febrile seizure history is a precaution
Adverse effects- minor site reactions.
✔✔Hepatitis A vaccine - ✔✔Two dose schedule between 12 and 23 months, 6 months
apart.
Formulas - Havrix, Vaqta. Combo with Heb B- Twinrix.
Precaution to vaccination include pregnancy and moderate to severe acute illness.
Adverse effects - uncommon and mild. Pain, swelling, and induration at injection site,
headache and loss of appetite.
✔✔Development 1-2 Months - ✔✔Observed:
,Holds head erect/lifts head
Turns side to back
Regards faces and follows objects through visual field
Drops toys
Becomes alert in response to voice
Related:
Recognizes parents
Engages in vocalizations
Smiles spontaneously
✔✔Development 3-5 Months - ✔✔Observed:
Grasps cube - first ulnar and later thumb opposition
Reaches for and brings objects to mouth
Raspberry sounds
Sits with support
Related:
Laughs
Anticipates food on sight
Turns back to side.
✔✔Development 6-8 Months - ✔✔Observed:
Sits alone for short period
Reaches with 1 hand
First scoops up a pellet; then grasps with thumb opposition
Imitates bye-bye
Passes object from hand to hand midline
Babbles
Related:
Rolls back to stomach
Inhibited by the word NO
✔✔Development 9-11 Months - ✔✔Observed:
Stand alone
Pat a cake and peek a boo
Uses thumb and index finger to pick up pellet
Related:
Walks by supporting self on furniture
Follows 1 step verbal commands "come here" "give it to me"
✔✔Development 1 year - ✔✔Observed:
Walk independently
Mama and Dada with meaning
Neat pincer grasp to pick up pellet
Release cube into cup after demonstration
Gives toys on request
Tower of 2 cubes
,Related:
Points to desired objects
Says one or two other words
✔✔Development 18 months - ✔✔Observed:
Tower of 3-4 blocks
Throws ball
Seats self in chair
Dumps pellet from bottle
Related:
Walks up and down stairs with help
4-20 words
Understands 2 step command
Carries and hugs doll
Feeds self
✔✔Devleopment 24 Months - ✔✔Observed:
Speaks short phrases - 2 words or more
Kicks ball on request
Tower 6-7 cubes
Points to named objects or pictures
Jumps off floor with two feet
Stands on either foot alone
Uses pronouns
Related:
Verbalized toilet needs
Pulls on simple garment
Turns pages of book singly
Plays with domestic mimicry
✔✔Development 30 months - ✔✔Observed:
Walks backwards
Hop on 1 foot
Prepositions
Copies crude circle
Points to objects described by use
refers to self as I
Holds crayon in fist
Related:
Helps put things away
Carries on a conversation
✔✔Development 3 years - ✔✔Observed:
Holds crayon with fingers
Tower 9-10 cubes
Imitates 3 cube bridge
, Copies circle
Gives first and last name
Related:
Rides tricycle using pedals
Dresses with supervision
✔✔Development 3-5 years - ✔✔Observed:
Climbs stairs with alternating feet
Button and unbutton
"What do you like to do that is fun?" uses plurals, personal pronouns, and verbs
Responds to command to place toy in, on or under table
Draws a circle when asked to draw a person
Knows own sex
Gives full name
Copies a circle already drawn
Related:
Feeds self at mealtime
Takes off shoes and jacket
✔✔Development 4-5 Years - ✔✔Observed:
Runs and turns without losing balance
May stand on 1 leg for 10 seconds
Buttons clothes and laces shoes
Counts to 4 by route
Draws a person
Knows days of week
What must you do if you are sleepy
Copies + in imitation
Related:
Self care at toilet
Plays outside for at least 30 min
Dresses self except for tying
✔✔Growth Parameters - ✔✔Height, weight and head circumference at each well child
visit.
Naked baby and underpants for older kids
Recumbent length until 2 years then standing
WHO growth charts are recommended
Head circumference can cease at 2 years if it has been steady
Use weight for length chart for up to 2 years then BMI
✔✔Blood pressure - ✔✔Screening starts at 3 years.
Conditions that warrant starting BP screening sooner: Prematurity, CHD, Recurrent UTI,
hematuria, protienuria, renal disease, family hx renal disease, solid organ transplant,
malignancy or bone marrow transplant, treatment with drugs known to raise BP
