SolutionManual,
Employment,Law,for,Business,,10th,Edition,
Dawn,Bennett-Alexander,,Chapters,1,-,16
,TABLE,OF,CONTENTS
Chapter,1,The,Regulation,of,Employment
Chapter,2,The,Employment,Law,Toolkit:,Resources,for,Understanding,the,Law, and,Recurring,Legal,
Concepts
Chapter,3,Title,VII,of,the,Civil,Rights,Act,of,1964
Chapter,4,Legal,Construction,of,the,Employment,Environment, Chapter,5,Affirmative,A
ction
Chapter,6,Race,and,Color,Discrimination, Chapter,
7,National,Origin,Discrimination, Chapter,8,Gend
er,Discrimination,, Chapter,9,Sexual,Harassment
Chapter,10,Sexual,Orientation,and,Gender,Identity,Discrimination, Chapter,11,Religi
ous,Discrimination
Chapter,12,Age,Discrimination, Chapter,13,Dis
ability,Discrimination
Chapter,14,The,Employee’s,Right,to,Privacy,and,Management,of,Personal
Information
Chapter,15,Labor,Law,857
Chapter,16,Selected,Employment,Benefits,and,Protections
Chapter,1
, The,Regulation,of,Employment
Chapter,Objective
The,student,is,introduced,to,the,regulatory,environment,of,the,employment,relationship.,The, chapt
er,examines,whether,regulation,is,actually,necessary,or,beneficial,or,if,,perhaps,,the, relationship,
would,fare,better,with,less,governmental,intervention.,The,concepts,of,―freedom‖,to, contract,in,t
he,regulatory,employment,environment,and,non-
compete,agreements,are,discussed., Since,the,regulations,and,case,law,discussed,in,this,text,rely,
on,an,individual‘s,classification,as, an, employer,or,an,employee,,those,definitions,are,delineated,
and,explored.
Learning,Objectives
(Click,on,the,icon,following,the,learning,objective,to,be,linked,to,the,location,in,the,outlinewhere,the,
chapter, addresses,that,particular,objective.)
At,the,conclusion,of,this,chapter,,the,students,should,be,able,to:
1. Describe,the,balance,between,the,freedom,to,contract,and,the,current,regulatory
, environment,for,employment.,
2. Identify,who,is,subject,to,which,employment,laws,and,understand,the,implication,of,eachof, th
ese,laws,for,both,the,employer,and,employee.,
3. Delineate,the,risks,to,the,employer,caused,by,employee,misclassification.,
4. Explain,the,difference,between,and,employee,and,an,independent,contractor,and,the,tests
, that,help,us,in,that,determination.,
5. Articulate,the,various,ways,in,which,the,concept,―employer‖,is,defined,by,the,various,
employment-related,regulations.,
6. Describe,the,permissible,parameters,of,non-compete,agreements.,
Detailed,Chapter,Outline
Scenarios—Points,for,Discussion
, Scenario,One:,This,scenario,offers,an,opportunity,to,review,the,distinctions,between,an, employee,
and,an,independent,contractor,discussed,in,the,chapter,(see,―The,Definition,of, Employee,‖,partic
ularly,Exhibits,1.3–1.5).,Discuss,the,IRS,20-
factor,analysis,,as,it,applies,to, Dalia‘s,position.,In,light,of,the,low,level,of,control,that,Dalia,had,ov
er,her,fees,and,her,work, process,,and,the,limits,upon,her,choice,of,clients,,students,should,come,to,t
he,conclusion,that, Dalia,is,an,employee,(therefore,,eligible,to,file,an,unemployment,claim),,rather,
than,an, independent,contractor.
Scenario,Two:,Soraya,would,not,have,a,cause,of,action,that,would,be,recognized,by,the,EEOC., R
eview,the,section,―The,Definition,of,‗Employer‘‖,with,students,,and,discuss,the,rationale,that, deter
mines,the,status,of,a,supervisor,vis-à-vis,anti-
discrimination,legislation.,Because,Soraya,is, Soraya‘s,supervisor,,not,her,employer,,he,cannot,be,
the,target,of,an,EEOC,claim,of,sexual, harassment.
CCC,,Soraya‘s,employer,,would,be,vulnerable,to,an,EEOC,claim,if,the,company,lacked,or,failedto, f
ollow,a,system,for,employee,redress,of,discrimination,grievances.,However,,in,this,case,, CCC, appea
rs,to,have,a,viable,anti-
discrimination,policy,that,it,adhered,to,diligently;,consequently,,Soraya, would,be,unlikely,to,win,a,d
ecision,in,her,favor.,The,court,in,Williams,v.,Banning,(1995),offered,the, following,rationale,for,its,de
cision,in,a,similar,case:
―She,has,an,employer,who,was,sensitive,and,responsive,to,her,complaint.,She,can,take, com
fort,in,the,knowledge,that,she,continues,to,work,for,this,company,,while,her,harasser, does,n
ot,and,that,the,company's,prompt,action,is,likely,to,discourage,other,would,be, harassers.,T
his,is,precisely,the,result,Title,VII,was,meant,to,achieve.‖
Scenario,Three:,Students,should,discuss,whether,or,not,Mya,non-
compete,agreement,is,likely,tobe, found,reasonable,by,a,court,,and,elaborate,the,aspects,of,the,ag
reement,that,Mya,might,contest,as, unreasonable,(see,section,below,,―Covenants,Not,to,Compete‖).,
Does,Mya,have,a,persuasive, argument,that,the,terms,of,her,non-
compete,agreement,are,unreasonable,in,scope,or,duration?
Might,she,have,grounds,to,claim,that,the,agreement,prohibits,her,from,making,a, living?
Given,the,diversity,of,state,laws,regulating,non-
compete,agreements,,discuss,the,range,of,legal, restrictions,that,might,apply,to,Mya‘s,particular,agr
eement,with,her,employer.,As,an,employeewho, works,across,several,states,,Mya‘s,defense,may,de
pend,upon,the,presence—and,specific, language—of,a,forum,selection,clause,in,her,non-
compete,agreement.,Consider,what,language, would,be,more,likely,to,provide,Nan,with,a,strong,de
fense,against,the,breach,of,contract,claim.
Mya,might,also,argue,that,the,company‘s,client,list,is,available,through,public,means,,and, therefo
re,,her,access,to,this,list,should,not,be,prohibited.
General,Lecture,Note,for,Employment,Law,Course
In,order,to,teach,this,course,,instructors,have,found,that,students,must,be,made,to,feel,relatively, co
mfortable,with,their,peers.,Instructors,will,be,asking,the,students,to,be,honest,and,to,stay,in, their,tr
uth,,even,at,times,when,they,feel,that,their,opinion,on,one,of,these,matters,will,not,be
Employment,Law,for,Business,,10th,Edition,
Dawn,Bennett-Alexander,,Chapters,1,-,16
,TABLE,OF,CONTENTS
Chapter,1,The,Regulation,of,Employment
Chapter,2,The,Employment,Law,Toolkit:,Resources,for,Understanding,the,Law, and,Recurring,Legal,
Concepts
Chapter,3,Title,VII,of,the,Civil,Rights,Act,of,1964
Chapter,4,Legal,Construction,of,the,Employment,Environment, Chapter,5,Affirmative,A
ction
Chapter,6,Race,and,Color,Discrimination, Chapter,
7,National,Origin,Discrimination, Chapter,8,Gend
er,Discrimination,, Chapter,9,Sexual,Harassment
Chapter,10,Sexual,Orientation,and,Gender,Identity,Discrimination, Chapter,11,Religi
ous,Discrimination
Chapter,12,Age,Discrimination, Chapter,13,Dis
ability,Discrimination
Chapter,14,The,Employee’s,Right,to,Privacy,and,Management,of,Personal
Information
Chapter,15,Labor,Law,857
Chapter,16,Selected,Employment,Benefits,and,Protections
Chapter,1
, The,Regulation,of,Employment
Chapter,Objective
The,student,is,introduced,to,the,regulatory,environment,of,the,employment,relationship.,The, chapt
er,examines,whether,regulation,is,actually,necessary,or,beneficial,or,if,,perhaps,,the, relationship,
would,fare,better,with,less,governmental,intervention.,The,concepts,of,―freedom‖,to, contract,in,t
he,regulatory,employment,environment,and,non-
compete,agreements,are,discussed., Since,the,regulations,and,case,law,discussed,in,this,text,rely,
on,an,individual‘s,classification,as, an, employer,or,an,employee,,those,definitions,are,delineated,
and,explored.
Learning,Objectives
(Click,on,the,icon,following,the,learning,objective,to,be,linked,to,the,location,in,the,outlinewhere,the,
chapter, addresses,that,particular,objective.)
At,the,conclusion,of,this,chapter,,the,students,should,be,able,to:
1. Describe,the,balance,between,the,freedom,to,contract,and,the,current,regulatory
, environment,for,employment.,
2. Identify,who,is,subject,to,which,employment,laws,and,understand,the,implication,of,eachof, th
ese,laws,for,both,the,employer,and,employee.,
3. Delineate,the,risks,to,the,employer,caused,by,employee,misclassification.,
4. Explain,the,difference,between,and,employee,and,an,independent,contractor,and,the,tests
, that,help,us,in,that,determination.,
5. Articulate,the,various,ways,in,which,the,concept,―employer‖,is,defined,by,the,various,
employment-related,regulations.,
6. Describe,the,permissible,parameters,of,non-compete,agreements.,
Detailed,Chapter,Outline
Scenarios—Points,for,Discussion
, Scenario,One:,This,scenario,offers,an,opportunity,to,review,the,distinctions,between,an, employee,
and,an,independent,contractor,discussed,in,the,chapter,(see,―The,Definition,of, Employee,‖,partic
ularly,Exhibits,1.3–1.5).,Discuss,the,IRS,20-
factor,analysis,,as,it,applies,to, Dalia‘s,position.,In,light,of,the,low,level,of,control,that,Dalia,had,ov
er,her,fees,and,her,work, process,,and,the,limits,upon,her,choice,of,clients,,students,should,come,to,t
he,conclusion,that, Dalia,is,an,employee,(therefore,,eligible,to,file,an,unemployment,claim),,rather,
than,an, independent,contractor.
Scenario,Two:,Soraya,would,not,have,a,cause,of,action,that,would,be,recognized,by,the,EEOC., R
eview,the,section,―The,Definition,of,‗Employer‘‖,with,students,,and,discuss,the,rationale,that, deter
mines,the,status,of,a,supervisor,vis-à-vis,anti-
discrimination,legislation.,Because,Soraya,is, Soraya‘s,supervisor,,not,her,employer,,he,cannot,be,
the,target,of,an,EEOC,claim,of,sexual, harassment.
CCC,,Soraya‘s,employer,,would,be,vulnerable,to,an,EEOC,claim,if,the,company,lacked,or,failedto, f
ollow,a,system,for,employee,redress,of,discrimination,grievances.,However,,in,this,case,, CCC, appea
rs,to,have,a,viable,anti-
discrimination,policy,that,it,adhered,to,diligently;,consequently,,Soraya, would,be,unlikely,to,win,a,d
ecision,in,her,favor.,The,court,in,Williams,v.,Banning,(1995),offered,the, following,rationale,for,its,de
cision,in,a,similar,case:
―She,has,an,employer,who,was,sensitive,and,responsive,to,her,complaint.,She,can,take, com
fort,in,the,knowledge,that,she,continues,to,work,for,this,company,,while,her,harasser, does,n
ot,and,that,the,company's,prompt,action,is,likely,to,discourage,other,would,be, harassers.,T
his,is,precisely,the,result,Title,VII,was,meant,to,achieve.‖
Scenario,Three:,Students,should,discuss,whether,or,not,Mya,non-
compete,agreement,is,likely,tobe, found,reasonable,by,a,court,,and,elaborate,the,aspects,of,the,ag
reement,that,Mya,might,contest,as, unreasonable,(see,section,below,,―Covenants,Not,to,Compete‖).,
Does,Mya,have,a,persuasive, argument,that,the,terms,of,her,non-
compete,agreement,are,unreasonable,in,scope,or,duration?
Might,she,have,grounds,to,claim,that,the,agreement,prohibits,her,from,making,a, living?
Given,the,diversity,of,state,laws,regulating,non-
compete,agreements,,discuss,the,range,of,legal, restrictions,that,might,apply,to,Mya‘s,particular,agr
eement,with,her,employer.,As,an,employeewho, works,across,several,states,,Mya‘s,defense,may,de
pend,upon,the,presence—and,specific, language—of,a,forum,selection,clause,in,her,non-
compete,agreement.,Consider,what,language, would,be,more,likely,to,provide,Nan,with,a,strong,de
fense,against,the,breach,of,contract,claim.
Mya,might,also,argue,that,the,company‘s,client,list,is,available,through,public,means,,and, therefo
re,,her,access,to,this,list,should,not,be,prohibited.
General,Lecture,Note,for,Employment,Law,Course
In,order,to,teach,this,course,,instructors,have,found,that,students,must,be,made,to,feel,relatively, co
mfortable,with,their,peers.,Instructors,will,be,asking,the,students,to,be,honest,and,to,stay,in, their,tr
uth,,even,at,times,when,they,feel,that,their,opinion,on,one,of,these,matters,will,not,be
