WGU Biochemistry OA Comprehensive
Questions (Frequently Tested) with
Verified Answers Graded A+
Bohr Effect chart (low pH) - Answer: C- High CO2
H- High H+
A- Acidic
R-Release of O2(rt. Shift)
T- tense state (in tissues)
Primary structure - Answer: Sequence of amino acids that make up a protein
Secondary Structure - Answer: Sequence of amino acids fold.
Tertiary Structure - Answer: -more folding in a 3D shape.
-R groups (side chains)
Quaternary Structure - Answer: Protein has more than 1 polypeptide chain.
Chemical reaction - Answer: -absorb and release energy
-activation energy
-energy is released (heat & light) when bonds are broken.
Exothermic reaction - Answer: Exo=to release
Thermo=heat
-chemical reaction that releases more energy than it absorbs (as heat & light)
,Example of exothermic reaction - Answer: Cellular respiration- breaks down glucose to make
cellular energy
Endothermic reaction - Answer: Endo=absorb
Thermos=heat
-absorbs more energy than it releases
Example of endothermic reaction - Answer: Photosynthesis- takes in light to break down to
create glucose
Catalyst - Answer: Substance that will decrease the activation energy needed to start a chemical
reaction
Enzymes - Answer: -catalysts used by cells
-increase the rate of chemical reaction
-specific to substrates
Enzyme structure - Answer: -they are proteins
-twist, fold, bend to final shape
-shape attracts specific molecules
Substrate - Answer: Molecules that bind to the enzyme
Active site - Answer: -location on enzyme where substrate binds
Function of DNA polymerase in process of PCR. - Answer: -increase expression
, -2 genes
-SIRT1 & SIRT2
Function of a molecule - Answer: Structural component of the lipid bilayer
How would lipid production in a cell change in order to maintain fluidity of its cell membrane as
it adapts to lower temperatures? - Answer: Produce lipids with shorter fatty acid chains
Function of cholesterol - Answer: Maintains membrane fluidity
Lipid (fat) soluble vitamins - Answer: A, D, E, K
What stimulates beta-oxidation of fatty acids? - Answer: An increase in NAD+ concentration in
the mitochondrial matrix
What occurs in an otherwise healthy person whose diet has very few carbs and high levels of
fats? - Answer: Acetone is produced in the blood
Amino acids - Answer: -Non-polar (hydrophobic)
-Polar charged
-Polar uncharged
Which type of mammalian DNA damage repair requires the presence of the chromosome that is
homologous to the damaged chromosome? - Answer: Recombination
Xeroxerma Pigmentosum (XP) - Answer: A recessive genetic disease that occurs when one or
more of the genes that perform nucleotide excision repair are nonfunctional
Questions (Frequently Tested) with
Verified Answers Graded A+
Bohr Effect chart (low pH) - Answer: C- High CO2
H- High H+
A- Acidic
R-Release of O2(rt. Shift)
T- tense state (in tissues)
Primary structure - Answer: Sequence of amino acids that make up a protein
Secondary Structure - Answer: Sequence of amino acids fold.
Tertiary Structure - Answer: -more folding in a 3D shape.
-R groups (side chains)
Quaternary Structure - Answer: Protein has more than 1 polypeptide chain.
Chemical reaction - Answer: -absorb and release energy
-activation energy
-energy is released (heat & light) when bonds are broken.
Exothermic reaction - Answer: Exo=to release
Thermo=heat
-chemical reaction that releases more energy than it absorbs (as heat & light)
,Example of exothermic reaction - Answer: Cellular respiration- breaks down glucose to make
cellular energy
Endothermic reaction - Answer: Endo=absorb
Thermos=heat
-absorbs more energy than it releases
Example of endothermic reaction - Answer: Photosynthesis- takes in light to break down to
create glucose
Catalyst - Answer: Substance that will decrease the activation energy needed to start a chemical
reaction
Enzymes - Answer: -catalysts used by cells
-increase the rate of chemical reaction
-specific to substrates
Enzyme structure - Answer: -they are proteins
-twist, fold, bend to final shape
-shape attracts specific molecules
Substrate - Answer: Molecules that bind to the enzyme
Active site - Answer: -location on enzyme where substrate binds
Function of DNA polymerase in process of PCR. - Answer: -increase expression
, -2 genes
-SIRT1 & SIRT2
Function of a molecule - Answer: Structural component of the lipid bilayer
How would lipid production in a cell change in order to maintain fluidity of its cell membrane as
it adapts to lower temperatures? - Answer: Produce lipids with shorter fatty acid chains
Function of cholesterol - Answer: Maintains membrane fluidity
Lipid (fat) soluble vitamins - Answer: A, D, E, K
What stimulates beta-oxidation of fatty acids? - Answer: An increase in NAD+ concentration in
the mitochondrial matrix
What occurs in an otherwise healthy person whose diet has very few carbs and high levels of
fats? - Answer: Acetone is produced in the blood
Amino acids - Answer: -Non-polar (hydrophobic)
-Polar charged
-Polar uncharged
Which type of mammalian DNA damage repair requires the presence of the chromosome that is
homologous to the damaged chromosome? - Answer: Recombination
Xeroxerma Pigmentosum (XP) - Answer: A recessive genetic disease that occurs when one or
more of the genes that perform nucleotide excision repair are nonfunctional
