USABO OPEN EXAM COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS – LATEST UPDATE
THIS YEAR JUST RELEASED
Virus structure - ..(answers)..Consists of a helical capsid and dsDNA genome
without an envelope.
Pac site - ..(answers)..Ensures proper packaging of dsDNA genome by capsomeres
during virus assembly.
Capsomere domain - ..(answers)..Interacts with the pac site on the virus genome
during assembly.
Cross reactivity - ..(answers)..Antibodies from prior exposure to flaviviruses
erroneously attributed to Zika virus.
Plasma cells - ..(answers)..Primarily responsible for the production of antibodies in
classic immune response.
Kd - ..(answers)..Dissociation constant; Cell Type 1 has a higher sensitivity to
ligand due to its lower Kd value.
Intracellular receptors - ..(answers)..Expressed by Type 1 cells, unlike Type 2 cells,
contributing to the observed difference in response to ligand.
, Free energy change - ..(answers)..Determines the equilibrium ratio of products to
reactants in a biological reaction.
Extreme halophiles - ..(answers)..Tolerate high salt conditions possibly by
accumulating compatible solutes in their cytoplasm.
NADPH oxidase - ..(answers)..Activity highest in the phagocyte's phagolysosome,
aiding in the destruction of phagocytosed bacteria.
HIV life cycle - ..(answers)..Provirus can be found latent in CD4 positive cells years
after initial infection.
Tumorigenesis - ..(answers)..Upregulation of pro-apoptotic proteins is not likely to
contribute to cancer progression.
C3 and C4 plants - ..(answers)..C3 plants have spatial separation of carbon fixation
and photosynthesis, while C4 plants have temporal separation.
Linear cellulose synthesizing complexes - ..(answers)..Found in plants,
charophyceans, and green algae.
Phloem composition - ..(answers)..Composed of live sieve-tube elements and
companion cells in vascular plants.
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS – LATEST UPDATE
THIS YEAR JUST RELEASED
Virus structure - ..(answers)..Consists of a helical capsid and dsDNA genome
without an envelope.
Pac site - ..(answers)..Ensures proper packaging of dsDNA genome by capsomeres
during virus assembly.
Capsomere domain - ..(answers)..Interacts with the pac site on the virus genome
during assembly.
Cross reactivity - ..(answers)..Antibodies from prior exposure to flaviviruses
erroneously attributed to Zika virus.
Plasma cells - ..(answers)..Primarily responsible for the production of antibodies in
classic immune response.
Kd - ..(answers)..Dissociation constant; Cell Type 1 has a higher sensitivity to
ligand due to its lower Kd value.
Intracellular receptors - ..(answers)..Expressed by Type 1 cells, unlike Type 2 cells,
contributing to the observed difference in response to ligand.
, Free energy change - ..(answers)..Determines the equilibrium ratio of products to
reactants in a biological reaction.
Extreme halophiles - ..(answers)..Tolerate high salt conditions possibly by
accumulating compatible solutes in their cytoplasm.
NADPH oxidase - ..(answers)..Activity highest in the phagocyte's phagolysosome,
aiding in the destruction of phagocytosed bacteria.
HIV life cycle - ..(answers)..Provirus can be found latent in CD4 positive cells years
after initial infection.
Tumorigenesis - ..(answers)..Upregulation of pro-apoptotic proteins is not likely to
contribute to cancer progression.
C3 and C4 plants - ..(answers)..C3 plants have spatial separation of carbon fixation
and photosynthesis, while C4 plants have temporal separation.
Linear cellulose synthesizing complexes - ..(answers)..Found in plants,
charophyceans, and green algae.
Phloem composition - ..(answers)..Composed of live sieve-tube elements and
companion cells in vascular plants.
